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Fatty acids derived from oviposition systems guide female black soldier flies(Hermetia illucens)toward egg deposition sites

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1231-1248页

作者： Patrick Klüber Emna Arous Jeanny Jerschow Marco Fraatz Daniel Bakonyi Martin Rühl Holger Zorn Department Bioresources Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied EcologyGiessenGermany institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany

The black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens,comes with big promises for industrial purposes since its larvae feed polyphagously on a broad spectrum of organic ***,research focusing on adult flies is scarce,which is inconsistent with their reproductive relevance within the rearing *** particular,directed oviposition is a challenge in artificial ***,decomposing organic matter is commonly used as oviposition substrate,which has extensive potential for improvement in view of the lack of standardization and the risk of microbial ***,we identified three fatty acids and one fatty acid methyl ester derived from the surface of old oviposition sites and targeted to elucidate their effect on preference behavior and oviposition site selection using Y-olfactometry and prepared oviposition sites,*** to tetradecanoic acid attracted gravid females and stimulated oviposition most strongly,while decanoic acid demonstrated a repulsive *** kept in mixed-sex populations were attracted by tetradecanoic acid,resulting in a higher egg mass found in the compound box(3.0–11.4 fold),a≥2.3 fold reduction of nonspecifically deposited eggs,and the highest total egg ***,decanoic and dodecanoic acid caused females to lay a greater proportion of eggs nonspecifically outside both *** data suggest that fatty acids,especially tetradecanoic acid,are important cues for oviposition site selection in black soldier *** order to achieve a directed oviposition behavior,the role of further short-and long-chain fatty acids as attractants should be examined.

关键词： black soldier fly Hermetia illucens fatty acids insects as food and feed oviposition oviposition site selection tetradecanoic acid

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THERMOCHROMIC EFFECTS OF LEUCO DYES STUDIED IN POLYPROPYLENE

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2006年第4期24卷 363-368页

作者： Arno Seeboth Detlef L(o|¨)tzsch Elvira Potechius Renate Vetter fraunhofer institute for applied Polymer Research

A series of thermochromic polypropylene foils were prepared by embedding various leuco dye-developer-solvent systems in the polymer matrix. Bisphenol A, laurylgallate, ethylgallate and p-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester were used as developers, crystal violet lactone and 3,3-bis-（1-n-butyl-2-methyl-3-indolyl）-phthalide as dyes and l-octanoic acid methyl ester as solvent. The molar ratio between the three components of the investigated leuco dye-developer-solvent systems was kept constant. All obtained polypropylene foils exhibit an excellent thermochromic behavior. The foils, prepared by extrusion technology, switch from color to colorless with increasing temperature. The influence of molecular structure of the developer on the intensity of the colored state and the influence of a developer-surfactant complex on the resulting thermochromic properties were investigated. The results are presented and discussed in detail according to a molecular model suggesting that the ring-opening process of the leuco dye is triggered by the formation of dye-developer complexes via H-bondings.

关键词： Thermochromism Dyes Extrusion UV-Vis spectroscopy.

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Gene complementation analysis indicates that parasitic dodder plants do not depend on the host FT protein for flowering

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 104-108页

作者： Sina Mackelmann Andrea Kanel Lara M.Kosters Peter Lyko Dirk Prufer Gundula A.Noll Susann Wicke institute of Plant biology and Biotechnology University of MuensterSchlossplatz 848143 MuensterGermany institute for biology Humboldt-University of BerlinHaus 22Philippstr.1310115 BerlinGermany fraunhofer institute for molecular biology and applied ecology IME Schlossplatz 848143 MuensterGermany

Dear Editor,Cuscuta,a genus of parasitic plants,poses a significant threat to global agriculture due to its broad host range that encompasses numerous cultivated *** plants form specialized feeding organs(haustoria)that connect to the host vascular tissue and import water,nutrients,secondary metabolites,small RNAs,mRNAs,and *** such protein is FT,a peptide hormone and florigen that was recently proposed to cause the synchronization of flowering in the parasite–host system(Shen et al.,2020).

