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A phylogenetic and taxonomic re-evaluation of the Bipolaris - Cochliobolus - Curvularia Complex

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fungal Diversity 2012年第5期56卷 131-144页

作者： Dimuthu S.Manamgoda Lei Cai Eric H.C.McKenzie Pedro W.Crous Hugo Madrid Ekachai Chukeatirote Roger G.Shivas Yu Pei Tan Kevin D.Hyde Institute of Excellence in fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand State Key laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand CBS-KNAW fungal biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtNetherlands Department of Agriculture Fisheries and ForestryPlant Pathology Herbarium(BRIP)Plant Biosecurity ScienceGPO Box 267BrisbaneQLD 4001Australia

Three genera,Cochliobolus,Bipolaris and Curvularia form a complex that contains many plant pathogens,mostly on grasses(Poaceae)with a worldwide *** taxonomy of this complex is confusing as frequent nomenclatural changes and refinements have *** is no clear morphological boundary between the asexual genera Bipolaris and Curvularia,and some species show intermediate *** investigated this complex based on a set of ex-type cultures and collections from northern *** gene analysis of rDNA ITS(internal transcribed spacer),GPDH(glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase),LSU(large subunit)and EF1-α(translation elongation factor 1-α)shows that this generic complex divides into two *** and Cochliobolus species clustered in Group 1 along with their type species,whereas Curvularia species(including species named as Bipolaris,Cochliobolus and Curvularia)clustered in Group 2,with its generic *** nomenclatural conflict in this complex is resolved giving priority to the more commonly used established generic names Bipolaris and *** descriptions of the genera Bipolaris and Curvularia are provided and species resolved in this study are transferred to one of these genera based on their phylogeny.

关键词： Anamorph Generic complex Neotype Nomenclature Pathogens Pseudocochliobolus

Optimization of parental RNAi conditions for hunchback gene in Locusta migratoria manilensis （Meyen）

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Insect Science 2010年第1期17卷 1-6页

作者： Zheng-Bo He Yue-Qing Cao Yu-Xian Xia Genetic Engineering Research Center College of Bioengineering Chongqing University Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticides and Key Laboratory of Functional Gene and Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Chongqing China

An investigation on the optimization of parental RNA interference （RNAi） conditions for hunchback （hb） gene in Locusta migratoria manilensis （Meyen） was conducted. Double stranded RNA （dsRNA） corresponding to hb gene was injected into haemocoel of female adults ofL. migratoria manilensis. Embryos developed from the eggs laid by the injected adults on the 7th day after eclosion showed observable effects of RNAi for hb. The silencing effect after delivery treatment of dsRNA for hb gene was maintained for more than 21 days. A significant decrease of hb transcripts was further confirmed by Northern blot analysis. The dose of dsRNA/insect at 2μg could trigger 96.9% RNAi effects, while silencing appeared to have no dependence on the size of dsRNA. Results suggest that parental RNAi could be employed to efficiently identify the developmental gene functions in L. migratoria manilensis.

关键词： hunchback Locusta migratoria manilensis parental RNA interference

New and rare lignicolous hyphomycetes from Zhejiang Province, China

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第10期9卷 797-801页

作者： Mongkol WONGSAWAS Hong-kai WANG Kevin D. HYDE Fu-cheng LIN State Key laboratory for Rice Biology Institute of Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China fungal Research Group School of Science Mac Fah Luang University Tasud Muang Chiang Rai 57100 Thailand

Sporidesmiopsis zhejiangensis sp. nov. and Spadicoides americana were found on submerged wood from streams in Zhejiang Province, China. Sporidesmiopsis zhejiangensis is characterized by obclavate to fusiform, 5-6-distoseptate, versicolor-ous, verruculose conidia with an apical mucilaginous sheath. Spadicoides americana is a new record to China. These taxa are described and illustrated, and morphological differences between these species and their similar species were summarized.

关键词： Freshwater fungi Sporidesmiopsis zhejiangensis Spadicoides americana Taxonomy

Cryptococcus gattii infections in China： extent of the problem？

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第2期126卷 203-205页

作者： CHEN Min PAN Wei-hua Teun Boekhout Shanghai Key laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology Department of Dermatology Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 China CBS-KNAW fungal biodiversity Centre Department of Yeast andBasidiomycete Research 3584 CT Utrecht The Netherlands

Approximately 70 species are accepted in the genus Cryptococcus; however, only two species,Cryptococcus neoformans （ C. neoformans, AD and D） and C. gattii （serotypes B responsible for almost all human infections,2,3 and resulted in over 1 million cryptococcosis in the world each year with casualties.4 It is generally assumed that serotypes A, and C） are cryptococcal new cases of over 600000 cryptococcal infections are acquired by inhalation of fungal spores, desiccated cells, or poorly encapsulated yeasts from environmental niches, such as decayed wood debris of certain tree species or bird droppings.5 Epidemiological surveys have shown that C. neoformans caused about 80% of cryptococcosis cases globally each year, particularly in immunocompromised persons, such as human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）-infected people and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （AIDS） patients,2＇3 while C. gattii primarily infects apparently immunocompetent hosts, and is mainly responsible for the remaining cases of cryptococcosls6,7

