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Diverse responses of fungal functional groups to desertification in forest soils of Pinus densata on the Chinese Tibetan plateau

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 120-130页

作者： Jiani Hua Jiangbao Zhang Baohan Song Tianyi Wang Jingji Li Nan Yang Lingfeng Mao Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Laboratory of Biodiversity and ConservationCollege of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing Forestry University210037 NanjingPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Ecological Resources and Landscape Architecture Chengdu University of Technology610059 ChengduPeople’s Republic of China

Rapid increase in desertification is an environ-mental concern,especially for the health and sustainabil-ity of ecosystems in changing *** ecosystems respond to such changes may be partially understood by studying interactions and performance of critically impor-tant groups such as soil fungi functional *** study investigated variations in diversities of three soil fungi functional guilds(saprotrophic,symbiotic,pathogenic)and influencing abiotic factors in a Pinus densata forest on the southeast Tibetan Plateau where desertification is *** results indicate desertification significantly decreased the proportion of dominant fungal guild-symbiotic fungi(mean relative abundance decreasing from 97.0%to 68.3%),in contrast to saprotrophic fungi(increasing from 2.7%to 25.7%)and pathogenic(from 0.3%to 5.9%).Soil pH had the most significant impact on fungal community structure and negatively correlated with symbiotic fungal richness,which was significantly lower in arid soils,and positively correlated with saprotrophic and pathogenic fungal alpha-diversity,which were *** community struc-tures and regulators of the three fungi communities were observed,with pH,total phosphorus and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))as the main *** study links the biotic and abi-otic components during desertification and the interactions between them,and may be used as indicators of ecosystem health and for amendments to mitigate the effects of a chang-ing climate.

关键词： Desertification fungal diversity Saprotrophs Ectomycorrhizal fungi Climate change

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Rubber-based agroforestry systems modify the soil fungal composition and function in Southwest China

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第3期6卷 97-107页

作者： Zhenyu Hong Xinai Li Debao Li Jianping Wu Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of BiodiversitySchool of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Dali University Dali 671003China

Rubber-based agroforestry systems have been recognized as a practical and sustainable solution to promote the development of agriculture and the ***,interactions between fungal communities and these systems are still not sufficiently *** this study,we compared the abundance,diversity,and community composition of soil fungi in four treatments,including rubber monoculture and three rubber-based agroforestry treatments involving intercropping with Camellia sinensis,Coffea liberica,and Theobroma *** results revealed that the community composition exhibited significant variation between the four different treatments,while the overall soilα-diversity was relatively stable across all *** pH and soil organic carbon were significantly related to the structure of the fungal *** particular,the complexity of the functional fungal network increased in response to agroforestry treatments,promoting beneficial fungi and suppressing certain plant *** results suggest that rubber-based agroforestry systems can promote the health of soil microbial community composition,and therefore provide an effective approach to enhancing soil quality.

关键词： agroforestry system with intercropping rubber monoculture fungal community fungal function tropical forest

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biodiversity of Edible Caterpillars of Imbrasia and Host Plants in Boukoko (Central African Republic)

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第1期12卷 38-55页

作者： Lucie Aba-Toumnou Solange-Patrica Wango Denis Beina Jean-Pierre Moalbaye Gorgon Igor Touckia Rufin Reo-Ndouba Felix Allah-Barem Olga Diane Yongo Laboratory of Biological and Agronomical Sciences for Development Faculty of Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology and biodiversity University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Center of Studies and Research on Pharmacopoeia and Traditional African Medicine (CERPHAMETA) University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Plant and fungal biodiversity Laboratory Faculty of Science University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Higher Institute for Rural Development (ISDR) University of Bangui Mba&iumlki Central African Republic Central African Republic Institute of Agriculture Research Bangui Central African Republic

In Central African Republic, edible caterpillars of Imbrasia gender are income of rural populations, present an opportunity to improve food security and belonging to the category of Non-wood forest products. The goal of this study is to document the ecology of caterpillars of genre Imbrasia in relation to its host plants in Boukoko. The questionnaire was addressed to the actors of the collection and consumption of caterpillars in this Commune, to their local knowledge concerning this food resource as well as the plants of their locality on which caterpillars are collected. The survey took place in September to October 2022 and as a general rule, the 120 respondents were elderly people whose age range varied from 35 to 70 years old. Plant samples are collected in their natural environment. Based on local names;herbaria are mounted, plants photographed and samples collected. The types of edible caterpillars have been inventoried in the field in collaboration with the local populations who consume them. Based on local names, the caterpillars are captured manually from morphological traits and then stored in bottles containing 70% ethanol. The specimens were identified. The data was entered into the Excel spreadsheet which also made it possible to produce histograms with the frequencies of the plant species most valued by the different caterpillars. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was then performed using R software to highlight the correlation between caterpillars and host plants. The main economic importance trees hosting edible caterpillars of Imbrasia gender in Boukoko region are: Entandrophragma cylindricum, Pentaclethra macrophylla, Maesopsis eminii, Albizia ferruginea, Macaranga spinosa, Amphimas ferrugineus, Pentaclethra macrophylla, Racosperma auriculiforme, Eribroma oblonga. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) carried out to assess the variability between the different species of caterpillars according to their host plants shows that the first two axes