关键词： specialized organs analysis

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Evolutionary ecology of microsporidia associated with the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis

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Insect Science 2015年第3期22卷 313-324页

作者： Andreas Vilcinskas Henrike Schmidtberg Arnaud Estoup Ashraf Tayeh Benoit Facon Heiko Vogel institute of Phytopathology and applied Zoology Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32 Giessen D-35392 Germany fraunhofer institute for molecular biology and applied ecology Winchester Strasse 2 Giessen D-35394 Germany UMR 1062 CBGP Inra 34988 Montpellier France Max Planck institute for Chemical ecology Hans-Knoll-Strasse 8 D-07745 Jena Germany

Invasive species are characterized by the rapid growth and spread of their populations after establishing a foothold in new habitats, and there are now many examples of such species negatively affecting biodiversity and the economy. It is unclear why some species can become successful invaders, whereas most （even if closely related） remain noninvasive. We previously proposed a hypothesis that parasites associated with invading species can promote their invasive success if they are harmless toward the invaders but harmful to their competitors and/or predators in the newly colonized habitat. Here we discuss whether microsporidia that have recently been discovered in the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis contribute to its invasive success. We show that all H. axyridis beetles sourced from diverse collection sites all over the world carry abundant microsporidia. This suggests that both native and invasive H. axyridis populations are associated with these tolerated parasites, which were likely to have existed in native populations before expansion rather than being acquired in newly colonized areas. We describe the pathogenesis of the microsporidia during different developmental stages of H. axyridis and we address the possibility that the predation of its infected eggs and larvae by competing native ladybird species may lead to their infection and ultimately to their decline. Finally, we discuss our initial hypothesis： microsporidia that are tolerated by an invasive vector insect can be active against susceptible native competitors and/or predator species.

关键词： Coccinellidae evolutionary ecology Harmonia aryridis innate immunity intraguild predation invasion biology microsporidia

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Arabidopsis Plants Having Defects in Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay Factors UPF1, UPF2, and UPF3 Show Photoperiod-dependent Phenotypes in Development and Stress Responses

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2012年第2期54卷 99-114页

作者： Chuan Shi Ian T. Baldwin Jianqiang WU Department of Medical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Jena 07745 Germany Department of molecular ecology Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology 07745 Germany

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay （NMD） is an important mRNA quality surveillance pathway in all eukaryotes that eliminates aberrant mRNAs derived from various sources. Three NMD factor proteins, UPF1, UPF2, and UPF3 are required for the NMD process and were found to be also involved in certain stress responses in mammalian and yeast cells. Using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants of UPF1 and UPF3 and UPF2-silenced lines （irUPF2）, we examined the involvement of UPF1, UPF2, and UPF3 in development and in response to stresses, wounding and infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000. Under the long （16 h） photoperiod condition, Arabidopsis having a defect in NMD factors exhibited altered morphologies of various organs, disturbed homeostasis of wounding-induced jasmonic acid and pathogen-elicited salicylic acid, and abnormal wounding- and methyl jasmonate-induced changes in the transcript levels of two defense-related genes, LOX2 and VSP2. Importantly, when plants were cultivated under the short （10 h） photoperiod condition, mutants of UPF1 and UPF3 and irUPF2 showed smaller differences from the wild-type plants in growth and stress-induced responses. These data suggest a complex regulatory network, likely composed of light signaling and NMD factor-mediated pathways, in influencing plant development and adaption to environmental stresses.

关键词： Development nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathogen photoperiod wounding

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Establishment of a simple assay in vitro for hepatitis C virus NS3 serine protease based on recombinant substrate and single-chain protease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2002年第6期8卷 1088-1093页

作者： Gui-Xin Du Li-Hua Hou Rong-Bin Guan Yi-Gang Tong Hai-Tao Wang,Department of applied molecular biology,institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology,Fengtai,Beijing 100071,China Department of applied molecular biology Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Fengtai Beijing 100071 China. dugx@***

AIM: To establish a simple and convenient assay in vitro for the Hepatitis C virus NS3 serine protease based on the recombinant protease and substrate, and to evaluate its feasibility in screening the enzyme inhibitors. METHODS: Based on the crystallographic structure of hepatitis C virus (HCV) serine protease, a novel single-chain serine protease was designed, in which the central sequence of cofactor NS4A was linked to the N-terminus of NS3 serine protease domain via a flexible linker GSGS. The fusion gene was obtained by two-step PCR that was carried out with three primers and then cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pQE30, and the recombinant clone was verified by DNA sequencing. The single-chain recombinant protease was expressed when the *** induced with IPTG and the expression conditions were optimized to produce large amount of soluble protease. The recombinant substrate NS5ab that covers the cleavage point NS5A/B was also expressed in ***. Both of the protease and substrate were purified by using Ni-NTA agarose metal affinity resin, then they were mixed together in a specific buffer, and the mixture was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The cleavage system was used to evaluate some compounds for their inhibitory activity on serine ***: The single-chain recombinant protease was overexpressed as soluble protein when the E. coliwas induced at a low dosage of IPTG (0.2 mM) and cultured at a low temperature (15℃). The protease was purified by using Ni-NTA agarose metal affinity resin (the purity is over 95 %).The recombinant substrate NS5ab was expressed in an insoluble form and could refold successfully after purification and dialysis. A simple and convenient assay in vitro was established, in which the purified single-chain serine protease could cleave the recombinant substrate NS5ab into two fragments that were visualized by SDS-PAGE. PMSF had an effect on inhibiting activity of serine protease, while EDTA had ***: A simple and

