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Small mammal community composition impacts bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) population dynamics and associated seroprevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 52-65页

作者： Felicitas Maria BUJNOCH Daniela REIL Stephan DREWES Ulrike MROSENFELD Rainer G.ULRICH Jens JACOB Christian IMHOLT Julius Kühn-institute Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Epidemiology and Pathogen DiagnosticsRodent ResearchMünsterGermany University of Münster Institute for Evolution and BiodiversityMünsterGermany friedrich-loeffler-institut Federal Research Institute for Animal HealthInstitute of Novel and Emerging Infectious DiseasesGreifswald-Insel RiemsGermany

Rodents are important reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens that cause diseases in *** is hypoth-esized to be closely related to pathogen prevalence through multiple direct and indirect *** example,the presence of non-host species can reduce contact rates of the main reservoir host and thus reduce the risk of transmission(“dilution effect”).In addition,an overlap in ecological niches between two species could lead to increased interspecific competition,potentially limiting host densities and reducing density-dependent pathogen transmission *** this study,we investigated the relative impact of population-level regulation of direct and indirect drivers of the prevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus(PUUV)in bank voles(Clethrionomys glareolus)during years with high *** compiled data on small mammal community composition from four regions in Germany between 2010 and *** equation modeling revealed a strong seasonality in PUUV control mechanisms in bank *** abundance of shrews tended to have a negative relationship with host abundance,and host abundance positively influenced PUUV seroprevalence,while at the same time increasing the abundance of competing non-hosts like the wood mouse(Apodemus sylvaticus)and the yellow-neckedfield mouse(Apodemusflavicollis)were associated with reduced PUUV seroprevalence in the *** results indicate that for PUUV in bank voles,dilution is associated with increased interspecific *** pressures leading to the decline of Apodemus *** a specific habitat could lead to the amplification of mechanisms promoting PUUV transmission within the host populations.

关键词： bank vole biodiversity Puumala orthohantavirus small mammals

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Like a G6-nal:transcriptional control of G-protein coupled receptors during oligodendroglial development

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2001-2002页

作者： Tim Aberle Michael Wegner* institut für Biochemie Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

Multilayered control of myelination:Quick,saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating *** the central nervous system,this role is taken up by *** are marked by the expression of the lineage determinants Sox10 and Olig2 and arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)during embryonal *** the majority of OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes when nearby axonal segments require myelination,a small subpopulation of OPCs persist as a progenitor ***,the timing of myelination and maintenance of the OPC pool both need to be precisely *** transcription factors either positively or negatively affect oligodendrocyte differentiation and maintenance of the OPC pool as components of a complex gene regulatory network(reviewed in Sock and Wegner,2021).Network activity is additionally influenced by extracellular signaling molecules that bind to receptors on the oligodendroglial cell surface and activate intracellular signaling *** the receptors are linked to the network is poorly understood so far,but pivotal to understanding the overall regulation of central nervous system(CNS)myelination in response to environmental *** insights were recently gained for Gpr37(Schmidt et al.,2024),a G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)with known relevance in differentiating oligodendrocytes(Yang et al,2016).

关键词： gained insulation conduction

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B-cell and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2:infection,vaccination,and hybrid immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 144-158页

作者： Dennis Lapuente Thomas H.Winkler Matthias Tenbusch institut für klinische und molekulare Virologie Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergSchlossgarten 491054 ErlangenGermany Department of Biology Division of GeneticsNikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular MedicineFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)ErlangenGermany Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen Friedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergSchlossplatz 191054 ErlangenGermany

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in 2019 prompted scientific,medical,and biotech communities to investigate infection-and vaccine-induced immune responses in the context of this pathogen.B-cell and antibody responses are at the center of these investigations,as neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)are an important correlate of protection(COP)from infection and the primary target of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine *** addition to absolute levels,nAb longevity,neutralization breadth,immunoglobulin isotype and subtype composition,and presence at mucosal sites have become important topics for scientists and health policy *** recent pandemic was and still is a unique setting in which to study de novo and memory B-cell(MBC)and antibody responses in the dynamic interplay of infection-and vaccine-induced *** also provided an opportunity to explore new vaccine platforms,such as mRNA or adenoviral vector vaccines,in unprecedented cohort *** with the technological advances of recent years,this situation has provided detailed mechanistic insights into the development of B-cell and antibody responses but also revealed some unexpected *** this review,we summarize the key findings of the last 2.5 years regarding infection-and vaccine-induced B-cell immunity,which we believe are of significant value not only in the context of SARS-CoV-2 but also for future vaccination approaches in endemic and pandemic settings.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies memory responses vaccines IgG4

