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Active dry yeast supplementation benefits ruminal fermentation,bacterial community,blood immunoglobulins,and growth performance in young dairy goats,but not for intermittent supplementation

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animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 289-301页

作者： Jun Zhang Yuntian Yang Xinjian Lei Yannan Wang Yanhua Li Zhiqiang Yang Junhu Yao College of animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina fuping county animal husbandry development center Fuping 711700ShaanxiChina Shandong Institute of Feed Quality Inspection Jinan 250010ShandongChina

This study evaluated the effects of active dry yeast(ADY)supplementation and supplementation stra-tegies on ruminal fermentation,bacterial community,blood metabolites,and growth performance in young dairy *** young female Guanzhong dairy goats of similar age(4.00±0.50 months)and BW(19.65±0.41 kg)were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=20):(1)basal diet group(CON);(2)basal diet continuously supplemented with 3.0 g/goat per day commercial ADY(a proprietary strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with 5.0×10^(9)cfu/g)group(CSY);(3)basal diet with intermittently supple-mented ADY group(ISY;5 d supplementation with ADY at 4.5 g/goat per day following 5 d of no sup-plementation).The experiment lasted 67 d with the first 7 d as an adaptive *** fluid and blood samples were collected *** were analyzed using the MIXED procedure combined with the SLICE option in *** orthogonal contrasts of ADY *** and CSY *** were also *** the experimental period,ADY supplementation resulted in greater DMI(P=0.03),ruminal ac-etate proportion(P<0.01)and acetylesterase activity(P=0.01),and blood contents of glucose(P=0.01)and IgM(P=0.02)and tended to have greater ADG(P=0.05)and paunch girth(P=0.06)than the CON,despite the propionate proportion(P=0.03)and contents of total protein(P=0.04)and IgA(P=0.03)being *** lower ruminal NH_(3)-N(P<0.01)and blood urea nitrogen(P=0.07)contents indicated greater nitrogen utilization with ADY *** supplementation showed persistent effects after it was stopped because the BW at 12 months of age(P=0.03)and birth weight of lambs(P=0.02)were greater than the ***,the ISY did not show those benefits and had significantly lower relative abundances of fiber-degrading related bacteria than the *** conclusion,ADY supplementa-tion,especially continuously supplemented,may enhance ADG and ADG:DMI ratio by improving DMI,ruminal cellulolytic bacteria abundance and enzyme activity,nitrogen utilizat

关键词： Active dry yeast Bacterial community Dairy goat Growth performance Rumen microbiota Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Estimates on age,growth,and mortality of Gymnocypris firmispinatus(Cyprinidae: Schizothoracinae) in the Anning River,China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第2期37卷 736-744页

作者： MA Baoshan NIE Yuanyuan WEI Kaijin XU Bin ZHU Xiangyun XU Jin Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Wuhan 430223 China development center for animal husbandry in Mountain Area in Miao Autonomous county of Songtao Tongren 554100 China

The age, growth, and mortality of Gymnocypris firmispinatus were studied by 582 individuals that collected between July 2015 and June 2016 from the tributaries of the Anning River, China. The total length (TL) ranged from 27 mm to 242 mm, total weight (W) ranged from 0.2 g to 148.2 g. The relationship of total length and weight was expressed as W =7.754×10^-6 TL^ 3.304 for the total samples. The age classes of males were 1–9 a, and that of females were 1–13 a. The von Bertalanff y functions based on otolith readings and observed length data were L t ♂=198.6(1–e^-0.094 ( t +3.497)), and L t ♀=289.3(1–e^-0.089 ( t +1.109)). The total mortality ( Z ) of male and female G . firmispinatus was estimated as 0.73/a and 0.40/a, respectively. The natural mortality ( M ) was evaluated as 0.25/a for males and 0.20/a for females, fishing mortality ( F ) was 0.35/a for males and 0.16/a for females. The exploitation ratio of the population was 0.66/a for males and 0.50/a for females. It was concluded that the growth of the fish is relatively slower than other congeneric fishes. The population of G . firmispinatus in the tributaries of the Anning River might be in over-exploitation under the current fishing intensity.

关键词： otolith growth von Bertalanff y model mortality Gymnocypris firmispinatus

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Technical Measures for High Quality and High Yield of Free-range Sows in Rural Areas

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Asian Agricultural Research 2021年第5期13卷 40-42,47页

作者： Xingli WANG animal husbandry development Promotion center of Linshu county Linyi 276700 China

Today,with the rapid development of modern and large-scale pig industry,free-range pig farming is still an important part of the breeding *** from large-scale pig farms,there are many shortcomings in feeding management,pig disease prevention and control and so on for small-scale *** the long-term clinical diagnosis and production practice,it is found that sows raised by small-scale farmers often have some problems,such as non-estrus,repeated infertility and"false pregnancy",weak farrowing,stillbirth,and postpartum piglet *** paper makes a comprehensive analysis on the performance and etiology of the above-mentioned free-range sows,and puts forward the corresponding prevention and control measures,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the feeding and management of rural free-range sows.

