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Impacts of climate change and human activities on vegetation dynamics on the Mongolian Plateau, East Asia from 2000 to 2023

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第8期16卷 1062-1079页

作者： YAN Yujie CHENG Yiben XIN Zhiming ZHOU Junyu ZHOU Mengyao WANG Xiaoyu School of soil and water conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China experimental Center of Desert Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryDengkou 015200China Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research station National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationDengkou 015200China

The Mongolian Plateau in East Asia is one of the largest contingent arid and semi-arid areas of the *** the impacts of climate change and human activities,desertification is becoming increasingly severe on the Mongolian *** the vegetation dynamics in this region can better characterize its ecological *** this study,based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)images,we calculated the kernel normalized difference vegetation index(kNDVI)on the Mongolian Plateau from 2000 to 2023,and analyzed the changes in kNDVI using the Theil-Sen median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall significance *** further investigated the impact of climate change on kNDVI change using partial correlation analysis and composite correlation analysis,and quantified the effects of climate change and human activities on kNDVI change by residual *** results showed that kNDVI on the Mongolian Plateau was increasing overall,and the vegetation recovery area in the southern region was significantly larger than that in the northern *** 50.99%of the plateau showed dominant climate-driven effects of temperature,precipitation,and wind speed on kNDVI *** analysis showed that climate change and human activities together contributed to 94.79%of the areas with vegetation *** human activities promoted the recovery of local vegetation,and climate change inhibited vegetation growth in the northern part of the Mongolian *** study provides scientific data for understanding the regional ecological environment status and future changes and developing effective ecological protection measures on the Mongolian Plateau.

关键词： kernel normalized difference vegetation index(kNDVI) human activities climate change partial correlation analysis composite correlation analysis residual analysis Mongolian Plateau

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The underlying mechanism of variety–water–nitrogen–stubble damage interactions on yield formation in ratoon rice with low stubble height under mechanized harvesting

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 806-823页

作者： Jingnan Zou Ziqin Pang Zhou Li Chunlin Guo Hongmei Lin Zheng Li Hongfei Chen Jinwen Huang Ting Chen Hailong Xu Bin Qin Puleng Letuma Weiwei Lin Wenxiong Lin College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(FAFU)/Fujian Key Laboratory for Agroecological Processes and Safety MonitoringFuzhou 350002China College of Agriculture FAFU/Fujian Key Laboratory for Crop Physiology and Molecular EcologyFuzhou 350002China Institute of Oceanography College of Geography and OceanographyMinjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China Crop Science Department The National University of LesothoRoma 00100Lesotho The Agricultural Extension station of Pucheng County Nanping 353400China

Agronomic measures are the key to promote the sustainable development of ratoon rice by reducing the damage from mechanical crushing to the residual stubble of the main crop, thereby mitigating the impact on axillary bud sprouting and yield formation in ratoon rice. This study used widely recommended conventional rice Jiafuzhan and hybrid rice Yongyou 2640 as the test materials to conduct a four-factor block design field experiment in a greenhouse of the experimental farm of fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, China from 2018 to *** treatments included fertilization and no fertilization, alternate wetting and drying irrigation and continuous water flooding irrigation, and plots with and without artificial crushing damage on the rice stubble. At the same time, a 13C stable isotope in-situ detection technology was used to fertilize the pot experiment. The results showed significant interactions among varieties, water management, nitrogen application and stubble *** to the long-term water flooding treatment, the treatment with sequential application of nitrogen fertilizer coupled with moderate field drought for root-vigor and tiller promotion before and after harvesting of the main crop, significantly improved the effective tillers from low position nodes. This in turn increased the effective panicles per plant and grains per panicle by reducing the influence of artificial crushing damage on rice stubble and achieving a high yield of the regenerated rice. Furthermore, the partitioning of 13C assimilates to the residual stubble and its axillary buds were significantly improved at the mature stage of the main crop, while the translocation rate to roots and rhizosphere soil was reduced at the later growth stage of ratooning season rice. This was triggered by the metabolism of hormones and polyamines at the stem base regulated by the interaction of water and fertilizer at this time. We therefore suggest that to achieve a high yield of ratoon rice