关键词： Forest Degradation Losing biodiversity of Consumed Insects Local Population

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Guardian of the rice:Unveiling OsSSP1 for broad-spectrum disease resistance

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 996-998页

作者： You-Jin Lim Yong-Hwan Lee Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics Center for Fungal Genetic ResourcesPlant Immunity Research Centerand Center for Plant Microbiome ResearchSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Plants are continuously exposed to numerous biotic stresses throughout their *** arms race-driven coevolution with pathogens,plants have developed sophisticated immune systems,including pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity(PTI)and effector-triggered immunity(ETI).PTI is initiated by the binding of danger signals to extracellular membrane-localized receptors calledpattern recognition receptors(PRRs).PTI triggers responses,including reactive oxygen species(ROS)bursts and the expression of defenseassociated ***,pathogens adapted to PTl secrete virulence proteins,effectors,to aid colonization,and ETl is then triggered by the recognition of these effectors by resistance proteins with a nucleotide-binding domain leucinerich repeat receptor(NLR).To circumvent this immune response,pathogens secrete various effectors into the host intracellular region and induce effector-triggered susceptibility(Zhou and Zhang.,2020).Currently,research on plant immunity has been primarily focused on plasma membrane and cytoplasmlocalized proteins,including oligomeric NLRs,resistosomes,and the secretion mechanisms of cytoplasmic effectors.

关键词： immunity resistance Guard

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Changes in Soil Physicochemical Properties under Selected Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices in Central African Republic

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第1期14卷 97-114页

作者： Julie Léancy Gougodo De Mon-Zoni Arnauld Dave Bangane Konzoba Jane Akoth Omenda Mohammad Zaman Ephrem Kosh-Komba Plant and fungal biodiversity Laboratory Faculty of Sciences University of Bangui Central African Republic Central African Institute for Agricultural Research (ICRA) Bangui Central African Republic Laboratoiry of Geoscience Faculty of Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Departement of Water & Agricultural Resources Management University of Embu Embu Kenya International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Vienna Austria Laboratory of Biological and Agronomical Sciences for Development Faculty of Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Soil nutrient depletion as a result of continuous cultivation with insufficient external nutrient replenishment is a major challenge in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). A trial using the organic and mineral fertilizer was established in the cassava cropping system of the Pissa and Damara areas to address the declining soil fertility. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of cow manure and mineral fertilizer in combination or sole application on soil physico-chemical properties and macronutrients. The experimental trial adopted a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated four times. The treatments comprised of;T1 (Control), T2 (Peasant practice), T3 (sole NPK), and T4 (Cow manure + NPK). The data on soil physicochemical analysis was subjected to a one-way analysis of variance in SAS 9.4 and the mean was separated by Tukey’s HSD test at p < 0.005. The soil pH values ranged from 4.20 to 4.91;and 4.53 to 5.28 in Pissa and Damara respectively. According to the treatments, a low pH value is observed in T3 (4.13) in the Pissa. Combined use of cow manure and the mineral fertilizer resulted in higher Mg K and N in the Pissa region and higher soil pH in Damara. The use of sole NPK (T3) gave a higher soil carbon and CN ratio. In the Pissa region the CEC, Cu, Fe, and Zn were higher in the treatments with mineral fertilizer compared to the control. Conclusively, the use of mineral fertilizer and cow manure can be used with optimum rates to improve soil physico-chemical properties on a sustainable basis.

关键词： Cow Manure Physicochemical Nutrients Agroecology Nutrient Management

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Novel umami peptides from two Termitomyces mushrooms and molecular docking to the taste receptor T1R1/T1R3

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 1055-1064页

作者： Lanyun Zhang Li Zhang Jesus Pérez-Moreno Lu Bin Fengming Zhang Fuqiang Yu The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green DevelopmentKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China College of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China College of Food Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Colegio Postgraduados Campus MontecilloEdafologíaTexcoco 56230México Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Use in the Southwest Mountains of China Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China

Wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms are popular in Southwest China and umami is important flavor qualities of edible *** study aimed to understand the umami taste of Termitomyces intermedius and Termitomyces *** umami peptides from aqueous extracts were separated using a Sephadex G-15 gel filtration *** intense umami fraction was evaluated by both sensory evaluation and electronic *** were identified as KLNDAQAPK,DSTDEKFLR,VGKGAHLSGEH,MLKKKKLA,SLGFGGPPGY,TVATFSSSTKPDD,AMDDDEADLLLLAM,VEDEDEKPKEK,SPEEKKEEET and *** peptides,except VEDEDEKPKEK,SPEEKKEEET and PEGADKPNK were selectively synthesized to verify their taste *** these 10 peptides had umami or salt *** 10 peptides were conducted by molecular docking to study their interaction with identified peptides and the umami taste receptor T1R1/*** these 10 peptides perfectly docked the active residues in the T1R3 *** results provide theoretical basis for the umami taste and address the umami mechanism of two wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms.