关键词： Free-range sows High quality High yield Etiological analysis Control measures

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Research Progress on Diagnosis and Treatment of Bovine Mastitis

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Asian Agricultural Research 2020年第10期12卷 65-67页

作者： Jia YAO Dacai PENG Zhengmei CHENG Ya'an animal husbandry development center Ya'an 625000China Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Yingjing county Yingjing 625200China

Bovine mastitis is a common disease of dairy cows,andit is the main reason for the economic loss of dairy *** paper reviews the types,etiology,diagnosis,prevention and treatment of bovine mastitis,in order to provide ... 详细信息

关键词： Bovine mastitis Etiology Diagnosis Prevention and treatment

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Comparison of biochar properties from 5 kinds of halophyte produced by slow pyrolysis at 500℃

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 1003-1012页

作者： Hongyang Xiao Qimei Lin Guitong Li Xiaorong Zhao Jianzhong Li Erzhen Li Department of Soil and Water Science College of Land Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Agricultural and animal husbandry Technology Extension and Service center of Wuyuan county Bayannur 015100Inner MongoliaChina

Glycophyte biomass-derived biochars are currently concerned in most ***,little attention is given to the char-acteristics of halophyte-derived *** this study,five typical halophytes of euhalophytes(Suaeda altissima,Suaeda salsa,and Kalidium foliatum),recretohalophytes(Phragmites australis),and pseudohalophytes(Tamarix chinensis)which are widely distributed in the arid and semiarid regions of northwestern China were selected for producing biochars with a slow pyrolysis process at 500℃for 1 *** harvested biochars were characterized in elemental content,pores,surface area,and surface charges,and then their potential value as a soil conditioner was *** results showed that the halophyte-derived biochars had variable ash and Na+contents,ranging from 7.26 to 23.64%and 1.06 to 33.93 g kg^(−1)*** EC value of the biochars ranged from 1.76 to 23.45 mS cm^(−1).The biochar derived from Suaeda altissima had a very low specific surface area(SSA),3.50 m^(2)g^(−1),while that derived from Phragmites australis(BPA)had a very high SSA,344.02 m^(2)g^(−1).All the biochars carried both positive and negative *** foliatum biochar(BKF)possessed more nega-tive charges,while Suaeda altissima biochar(BSA)contained more positive *** general,the halophyte biochars had a higher ash content and lower point of zero net charge(PZNC)value,compared with the biochars derived from glycophytes,which would imply their higher potential value as an acidic soil conditioner.

关键词： Halophyte Biochar Structural elements Mineral elements Surface charges

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Responses of grazing households to different levels of payments for ecosystem services

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2022年第1期8卷 50-64页

作者： Weiwei Shen Ting Zhou Hong Chang Xiao Qiu Yahong Liu Hailian Sun Xiu Zhai Hongbo Yang Guihuan Liu Wu Yang center for Intelligent Ecology and Sustainability College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and animal husbandry HohhotChina Global development Policy center Boston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning BeijingChina

Introduction:Payments for Ecosystem Services(PES)programs have been implemented globally to protect ecosystems while securing the well-being of affected *** payment standards are key to successful PES *** some approaches are available for determining payment standards,few studies have applied them for grassland conservation with location indicators and socioeconomic contexts properly ***:Using China’s first pilot Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy(GECP)as an example,we analyzed the effects of payment levels,other natural and socioeconomic factors on herders’willingness to participate in the GECP in Damao county in Inner Mongolia where grassland degradation is happening at an alarming rate due to overgrazing and cropland ***:Our results show that households with lower herding income,older age,higher education,larger grassland areas,and worse social relationships are more inclined to participate in the *** payment level,as well as natural and socioeconomic contextual factors,significantly affect the response of herdsmen,and a reasonable grassland payment standard with a 95%policy compliance rate should be 8.8 yuan *** and Conclusion:Our findings can inform governments to develop effective PES programs to balance the need of human well-being improvement and grassland conservation in China and beyond.

关键词： Conservation grassland ecosystem grassland compensation ecological compensation standard ecosystem management:poverty alleviation

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Identification of Mulberry Endophytic Fungus Macrophomina phaseolina Strain

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2021年第6期10卷 93-95页

作者： Xue’e DOU Jingrui HAN College of Forestry Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Linqu county animal husbandry development center Linqu 262600China Agricultural Comprehensive Service center Chengguan Sub-district OfficeLinqu CountyLinqu 262600China

An endophytic fungus MOD-1 was isolated from the roots of mulberry trees,and was identified as Macrophomina phaseolina by morphology and molecular *** 5.8 S rDNA/ITS region sequence of the strain has been registered i... 详细信息

关键词： Macrophomina phaseolina Morphological identification Molecular biological identification

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Effects of Different Alkaloids in Coptis chinensis on Inhibiting TGEV Proliferation

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Medicinal Plant 2023年第3期14卷 15-17页