关键词： mechanized harvesting ratoon rice rice stubble yield attributes

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Developing a new red band- SEVI-blue band (RSB) enhancement method for recognition the extra-high-voltage transmission line corridor in green mountains

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 806-824页

作者： Hong Jiang Yong Zhang Jinglan Lin Xiaogan Zheng Hui Yue Yunzhi Chen Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining&Information Sharing of Ministry of Education National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Satellite Geospatial Information TechnologyAcademy of Digital China(Fujian)Fuzhou UniversityFuzhouPeople’s Republic of China fujian soil and water conservation experimental station FuzhouPeople’s Republic of China Lab of Live Working Tech for Power Transmission Fuzhou Power Supply Company of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co.Ltd.FuzhouPeople’s Republic of China fujian(Changting)soil and water conservation Research Center Soil and Water Conservation Center of Changting CountyLongyanPeople’s Republic of China

Monitoring the extra-high-voltage transmission line corridor(EHVTLC)in mountains is critical for safe smart-grid ***,the transmission lines are so narrow that they are difficult to recognize using multispectral satellite images with a spatial resolution of 10 *** this study,we developed a new method using the red band–shadow-eliminated vegetation index(SEVI)–blue band(RSB)composite image to enhance the EHVTLC in green mountains(named RSB-enhancement method).Using this method,the EHVTLC becomes evident in the false-color synthesis of the RSB composite of the Sentinel-2 ***,we recognized and extracted approximately 342.45 km of the EHVTLC in a mountainous region of Fuzhou City,China,including a 46.73 km three-parallel-lane segment of 1000 kV and a 295.72 km two-parallel-lane segment of 500 *** analysis shows that the SEVI mean difference between the EHVTLC and the buffer zone reaches approximately 10%,and three landslides and 2.66 km^(2) soil erosion reside in the buffer zone which area is approximately 73.67 km^(2).Finally,the RSB-enhancement method can be used in other satellite images with spatial resolutions of greater than 10 m for enhancement and recognition the transmission line corridors in green mountains.

关键词： Enhancement method shadow-eliminated vegetation index(SEVI) transmission line lane(TLL) green mountains soil erosion

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Nutrient Loss from Various Land-Use Areas in Shixia Small watershed of Miyun County, Beijing, China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2003年第2期22卷 173-178页

作者：王晓燕王晓峰王振刚汪青平蔡新广 College of Resource Environment & Tourism Capital Normal University soil/water conservation station of Miyun County

In the Shixia small watershed, twenty experimental plots and two monitoring channels, the residential area and livestock areas were used to monitor the flow, runoff and erosion. Nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations associated with various land uses were analyzed at the same time. The results are presented as follows: (1) TP, TN and COD concentrations of runoff samples in the residential area and livestock areas are nearly 10 times those in other land-use areas. High nutrient loads are associated with village land use, which is due to unsuitable livestock rising. These areas should be treated as the critical areas of non-point source pollution. (2) Different land-use influences intensity the loss of nutrients, especially slope tillings in agricultural land. The amount of nutrient loss from agricultural land per unit is highest, that from forestry is intermediate and that from pastures is lowest. However, in consideration of the variability of land-use areas, agricultural land contributes the greatest to TP and forestry land to TN. (3) The concentrations of TN and TP in sediments from gangues are highest, those in forestry land are intermediate, and those in agricultural land are lowest. Nutrient loss from hilly areas is much greater than from mountainous areas.