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Inner-shell ionization cross sections of atoms by positron impact

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期76卷 142-147页

作者： Yuan-Cheng Wang Jia Ma Li-Guang Jiao Stephan Fritzsche College of Physical Science and Technology Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China Helmholtz-institut Jena D-07743 JenaGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH D-64291 DarmstadtGermany College of Science Shenyang Aerospace UniversityShenyang 110136China College of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Theoretisch-Physikalisches institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena07743 JenaGermany

he relativistic binary-encounter-Bethe model with Wannier-type threshold law is employed to obtain the inner-shell ionization cross sections of multi-electron atoms(Ni,Cu,Y,Ag,Au,Yb,Ta,and Pb)for positron impact energies from the thresholds up to 105 *** is good agreement between the present calculations and the experimental *** constant in the acceleration term derived from the Wannier law is determined to be 0.2 and 0.5 for the K-and L-shells,respectively.

关键词： positron scattering ionization cross section binary-encounter-Bethe model

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Stop H5N1 influenza in US cattle now

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第7期46卷 1639-1639页

作者： Nicola Lewis < b> Nicola Lewis< /b> is director of the Worldwide Influenza Centre The Francis Crick Institute London UK < b> Martin Beer< /b> is head of the institute of Virology and vice president of the friedrich-loeffler-institut Greifswald Germany

The relentless march of a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus(HPAIV)strain,known as H5N1,to become an unprecedented panzootic continues *** leap of H5N1 clade 2.***.4.4b from Eurasia and Africa to North America in 2021 and its further spread to South America and the Antarctic have exposed new avian and mammalian populations to the virus and led to outbreaks on an unrivaled *** virus has infected wild birds across vast geographic regions and caused wildlife deaths in some of the world's most biodiverse ecosystems.

关键词： H5N1 checked influenza

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Harnessing naturally occurring mutations for T-cell therapy:a potential new avenue to enhance treatment efficacy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1799-1801页

作者： Michael Hiltensperger Jürgen Ruland Kilian Schober Mikrobiologisches institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie Immunologie und HygieneFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry School of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany TranslaTUM Center for Translational Cancer ResearchTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) HeidelbergGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site MunichMunichGermany FAU Profile Center Immunomedicine Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,Garcia et *** a sophisticated approach to identify fitness-enhancing mutations for T cells that was inspired by cancer evolution.1 The identified CARD11-PIK3R3 gene fusion enhanced tumor rejection and persistence of engineered T cells in multiple tumor models and might have the potential to improve efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapies in cancer patients.

关键词： cancer potential

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Demonstrating grating-based phase-contrast imaging of laser-driven shock waves

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 90-97页

作者： Leonard Wegert Stephan Schreiner Constantin Rauch Bruno Albertazzi Paulina Bleuel Eric Frojdh Michel Koenig Veronika Ludwig Artem SMartynenko Pascal Meyer Aldo Mozzanica Michael Müller Paul Neumayer Markus Schneider Angelos Triantafyllidis Bernhard Zielbauer Gisela Anton Thilo Michel Stefan Funk Plasma Physics Department GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur SchwerionenforschungPlanckstraBe 164291 DarmstadtGermany Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(ECAP) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NurnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-StraBe 291058 ErlangenGermany LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitésEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91120 Palaiseau CedexFrance Paul Scherrer institut(Psi) Forschungsstrasse 1115232VilligenSwitzerland Karlsruhe institute of Technology Institute of Microstructure TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Single-shot X-ray phase-contrast imaging is used to take high-resolution images of laser-driven strong shock *** a two-grating Talbot interferometer,we successfully acquire standard absorption,differential phase-contrast,and dark-field images of the shocked *** agreement is demonstrated between experimental data and the results of two-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations of the laser-plasma *** main sources of image noise are identified through a thorough assessment of the interferometer’s *** acquired images demonstrate that grating-based phase-contrast imaging is a powerful diagnostic tool for high-energy-density *** addition,we make a novel attempt at using the dark-field image as a signal modality of Talbot interferometry to identify the microstructure of a foam target.