关键词： Cryptococcus gattii: infection: China

Ultrastructure and phylogeny of Ustilago coicis

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2013年第4期14卷 336-345页

作者： Jing-ze ZHANG Pei-gang GUAN Gang TAO Mohammad Reza OJAGHIAN Kevin David HYDE Institute of Biotechnology College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang University Guizhou Institute of Plant Protection Key laboratory of Systematic Mycology and Lichenology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Institutue of Excellence in fungal Research School of ScienceMae Fah Luang University

Ustilago coicis causes serious smut on Coix lacryma-jobi in Dayang Town,Jinyun County,Zhejiang Province of *** this paper,ultrastructural assessments on fungus-host interactions and teliospore development are presented,and molecular phylogenetic analyses have been done to elucidate the phylogenetic placement of the *** growth within infected tissues was both intracellular and intercellular and on the surface of fungus-host interaction,and the fungal cell wall and the invaginated host plasma membrane were separated by a sheath comprising two distinct layers between the fungal cell wall and the invaginated host plasma *** development of teliospore walls was unique as they appeared to be originated from the *** addition,internal transcribed spacer(ITS) and large subunit(LSU) sequence data showed that *** is closely related to Ustilago trichophora which infects grass species of the genus Echinochloa(Poaceae).

关键词： Fungus-host interaction Molecular phylogenetics Smut Teliospore wall development

In honor of John Bissett:authoritative guidelines on molecular identification of Trichoderma

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fungal Diversity 2021年第2期107卷 1-69页

作者： Feng Cai Irina S.Druzhinina Key laboratory of Plant Immunity Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina fungal Genomics laboratory(FungiG) Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Institute of Chemical Environmentaland Bioscience Engineering(ICEBE)TU WienViennaAustria International Subcommission on Taxonomy of Trichoderma(ICTT) ICTFIUMSNanjingChina

Modern taxonomy has developed towards the establishment of global authoritative lists of species that assume the standard-ized principles of species recognition,at least in a given taxonomic ***,in fungi,species delimitation is fre-quently subjective because it depends on the choice of a species concept and the criteria selected by a *** to it,identification of fungal species is expected to be accurate and precise because it should predict the properties that are required for applications or that are relevant in *** industrial and plant-beneficial fungi from the genus Tricho-derma(Hypocreales)offer a suitable model to address this collision between species delimitation and species identification.A few decades ago,Trichoderma diversity was limited to a few dozen *** introduction of molecular evolutionary methods resulted in the exponential expansion of Trichoderma taxonomy,with up to 50 new species recognized per ***,we have reviewed the genus-wide taxonomy of Trichoderma and compiled a complete inventory of all Trichoderma species and DNA barcoding material deposited in public databases(the inventory is available at the website of the Interna-tional Subcommission on Taxonomy of Trichoderma *** oderm ***).Among the 375 species with valid names as of July 2020,361(96%)have been cultivated in vitro and DNA ***,we have developed a protocol for molecular identification of Trichoderma that requires analysis of the three DNA barcodes(ITS,tef1,and rpb2),and it is supported by online tools that are available on *** *** then used all the whole-genome sequenced(WGS)Trichoderma strains that are available in public databases to provide versatile practical examples of molecular identification,reveal short-comings,and discuss possible *** on the Trichoderma example,this study shows why the identification of a fungal species is an intricate and laborious task that requires a background

关键词： Diversity DNA barcoding Hypocreales GCPSR Species concept Taxonomy Whole-genome sequencing

Phylogenetic inference and taxonomic revision of Didymellaceae

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Phylogenetic inference and taxonomic revision of Didymellace...

Effects of salinity on the soil microbial community and soil fertility

多彩菌物美丽中国——中国菌物学会2019年学术年会

作者： L.W.Hou J.Z.Groenewald P.W.Crous L.Cai Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of MicrobiologyState Key Laboratory of Mycology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Westerdijk fungal biodiversity Institute Utrecht University Department of Biology Microbiology