关键词：土地利用类型氮磷营养损失北京农业用地土壤侵蚀

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Redistribution process of precipitation in ecological restoration activity of Pinus sylvestris *** in Mu Us Sandy Land,China

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International soil and water conservation Research 2023年第3期11卷 572-585页

作者： Yiben Cheng Hongbin Zhan Wenbin Yang Wei Feng Qi Lu Yunqi Wang Qunou Jiang Bin Wang Mingchang Shi Tao Wang Zhiming Xin Ruifang Hao School of soil and water conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Yanchi Research station School of Soil and Water ConservationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Jinyun Forest Ecosystem Research station School of Soil and Water ConservationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Geology and Geophysics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA Inner Mongolia Low Coverage Company Hohhot010000China Xilingol Vocational College Xilinhot026000China Desert Forestry experimental Center Chinese Academy of ForestryDengkou015200China

Precipitation is the most important water resource in semi-arid regions of *** redistribution of precipitation among atmospheric water,soil water and groundwater are related to the land surface afforested ecological *** study took widely replanted Pinus sylvestris ***(PSM)in Mu Us Sandy Land(MUSL)as a research object and monitored precipitation,soil moisture,sap flow,and deep soil recharge(DSR)to find out moisture distribution in shallow soil *** showed that the restoration process of PSM in MUSL changed the distribution of precipitation,with part of it infltrating downward as DsR and part of it being stored in the shallow ***,evapotranspiration increased and DsR significantly decreased,resulting in up to 466.9 mm of precipitation returning to the atmosphere through evapotranspiration in *** increased soil water storage(SwS)capacity,with maximum SWS in PSM plot and bare sandy land(BSL)being 260 mm and 197 mm per unit horizontal area,respectively in *** decreased from 54%of precipitation in the BSL plot to 0.2%of precipitation in the PSM plot in 2016.A great portion of infiltrated water was stored in the PSM ecosystem,resulting in a time lag of infiltration to reach the deep soil layer,and the infiltration rate in the BSL plot was 11 times of that in the PSM *** decreased 16 mm and 7.6 mm per unit horizontal area over a one-year period(from March to October,non-freezing time)in 2017 and 2019,*** PSM annual sap flow was maintained at a relatively constant level of 154 mm/*** in-situ measurement and comparative analysis of the precipitation redistribution of the BSL plot and the PSM plot,we find that PSM can significantly reduce the shallow soil water storage and ***,substantial reduction of shallow soil water storage and DsR is detrimental for the long-term development of PSM ***,it is necessary to reduce PSM density to cut the water consumption by PSM per un

关键词： Three North Shelterbelt project Mu us sandy land Pinus sylvestris varmongolica Precipitation redistribution Deep soil recharge

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Effects of Long-Term Winter Planted Green Manure on Distribution and Storage of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in water-Stable Aggregates of Reddish Paddy soil Under a Double-Rice Cropping System

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第8期13卷 1772-1781页

作者： YANG Zeng-ping ZHENG Sheng-xian NIE Jun LIAO Yu-lin XIE Jian soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Scientifi c Observing and experimental station of Arable Land conservation (Hunan) Ministry of Agriculture

In agricultural systems, maintenance of soil organic matter has long been recognized as a strategy to reduce soil degradation. Manure amendments and green manures are management practices that can increase some nutrient contents and improve soil aggregation. We investigated the effects of 28 yr of winter planted green manure on soil aggregate-size distribution and aggregateassociated carbon（C） and nitrogen（N）. The study was a randomized completed block design with three replicates. The treatments included rice-rice-fallow, rice-rice-rape, rice-rice-Chinese milk vetch and rice-rice-ryegrass. The experiment was established in 1982 on a silty light clayey paddy soil derived from Quaternary red clay（classified as Fe-Accumuli-Stagnic Anthrosols） with continuous early and late rice. In 2009, soil samples were collected（0-15 cm depth） from the field treatment plots and separated into water-stable aggregates of different sizes（i.e., 〉5, 2-5, 1-2, 0.5-1, 0.25-0.5 and 〈0.25 mm） by wet sieving. The long-term winter planted green manure significantly increased total C and N, and the formation of the 2-5-mm water-stable aggregate fraction. Compared with rice-rice-rape, rice-rice-Chinese milk vetch and rice-rice-ryegrass, the rice-rice-fallow significantly reduced 2-5-mm water-stable aggregates, with a significant redistribution of aggregates into micro-aggregates. Long-term winter planted green manure obviously improved C/N ratio and macro-aggregate-associated C and N. The highest contribution to soil fertility was from macro-aggregates of 2-5 mm in most cases.

