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Plume dynamics and dispersion characteristics in oil horizontal release from damaged submarine pipeline

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第5期28卷 1214-1224页

作者： Jun Zhang Hongzhou He Shaohui Yang fujian Province key laboratory of energy Cleaning utilization and Development Xiamen 361021China key laboratory of Ocean Renewable energy Equipment School of Mechanical EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamen 361021China

The dynamics model of plume for underwater oil spill is improved by considering the drag force of the *** comparisons between prediction and experiment show that the improved model is *** improved model combining the Lagrangian random walk method is used to simulate the entire oil transport process from release exit to water surface in underwater oil horizontal release and some new results are ***,the release rate,the current velocity and its direction have evident influence on plume *** plume length increases as release flow rate *** small oil release rate,the plume length is very short so that the plume stage can be ignored due to the small initial *** the oil release in direction is the same as the current,the current will play a positive role in the plume motion and the plume will therefore extend a longer *** this case,the greater the current velocity is,the longer the plume extension length will *** when the oil release in direction is opposite to the current,the plume first moves forward and then is reversed to move along the opposite *** position of the reversal point depends on the current velocity and the release ***,the release rate and the current velocity also have a significant effect on oil droplet *** small oil release rate,the oil distribution area is narrow and the concentration near upper side of droplets moving path is relatively *** the release rate or current velocity increases,the oil droplet diffusion area expands away from the release ***,the movement characteristics of oil droplets in the plume and diffusion stages will affect the time and location for oil droplets reaching the *** a small release rate as well as a small current velocity,the time for oil droplet reaching surface is very short and the horizontal position reaching surface is closer to release *** this case,the time spent in the plume stage is extremely s

关键词： Submarine pipeline Plume dynamics Dispersion characteristics Simulation

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Metal chloride influence on syngas component during coal pyrolysis in fixed-bed and entrained flow drop-tube furnace

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第11期62卷 2029-2037页

作者： SUNEL Kumar HE Yong WANG ZhiHua LIU LongLong ZHU YanQun CEN Kefa State key laboratory of Clean energy utilization Zhejiang University

Pyrolysis was carried out in an entrained flow drop-tube furnace（DTF） and tube furnace（TF） using Pingzhuang lignite coal with various catalyst concentrations（2 wt%, 4 wt%, and 6 wt%） of KCl and CaCl2 for the syngas component at 800°C–1200°C. Five catalysts（KCl, CaCl2, NiCl2, MnCl2, and ZnCl2） at 6 wt% were chosen for DTF at 800°C–1200°C. An online gas chromatograph analyzer and the Fourier transform infrared spectra were used for the analysis of the syngas and char structure. Results showed that the overall CO2 and CH4 content in DTF was lower than that in TF, mainly due to the CH4 carbon reaction at high temperature. Moreover, the CO% in DTF was higher than in the TF experiment, as char reacts with carbon dioxide to form carbon monoxide. In DTF experiment, the maximum and minimum CO2 content was 15.20% with 6 wt% Mn at 800°C and 0.33% with 6 wt% K at 1100°C, respectively. The maximum CO% was found in raw coal. Concentrations of Mn2+, Zn2+, and K+can significantly increase H2%, whereas Ca2+ and Ni2+ have a minor effect on H2%; however, the overall presence of catalyst has a positive impact on the H2 content.

关键词： coal pyrolysis catalytic mechanisms Fourier transform infrared analysis syngas composition calorific value

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Residual fluoride self-activated effect enabling upgraded utilization of recycled graphite anode

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 24-31,I0002页

作者： Shuzhe Yang Qingqing Gao Yukun Li Hongwei Cai Xiaodan Li Gaoxing Sun Shuxin Zhuang Yujin Tong Hao Luo Mi Lu School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiamen University of TechnologyXiamen 361024FujianChina Faculty of Physics University of Duisburg-EssenDuisburg D-47057Germany