Didymellaceae（Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes） is one of the most species-rich families in the fungal kingdom. Species of Didymellaceae are geographically widespread and distribute in numerous ecological *** most species have been shown to be important plant pathogens, with six species of quarantine significance, many species also infect human, insects, fungi or inhabit a wide range of other substrates as saprophytes. The taxonomy of Didymellaceae has undergone significant changes in recent years via morphological and phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequence data of ex-type strains. Several poly-and paraphyletic genera, including Phoma, Didymella, and Ascochyta were redefined, along with the introductions of new genera. However, due to the tradition of host associated nomenclature, the wide host range and the widespread presence of Didymellaceae, taxonomy of the majority of species in this family remain unsolved and the real species diversity is largely unknown. To further resolve the phylogenetic relationships of Didymellaceae,in the present study, a systematic analysis of this family was carried out based on the hitherto largest number of cultures with a global distribution and diverse substrates. Total 1130 Didymellaceae strains from 76 countries, 98 plant families and 55 other substrates, including animals, fungi, soil, air, water, paint, glacier, were examined. The resulting phylogenetic tree of four loci（ITS, LSU, rpb2, tub2） resolved 38 well supported genera and recognized287 species. Among them, 7 new genera, 30 new species from plants, soil, coral, house dust were ***, 20 new combinations were proposed, and five epitypes and four neotypes were designated to stabilize the taxonomy and use of elder names. On this basis, an extended phylogenetic backbone for Didymellaceae based on a more complete sequences dataset was generated, aiming to help the delimitation of novelties at the species,genus and family levels. In addition, rpb2 wa

关键词： Multi-locus phylogeny new taxa Phoma rpb2 taxonomy

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第6期18卷 1360-1368页

作者： ZHANG Wen-wen WANG Chong XUE Rui WANG Li-jie College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China Beijing Key laboratory of biodiversity and Organic Farming China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China Key laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationBeijing 100193P.R.China

Saline area is an important reserve resource of arable land,however,the effects of soil microorganisms on the soil fertility in saline coastal ecosystems remain poorly *** salinity effects on soil microorganisms,nutrient availabilities and their relationships were studied in soils along a salinity gradient.A total of 80 soil samples were collected from 16 sites at four salinity levels(non-saline soil,salt content4 g kg^1).The results showed that the salinity increased soil pH and exchangeable Na percent,but decreased soil organic matter,soil exchangeable K,and soil microbial *** the abundance and community composition of soil bacteria and fungi were significantly different between the non-saline and the saline *** predominant genera of soil bacteria(Planctomyces and Archangium,positive for carbon fixation)and fungi(Hydropisphaera,efficient in lignin degradation)changed with the increasing soil salinity and the decreasing soil organic *** summary,soil salinity changed the abundances of soil bacterial,fungal,and arbuscular mycorrhizal communities and,subsequently,affected their function in saline coastal ecosystems.

关键词： soil salt content soil organic matter T-RFLP soil health

Causative Microorganisms Isolated from Patients with Intra-Abdominal Infections and Their Drug Resistance Profiles:An 11-Year(2011–2021)Single-Center Retrospective Study

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第8期36卷 732-742页

作者： DING Rui MA Rui Rui LIU Ya Li ZHAO Ying GUO Li Na DOU Hong Tao SUN Hong Li LIU Wen Jing ZHANG Li WANG Yao LI Ding Ding YI Qiao Lian XU Ying Chun Department of laboratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Beijing Key laboratory for Mechanisms Research and Precision Diagnosis of Invasive fungal Diseases Beijing 100730China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of causative microorganisms recovered from patients with intra-abdominal infections(IAIs).Methods A total of 2,926 bacterial and fungal strains were identified in samples collected from 1,679 patients with IAIs at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2011 and *** bacteria and fungi were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass *** susceptibility testing(AST)was performed using the VITEK 2 compact system and the Kirby–Bauer *** results were interpreted based on the M100-Ed31 clinical breakpoints of the Clinical and laboratory Standards *** Of the 2,926 strains identified,49.2%,40.8%,and 9.5%were gram-negative bacteria,gram-positive bacteria,and fungi,*** coli was the most prevalent pathogen in intensive care unit(ICU)and non-ICU patients;however,a significant decrease was observed in the isolation of *** between 2011 and ***,significant decreases were observed between 2011 and 2021 in the levels of extended-spectrumβ-lactamase(ESBL)-producing ***(from 76.9%to 14.3%)and Klebsiella pneumoniae(from 45.8%to 4.8%).Polymicrobial infections,particularly those involving co-infection with gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria,were commonly observed in IAI ***,Candida albicans was more commonly isolated from hospital-associated IAI samples,while Staphylococcus epidermidis had a higher ratio in community-associated ***,AST results revealed that most antimicrobial agents performed better in non-ESBL-producers than in ESBL-producers,while the overall resistance rates(56.9%–76.8%)of Acinetobacter baumanmii were higher against all antimicrobial agents than those of other common gram-negative ***,Enterococcus faecium,Enterococcus faecalis,***,and *** were consistently found to be susceptible to vancomycin

关键词： Intra-abdominal infection Causative microorganisms Antimicrobial susceptibility testing Gram-negative bacteria Gram-positive bacteria