作者： Maixun ZHU Hongmei TANG Shaoqin ZHAI Lizhi FU Xiaolong DENG Zengjia LIU Chongqing Academy of animal Sciences Rongchang 402460China National center of Technology Innovation for Pigs Rongchang 402460China Pengshui Miao&Tujia Autonomous county Livestock development center Pengshui 409600China Wuxi county animal husbandry and Veterinary Management Service center Wuxi 405800China

[Objectives]To study the effects of different alkaloids in Coptis chinensis on inhibiting the proliferation of Transmissible gastroenteritis virus(TGEV).[Methods]The components and content of the main alkaloids in the extract of *** were *** main alkaloids were selected as drugs to inhibit the proliferation of *** maximum non-toxic concentration of Columbamine,Jatrorrhizine,Epiberberine,Coptisine,Palmatine,and Berberine was *** protective rate of each drug on TGEV-infected ST cells was determined,and the transcriptional inhibitory effect of the drug on TGEV N gene was detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR.[Results]The extract of *** mainly contains 6 alkaloids:Columbamine,Jatrorrhizine,Epiberberine,Coptisine,Palmatine,and Berberine,accounting for 2.03%,8.88%,9.21%,15.07%,14.63%,and 50.18%,*** the range of the safe concentration,Jatrorrhizine,Palmatine,and Coptisine had better protective effects on ST cells infected with TGEV;compared with the Columbamine group,the cell protection rate was significantly different(P<0.05);compared with the Berberine group,the difference was extremely significant(P<0.01).The Coptisine and Palmatine groups had significant inhibitory effects on the transcription of TGEV N gene,and the difference was extremely significant compared with the virus group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Jatrorrhizine and Palmatine in *** are the main components to inhibit the proliferation of TGEV.

关键词： Extract of Coptis chinensis Alkaloids Transmissible gastroenteritis virus(TGEV) ST cells

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Investigation on the Growth and development of Muscle Fibers in Black Goat Lambs

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2022年第2期11卷 58-61,65页

作者： Lin ZHANG Shengxia BAI Quzhe EMU Feng XU Jingsheng FAN Xuemei LI Bo LI Bin ZHANG Chunmei LI Chaorui XIONG Sichuan Key Laboratory of animal Genetic Breeding Sichuan Academy of Animal Husbandry ScienceChengdu 610066China Guanghan Agricultural and Rural Bureau Guanghan 618399China Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Beichuan Qiang Autonomous county Beichuan 622750China Rong county Breeding Industry Service center Rong County 643100China Fushun animal husbandry and Veterinary Technology Promotion center Fushun 643200China

[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze and study the growth and development of muscle fibers at different stages,so as to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent research on developmental biology and nutritional regulation.[Methods]The body weights of black goat lambs in groups at different month age(0-6 months old)were recorded,and the diameter,area and number of muscle fibers were measured by tissue section and hematoxylin-eosin *** curves of body weight and muscle fiber growth and development of black goat lambs were drawn.[Results]The black goat lambs maintained a high absolute growth intensity of 2.95-4.35 kg/30 d throughout the rearing cycle,and the body weight continued to increase significantly,while the relative growth coefficient decreased from 93.05%at the age of 30 d to 13.83%at the age of 180 *** diameter and area of muscle fibers in black goat lambs showed obvious"three-stage"growth and development characteristics,and showed different trends of gender advantages in different stages.[Conclusions]This study will help to further optimize the key supporting technologies for production and promote the diversified and comprehensive development of the mutton sheep industry in Sichuan Province.

关键词： Black goat lamb Muscle fiber Growth and development Law

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The origin of invasion of an alien frog species in Tibet, China

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Current Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 615-621页

作者： Supen WANG Liqing FAN Conghui LIU Jiaqi LI Xu GAO Wei ZHU Yiming LI Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Beijing 100101 China Institute of Plateau Ecology Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College Bayi Town Linzhi County Xizang Province 860000 China National Forest Ecosystem Observation & Research Station of Tibet Linzhi Linzhi 860000 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences under Ministry of Environmental Protection of China Nanjing 210042 China

Identifying the origins of alien species has important implications for effectively controlling the spread of alien species. The black-spotted frog Pelophylax nigromaculatus, originally from East Asia, has become an alien species on the Tibetan Plateau （TP）. In this study, we collected 300 individuals of P. nigromaculatus from 13 native regions and 2 invasive regions （including Nyingchi and Lhasa） on the TP. To identify the source region of the TP introductions, we sequenced portions of the mitochondrial cyt b gene. We sequenced a -600-bp portion of the mitochondrial cyt b gene to identify 69 haplotypes （124 polymorphic sites） in all sampled populations. According to the network results, we suggest that the P. nigromaculatus found on the TP was most likely originated from Chongqing by human introduction. Furthermore, we found that the genetic diversity was significantly lower for invasive than for native sites due to founder effects. Our study provides genetic evidence that this alien species invaded the cold environment of high elevations and expanded the distribution of P. nigromaculatus in China.

关键词： alien species amphibians chytridiomycosis cold environment invasion genetics invasion route Sbetan Plateau.

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