Recycling graphite anode from spent lithium-ion batteries(SLIBs)is regarded as a crucial approach to promoting sustainable energy storage ***,the recycled graphite(RG)generally presents degraded structure and ***,the residual fluoride self-activated effect is proposed for the upgraded utilization of *** and low-energy water immersion treatment not only widens the interlayer spacing,but also retains appropriate fluoride on the surface of *** analysis and experiments demonstrate that the residual fluoride can optimize Li~+migration and deposition kinetics,resulting in better Li~+intercalation/deintercalation in the interlayer and more stable Li metal plating/stripping on the surface of RG,As a result,the designed LFP||RG full cells achieve ultrahigh reversibility(~100%Coulombic efficiency),high capacity retention(67%after 200 cycles,0.85 N/P ratio),and commendable adaptability(stable cycling without short-circuiting,0.15 N/P ratio).The energy density is improved from 334 Wh kg^(-1)of 1.1 N/P ratio to 367 Wh kg^(-1)of 0.85 N/P ratio(total mass based on cathode and anode).The exploration of RG by residual fluoride self-activated effect achieves upgraded utilization beyond fresh commercial graphite and highlights a new strategy for efficient reuse of SLIBs.

关键词： Spent lithium-ion batteries Recycled graphite anode Fluoride Self-activated effect Upgraded utilization

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Comparative transcriptome analysis of Phascolosoma esculenta under different salinities

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2020年第6期5卷 323-330页

作者： Xiangyang Lin Suzhen Deng Xiande Liu Chenhui Zhong Kun Qiao Leibin Li key laboratory of Cultivation and high-value utilization of Marine Organisms in fujian Province Fisheries Research Institute of FujianXiamen361013China fujian Provincial key laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment Fisheries CollegeJimei UniversityXiamen361021China

Salinity is an important parameter that influences the developmental progress of aquatic *** larvae of Phascolosoma esculenta developed into the early stage trochosphere,the late stage trochosphere and the early stage pelagosphere in the low-salinity group(15),the middle group(22.5)and the high-salinity group(30),respectively,after being incubated for 50 h,according to morphological *** results showed that high salinity could accelerate the cellular development of *** elucidate the molecular mechanism of larval development of *** under different salinities,we performed transcriptome analysis of the larvae in *** transcriptome libraries of *** larvae were constructed,i.e.,the low-salinity group(A1,A2 and A3),the middle group(B1,B2 and B3)and the high-salinity group(C1,C2 and C3),and each group with three *** nine paired-end libraries were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 *** total,57.63 Gb clean data were obtained and de novo assembled into 320,527 unigenes with mean lengths of 482.62 bp and N50 of 529 bp.A total of 249,162 unigenes were significantly matched to known unique *** gene ontology(GO)annotation and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)were used to determine the regulation pathways and candidate genes that are associated with the process of larval development.A total number of 12,811,16,991 and 1735 transcripts were identified as differentially expressed genes(DEGs)from the comparison of A vs.B,A vs.C,and B vs.C,*** these differentially expressed genes,many DEGs that were upregulated in the high-salinity group were involved in the function that controls the larval development of ***,such as the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and ECM-receptor *** addition,the results of the transcriptome analysis were verified by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).After morphological observation and transcriptome analysis,we th

关键词： Phascolosoma esculenta Salinity Larval development Transcriptome qRT-PCR

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Plant-leaf-inspired MXene-silk composite for intelligent solar steam generation combined with mechanical actuation

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 7792-7800页

作者： Yongqiang Qian Zhiling Luo Yi Wang Wei Zhang Luzhuo Chen fujian Provincial key laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and new energy Materials College of Physics and EnergyFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced high-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering Fuzhou 350117China fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Solar energy Conversion and energy Storage Fuzhou 350117China

Solar steam generators based on photothermal materials are important in producing fresh ***,conventional solar steam generators are difficult to self-adapt to the complex external environment as ***,inspired by the plant leaf,we propose a photothermal composite based on MXene and silk to add more *** one hand,the composite achieves an evaporation rate of 1.51 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1)and a conversion efficiency of 86.9%under a solar intensity of 1 kW·m^(−2),mimicking the water transpiration of plant *** the other hand,the MXene-silk-based actuator shows a maximum bending curvature of 0.91 cm^(−1)under a solar intensity of 5 kW·m^(−2).Furthermore,an intelligent solar system is constructed utilizing the synergy of solar steam generator and actuator,which advances the research from the material level to the system *** the behavior of plant leaf,the system can automatically open during the day to generate steam and fresh *** at night or in bad weather,it will automatically close to prevent external pollution such as dust,achieving intelligent *** research will have good application prospects in less developed ***,it also provides a certain reference value for exploring multi-functional photothermal devices in the future.