关键词： green manure organic carbon reddish paddy soil total nitrogen water-stable aggregates

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A case study of spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture in the Loess Plateau,western China:A geostatistical approach

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2009年第1期24卷 63-73页

作者： BI Huaxing1,2,LI Xiaoyin3,LIU Xin3,GUO Mengxia3,and LI Jun3 1 Prof., College of soil and water conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China, Key Laboratory of soil and water conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China 2 Researcher, Ji-xian National Ecological station of China, Beijing 100083, China 3 Graduate student, College of soil and water conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China Prof. College of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating Ministry of Education Beijing 100083 China Researcher Ji-xian National Ecological Station of China Beijing 100083 China Graduate student College of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China

soil moisture distribution shows highly variation both spatially and temporally. This study assesses the spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture on a hill-slope scale in the Loess Plateau in West China by using a geostatistical approach. soil moisture was measured by time-domain reflectometry(TDR) in 313 samples. Two kinds of sampling scales were used(2 x 2 m and 20 x 20 m) at two soil layers(0-30 cm and 30-60 cm). The general characteristics of soil moisture were analyzed by a classical statistics method,and the spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture was analyzed using a geostatistical approach. The results showed that the spherical model is the best-fit model to simulate soil moisture on the experimental hill-slope. The parameters of this model indicated that the spatial dependence of soil moisture in the selected hill-slope was moderate. Even the 2 x 2 m sampling scale was too coarse to show the detailed spatial variances of soil moisture in this area. The dependent distance increased from 27.4 m to 494.16 m as the sampling scale became coarse(from 2 x 2 m to 20 x 20 m). A map of soil moisture was generated by using original soil moisture data and interpolated values determined by the Kriging method. The average soil moisture(area weighted) in the different layers of soil was calculated on the basis of this map(10.94% for the 0-30 cm soil layer,11.88% for the 30-60 cm soil layer). This average soil moisture is lower than the corresponding average effective soil moisture,which suggests that the soil moisture is not sufficient to support vegetation in this area.

关键词： Spatial heterogeneity soil moisture Geostatistics Loess Plateau of China

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Effects of grazing intensity on soil organic carbon of rangelands in Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia, China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2016年第11期26卷 1550-1560页

作者：谢芮吴秀芹 Yanchi Research station College of Soil and Water ConservationBeijing Forestry University fujian Surveying and Mapping Institute

Changes in soil organic carbon(SOC) in rangelands has been extensively investigated. Grazing in outlying rangeland areas has caused severe impacts on ecosystem functions. To reveal the effects of grazing on SOC, we evaluated the grassland in Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia, China. Grazing intensity was determined by using two image sets of vegetation index with normalized differences in grazing periods(July 12 th and 28th). The range of variation in vegetation index was then used to measure the grazing intensity. The SOC storage and density were obtained by conducting experiments on field soil samples. Results showed that 1) the grazing intensity in Xilin Gol League declined gradually from west to east; by contrast, the spatial distribution of SOC density increased gradually. 2) As grazing intensity increased, the carbon storage of rangeland decreased evidently. Minimum carbon storage was observed in grasslands classified under extreme overgrazing; by comparison, maximum values were found in areas classified under light overgrazing to moderate grazing. 3) The estimated soil carbon storage was 8.48 × 10^(11) kg, and the average carbon density was 4.08 kg/m^2. Our research demonstrated that grazing intensity likely affects soil carbon. Moderate grazing is an optimum strategy to maintain carbon storage and ensure sustainable grassland utilization.