关键词： Termitomyces Non-volatile flavor compounds Umami peptides Taste characteristics Molecular docking

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Phylogeny of the industrial relevant,thermophilic genera Myceliophthora and Corynascus

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fungal Diversity 2012年第1期52卷 197-207页

作者： Joost van den Brink Robert A.Samson Ferry Hagen Teun Boekhout Ronald P.de Vries CBS-KNAW fungal biodiversity Centre P.O.Box 851673508 AD UtrechtThe Netherlands

Species of the genus Myceliophthora and its teleomorph Corynascus have attracted increasing interest due to their potential to produce thermostable *** study re-assessed the phylogenetic relationship of 49 isolates of nine species belonging to Myceliophthora and *** species,***,was shown not to belong to the genus Myceliophthora and should be placed in the genus *** other species belonged to two phylogenetic clusters:mesophilic fungi with the type species *** and ***,and thermophilic fungi with ***,*** and *** phylogenetic data provides no clear separation of the two genera Corynascus and *** avoid confusion in future taxonomic studies,it is proposed that all existing Corynascus species be renamed to Myceliophthora,which is the old name and the one more frequently ***,this study identified two groups within the isolates listed as *** and assigned one group(five isolates)to *** based on AFLP analysis and mating *** study provides new insights into the genetic differences within the genus Myceliophthora and will therefore be essential for the interpretation of future genomic and physiological studies of these species.

关键词： Myceliophthora Corynascus Thermophiles M.heterothallica M.thermophila.Thermophilic fungi Multigene phylogeny AFLP analysis Mating behavior

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Functional genomics in the rice blast fungus to unravel the fungal pathogenicity

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第10期9卷 747-752页

作者： Junhyun JEON Jaehyuk CHOI Jongsun PARK Yong-Hwan LEE Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Center for Fungal Genetic Resources and Center for Agricultural BiomaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-921Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Center for Fungal Genetic Resourcesand Center for Agricultural BiomaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-921Korea

A rapidly growing number of successful genome sequencing projects in plant pathogenic fungi greatly increase the demands for tools and methodologies to study fungal pathogenicity at genomic scale. Magnaporthe oryzae is an economically important plant pathogenic fungus whose genome is fully sequenced. Recently we have reported the development and application of functional genomics platform technologies in M. oryzae. This model approach would have many practical ramifications in design and implementation of upcoming functional genomics studies of filamentous fungi aimed at understanding fungal pathogenicity.

关键词： Functional genomics Magnaporthe oryzae Plant pathogenic fungus Pathogenicity Rice blast

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Mountain tips as reservoirs for new rock-fungal entities: Saxomyces gen. nov. and four new species from the Alps

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fungal Diversity 2014年第2期65卷 167-182页

作者： L.Selbmann D.Isola E.Egidi L.Zucconi C.Gueidan G.S.de Hoog S.Onofri DEB Universitàdegli Studi della TusciaLargo dell’UniversitàViterboItaly Division of Genomic&Microbial Diversity Department of Life SciencesNatural History MuseumCromwell roadSW75BD LondonUK CBS-KNAW fungal biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtThe Netherlands

As part of a worldwide sampling nine black fungi were isolated from rocks collected in four distinct sites of the Alps at high *** on a nucSSU,nucLSU and mtSSU multi-locus phylogeny,seven of them were found to cluster into a distinct and wellsupported clade in a basal position within the Class *** in other rock fungi these new groups of isolates were characterized by a meristematic growth and a scarcely differentiated morphology with highly melanized and thick-walled toruloid ***,few peculiar characters were also observed as convoluted hyphal tips and the production of spherical *** new genus and species Saxomyces alpinus and ***,are here described based on morphological and molecular data,in a yet to be defined order of the *** remaining two black fungi clustered in Cryomyces,a genus previously exclusively found in rocks from the McMurdo Dry Valleys in *** two isolates were genetically distant from other Antarctic Cryomyces species based on ITS sequences,and they showed a peculiar morphology;they are here described as the new species *** and *** of our results on the evolution,adaptation and dispersal of rock-inhabiting fungi under extreme conditions are discussed.

关键词： Microcolonial fungi Dothideomycetes Extremotolerance Multilocus phylogeny

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Ecology and phylogeny of black yeast-like fungi: diversity in unexplored habitats

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fungal Diversity 2014年第2期65卷 1-2页

作者： G.S.de Hoog Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures KNAW Fungal Biodiversity CentreP.O.Box 851673508 AD UtrechtThe Netherlands

The known biodiversity of black yeasts and their allies has exploded over the last *** even applies to medically significant genera such as Exophiala and Cladophialophora,where the number of accepted species has grown since the 1990s of the previous century from 9 to 44 and from 5 to 34,respectively.A first source of change no doubt is dissection of many supposed ubiquitous generalists into series of narrowly circumscribed molecular siblings,which often appear to be specialists with ecological preferences differing significantly between *** early example of subdivision of classical species in black yeasts,using DNA homology techniques,concerned Exophiala *** of its siblings today is known to be a biofilm former in drinking water networks,while *** sensu stricto is thus far only known from subcutaneous infections in humans.

关键词： habitat phylogeny black

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