关键词： MXene silk solar steam generator photothermal actuator multi-functional

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Characterization of pyrolytic lignins with different activities obtained from bio-oil

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第3期25卷 324-329页

作者： Furong Leng Yurong Wang Junhao Chen Shurong Wang Jinsong Zhou Zhongyang Luo State key laboratory of Clean energy utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Pyrolytic lignin, the water-insoluble fraction in bio-oil, often shows a high content and has strong intermolecular interactions with other compounds in bio-oil. In order to obtain pure pyrolytic lignin and facilitate the utilization of aqueous phase obtained from water extraction of bio-oil, methanol–water extraction method was employed to further separate the bio-oil water-insoluble phase in this paper. Different technologies, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and nuclear magnetic resonance, were adopted to characterize the structures of pyrolytic lignins with different activities obtained through this method. Both the heating value and the polymerization degree of high-molecular-weight pyrolytic lignin were higher than those of low-molecular-weight pyrolytic lignin. The molecular weight distribution of high-molecular-weight pyrolytic lignin was relatively wider, among which the contents of dimers to pentamers all accounted for 12% –18%,while the low-molecular-weight pyrolytic lignin mainly consisted of trimers(75.38%). The pyrolytic lignins had similar basic structures, both of which contained syringyl and guaiacyl units, whereas the low-molecular-weight pyrolytic lignin had more abundant syringyl units, reactive carbonyl groups and hydroxyl groups. Meanwhile,thermogravimetric study revealed that the final char residue yield of low-molecular-weight pyrolytic lignin was lower than that of high-molecular-weight pyrolytic lignin.

关键词： Bio-oil Pyrolytic lignin Separation Characterization

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Constructing efficient bacterial cell factories to enable one-carbon utilization based on quantitative biology:A review

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Quantitative Biology 2024年第1期12卷 1-14页

作者： Yazhen Song Chenxi Feng Difei Zhou Zengxin Ma Lian He Cong Zhang Guihong Yu Yan Zhao Song Yang Xinhui Xing School of Life Sciences Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycologyand Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing BiogasQingdao AgriculturalUniversityQingdaoChina Department of Chemical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA key laboratory of Systems Bioengineering Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjinChina key laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate Schooland Insttute of Biomedical Health Technology and EngineeringShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenChina

Developing methylotrophic cell factories that can efficiently catalyze organic one-carbon(C1)feedstocks derived from electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide into bio-based chemicals and biofuels is of strategic significance for building a carbon-neutral,sustainable economic and industrial *** the rapid advancement of RNA sequencing technology and mass spectrometer analysis,researchers have used these quantitative microbiology methods extensively,especially isotope-based metabolic flux analysis,to study the metabolic processes initiating from C1 feedstocks in natural C1-utilizing bacteria and synthetic C1 *** paper reviews the use of advanced quantitative analysis in recent years to understand the metabolic network and basic principles in the metabolism of natural C1-utilizing bacteria grown on methane,methanol,or *** acquired knowledge serves as a guide to rewire the central methylotrophic metabolism of natural C1-utilizing bacteria to improve the carbon conversion efficiency,and to engineer non-C1-utilizing bacteria into synthetic strains that can use C1 feedstocks as the sole carbon and energy *** progresses ultimately enhance the design and construction of highly efficient C1-based cell factories to synthesize diverse high value-added *** integration of quantitative biology and synthetic biology will advance the iterative cycle of understand–design–build–testing–learning to enhance C1-based biomanufacturing in the future.