关键词： grazing intensity MODIS soil carbon density carbon storage grassland

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Risk analysis for clustered check dams due to heavy rainfall

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第2期36卷 291-305页

作者： Zuyu Chen Xieping Huang Shu Yu Wei Cao Weiqin Dang Yangqiang Wang Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of water Cycle in River Basin China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Suide experimental station for soil and water conservation Yellow River Conservancy Commission Department of Hydraulic Engineering Tsinghua University

Check dams are commonly constructed around the world for alleviating soil erosion and preventing sedimentation of downstream rivers and reservoirs. Check dams are more vulnerable to failure due to their less stringent flood control standards compared to other dams. Determining the critical precipitation that will result in overtopping of a dam is a useful approach to assessing the risk of failure on a probabilistic basis and for providing early warning in case of an emergency. However, many check dams are built in groups, spreading in several tributaries in cascade forms, comprising a complex *** the critical precipitation for dam overtopping requires a knowledge of its upstream dams on whether they survived or were overtopped during the same storm, while these upstream dams in turn need the information for their upstream dams. The current paper presents an approach of decomposing the dam cluster into(1) the heading dam,(2) border dams, and(3) intermediate dams. The algorithm begins with the border dams that have no upstream dams and proceeds with upgraded maps without the previous border dams until all the dams have been checked. It is believed that this approach is applicable for small-scale check dam systems where the time lag of flood routing can be neglected. As a pilot study, the current paper presents the analytical results for the Wangmaogou Check Dam System that has 22 dams connected in series and parallel. The algorithm clearly identified 7 surviving dams, with the remaining ones being overtopped for a storm of 179.6 mm in 12 h, which is associated with a return period of one in 200 years.

关键词： Risk analysis Check dam Critical precipitation Cascade dams

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A new framework for GEOBIA: accurate individual plant extraction and detection using high-resolution RGB data from UAVs

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 2599-2622页

作者： Kaile Yang Zhangxi Ye Huan Liu Xiaoyu Su Chenhui Yu Houxi Zhang Riwen Lai College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350028People’s Republic of China University Key Lab for Geomatics Technology and Optimized Resources Utilization in fujian Province No.15 Shangxiadian RoadFuzhou350002FujianPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on soil and water conservation of Red soil Region in Southern China Fuzhou350002People’s Republic of China Cross-Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of soil and water conservation Fuzhou350002People’s Republic of China National Positioning Observation and Research station of Red soil Hill Ecosystem in Changting Fuzhou350002People’s Republic of China

Citrus(Citrus reticulata),which is an important economic crop worldwide,is often managed in a labor-intensive and inefficient manner in developing countries,thereby necessitating more rapid and accurate alternatives tofield surveys for improved crop *** this study,we propose a novel method for individual tree segmentation from unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing(RS)using a combination of geographic object-based image analysis(GEOBIA)and layer-adaptive Euclidean distance transformation-based watershed segmentation(LAEDT-WS).First,we use a GEOBIA support vector machine classifier that is optimized for features and parameters to identify the boundaries of citrus tree canopies accurately by generating mask ***,our LAEDT workflow separates connected canopies and facilitates the accurate segmentation of individual canopies using *** method exhibited an F1-score improvement of 10.75%compared to the traditional WS method based on the canopy height ***,it achieved 0.01%and 1.38%higher F1-scores than the state-of-the-art deep learning detection networks YOLOX and YOLACT,respectively,on the test *** method can be extended to detect larger-scale or more complex structured crops or economic plants by introducing morefinely detailed and transferable RS images,such as high-resolution or LiDAR-derived images,to improve the mask base map.

关键词： Crop management unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing watershed segmentation geographic object-based image analysis

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