关键词： interaction. shock phase

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Optical probing of ultrafast laser-induced solid-to-overdense-plasma transitions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 973-984页

作者： Yasmina Azamoum Georg Alexander Becker Sebastian Keppler Guillaume Duchateau Stefan Skupin Mickael Grech Fabrice Catoire Sebastian Hell Issa Tamer Marco Hornung Marco Hellwing Alexander Kessler Franck Schorcht Malte Christoph Kaluza GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany. Helmholtz institute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany. institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany. CEA-CESTA 15 Avenue des SablièresCS6000133116 Le BarpCedexFrance institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306-CNRSUniversitéde Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance. LULI CNRSCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance. Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA CELIAUMR 5107 TalenceFrance

Understanding the solid target dynamics resulting from the interaction with an ultrashort laser pulse is a challenging fundamental multi-physics problem involving atomic and solid-state physics,plasma physics,and laser *** of the initial interplay of the underlying processes is essential to many applications ranging from lowpower laser regimes like laser-induced ablation to high-power laser regimes like laser-driven ion *** the properties of the so-called pre-plasma formed as the laser pulse’s rising edge ionizes the target is complicated from the theoretical and experimental point of view,and many aspects of this laser-induced transition from solid to overdense plasma over picosecond timescales are still open *** the one hand,laser-driven ion acceleration requires precise control of the pre-plasma because the efficiency of the acceleration process crucially depends on the target properties at the arrival of the relativistic intensity peak of the *** the other hand,efficient laser ablation requires,for example,preventing the so-called“plasma shielding”.By capturing the dynamics of the initial stage of the interaction,we report on a detailed visualization of the pre-plasma formation and ***-thin diamond-like carbon foils are shown to transition from solid to plasma during the laser rising edge with intensities<10^(16)W/cm^(2).Single-shot near-infrared probe transmission measurements evidence sub-picosecond dynamics of an expanding plasma with densities above 10^(23)cm^(−3)(about 100 times the critical plasma density).The complementarity of a solid-state interaction model and kinetic plasma description provides deep insight into the interplay of initial ionization,collisions,and expansion.

关键词： laser acceleration solid

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Controlling glutathione entry into mitochondria:potential roles for SLC25A39 in health and(treatment of)disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第4期7卷 951-952页

作者： Oliver von Bohlen und Halbach institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology Friedrich Loeffler Str.23c17489 GreifswaldGermany

Members of the mitochondrial solute carrier(SLC)family 25(SLC25)provide transport steps for substances across the mitochondrial inner membrane into the mitochondria that are needed for biochemical pathways and cellular *** a recent paper in Nature,Wang et al.1 could demonstrate that glutathione(GSH)transport seems to be mediated by SLC25A39,since loss of SLC25A39 reduces mitochondrial GSH import and abundance without affecting cellular GSH levels.

关键词： SLC steps 25A

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Cocktails of defined chemical compounds:sufficient to induce totipotency in embryonic stem cells

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第10期7卷 3630-3631页

作者： Wilfried A.Kues Dharmendra Kumar friedrich-loeffler-institut Federal Research Institute for Animal HealthBiotechnologyStem Cell Physiology31535 NeustadtGermany Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division ICAR-Central Institute for Research on BuffaloesHisarHaryana 125001India

In a recent work published in Nature,Hu et al.1 report that a cocktail of three small chemicals is sufficient to induce totipotency in murine embryonic stem(ES)*** this year,two other groups identified different mixtures of chemicals,which also seem to do this job,2,3 taken together this opens a new approach to capture totipotency in vitro,and to understand the underlying pathways and their interaction.

关键词： interaction. al. induce

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