关键词： ^(13)C-metabolic flux analysis methylotrophic cell factories one-carbon feedstock quantitative biology

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Numerical analysis on shock-cylinder interaction using immersed boundary method

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2017年第9期60卷 1423-1432页

作者： LUO Kun LUO YuJuan JIN Tai FAN JianRen State key laboratory of Clean energy utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

The problem of shock interaction with a rigid circular cylinder has been investigated using a compressible immersed boundary method coupled with high-order weighted-essentially non-oscillatory(WENO) ***,the accuracy of the developed code is ***,influences of the incident shock Mach number on the flow-field structure and dynamic drag coefficient,as well as time evolution of the flow field are *** different shock Mach number,the flow structure shows very different *** a given dimensionless time,both the normalized shock detachment distance and the normalized vertical distance from the highest point of the primary reflected shock to the centerline of the cylinder decreases with increasing shock Mach ***,location of the upper triple point varies non-monotonically with shock Mach *** a case with given shock Mach number,the trajectory of the upper triple point and the time evolution of the normalized vertical distance from the highest point of the primary reflected shock to the centerline of the cylinder can both be predicted by linear ***,the time evolution of the normalized shock detachment distance is biased to be ***,time evolution of force exerted on the cylinder is quite unsteady for a case with given shock Mach number and given cylinder *** small shock Mach number,there exists a negative valley,and it disappears when the incident shock Mach number increases to a large value,e.g.,***,correlations to predict the occurrence of the peak drag and its value under different shock Mach numbers have been proposed.

关键词： shock-cylinder interaction immersed boundary method shock Mach number flow structure unsteady force

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Simulation of municipal solid waste gasification for syngas production in fixed bed reactors

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2010年第8期11卷 619-628页

作者： Chong CHEN Yu-qi JIN Jian-hua YAN Yong CHI State key laboratory of Clean energy utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

This study proposes a model of syngas production from municipal solid waste (MSW) gasification with air in fixed bed reactors. The model (using Aspen plus simulator) is used to predict the results of MSW gasification and to provide some process fundamentals concerning syngas production from MSW gasification. The effects of gasification temperature, air equiva- lence ratio and moisture concentration on the composition of syngas, lower heating value (LHV) of syngas, heat conversion efficiency, and carbon conversion are discussed. The results indicate that higher temperature improves gasification, and higher air equivalence ratio increases the carbon conversion while decreasing syngas LHV. Heat conversion efficiency increases and reaches the maximum and then decreases with the increase of air equivalence ratio. higher moisture concentration increases the carbon conversion and increases the heat conversion efficiency at lower ratios. higher temperature and a lower equivalence ratio are favorable for obtaining a higher LHV of syngas at the same moisture concentration.

关键词： Municipal solid waste (MSW) Gasification Syngas Aspen plus Fixed bed

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Structural evolution of chars from biomass components pyrolysis in a xenon lamp radiation reactor

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第2期25卷 232-237页

作者： Haizhou Lin Shurong Wang Li Zhang Bin Ru Jinsong Zhou Zhongyang Luo State key laboratory of Clean energy utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

The structural evolution of the chars from pyrolysis of biomass components （cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin） in a xenon lamp radiation reactor was investigated. The elemental composition analysis showed that the C content increased at the expense of H and O contents during the chars formation. The values of AH/C/ZSO/c for the formation of cellulose and hemicellulose chars were close to 2, indicating that dehydration was the dominant reaction. Meanwhile, the value was more than 3 for lignin char formation, suggesting that the occurrence of demethoxylation was prevalent. FTIR and XRD analyses further disclosed that the cellulose pyrolysis needed to break down the stable crystal structure prior to the severe depolymerization. As for hemicellulose and lignin pyrolysis, the weak branches and linkages decomposed firstly, followed by the major decomposition. After the devolatilization at the main pyrolysis stage, the three components encountered a slow carbonization process to form condensed aromatic chars. The SEM results showed that the three components underwent different devolatilization behaviors, which induced various surface mornhologies of the chars.

关键词： Biomass componentsPyrolysisCharStructural characterization

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