关键词： C肝病毒 NS3丝氨酸蛋白酶体外简易检验法重组基质单链蛋白酶

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Efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formate by a molecular noble metal-free system

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 152-156页

作者： Lihua Zhang Lingjing Chen Huatian Shi Yue Wei Gui Chen Tai-Chu Lau School of Environment and Civil Engineering Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering Dongguan University of Technology Department of Chemistry and institute of molecular Functional Materials City University of Hong Kong

Reducing CO2to carbon-neutral solar fuels can not only alleviate the energy demand but also mitigate the greenhouse *** present,developing an efficient non-noble metal photo/electrocatalytic system for converting CO2to a specific product beyond CO is still a big ***,we report a new cobalt complex bearing 2,2′-bi-1,10-phenanthroline ligand that can photocatalytically reduce CO2to formate （HCOO-）.Turnover number （TON） for HCOO-up to 677 with 99%selectivity can be achieved using organic dyes purpurin as photosensitizer and 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole （BIH） as sacrificial reductant in a CO2-saturated NMP/TEA （v/v,3:1） solution under visible light *** potential electrolysis at-1.41 V （***/Ag Cl） in the presence of 12 m M Et3NHBF4also produced HCOO-with Faradaic efficiency of 39%.Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies suggest that a[CoI-H]species is the key intermediate for CO2reduction.

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A pyridoxal-based chemosensor for visual detection of copper ion and its application in bioimaging

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第9期25卷 1230-1234页

作者： Cai-Xia Yin Li-Jun Qu Fang-Jun Huo Key Laboratory of Chemical biology and molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Institute of Molecular ScienceShanxi University Research institute of applied Chemistry Shanxi University

A pyridoxal-based chemosensor was synthesized by reacting hydrazine hydrate and pyridoxal hydrochloride in ethanol and characterized by NMR and ESI-MS. The optical properties of the compound were investigated in a methanol： HEPES solution. The compound displayed selectivity for Cu2＋, as evidenced by a colorless to yellow color change, which was characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy. The fluorescence of the compound can be quenched only by Cu2＋, accompanying by a color change from blue to colorless. Furthermore, it can be used in bioimaging.

关键词： Pyridoxal-based Copper ion Chemosensor Bioimaging

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The effects of different electrode materials on seed germination of Solanum nigrum *** its Cd accumulation in soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 291-299页

作者： Lei Xu Huiping Dai Lidia Skuza Shuhe Wei Key Laboratory of Pollution ecology and Environment Engineering Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China College of Biological Science&Engineering Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-resourcesShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong 723001China institute of biology Centre for Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of SzczecinSzczecin 71-415Poland University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

The effects of different electrode on Solanum nigrum *** germination were *** result showed that germination percentage(GP)of seeds in treatment T2(titanium elec-trode)was 26.6%higher than in control(CK,without electric field).High potassium and calcium concentrations were beneficial for seed enzymatic activity in treatment T2,which could partly explain the increase in *** accumulation(μg/pot)in *** treated with any electric field was significantly higher(p<0.05)than in CK without electric ***-ically,Cd accumulation under the treatment T3(stainless steel electrode)was the highest both in roots and shoots;this accumulation in shoots and roots were 74.7%and 67.4%higher for stainless steel than in *** increase must have been associated with a higher Cd concentration in plants and did not exert a significant effect on the *** par-ticular,Cd concentrations in roots and shoots under stainless steel treatment were both significantly higher than in CK(p<0.05),which had to be related to the higher available Cd concentration in the soil in the middle ***,it could be attributed to al-tered soil pH and other soil ***,none of the biomasses were significantly affected(p<0.05)by different electrode materials compared to CK.

关键词： Cd contaminated soil Solanum nigrum L. DC electric field Electrode materials Seed germination

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Improved degradation of azo dyes by lignin peroxidase following mutagenesis at two sites near the catalytic pocket and the application of peroxidase-coated yeast cell walls

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第2期15卷 33-42页

作者： Karla IlićĐurđić Raluca Ostafe Olivera Prodanović AleksandraĐurđevićĐelmaš Nikolina Popović Rainer Fischer Stefan Schillberg Radivoje Prodanović University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry Studentski trg 12-1611000 BelgradeSerbia molecular Evolution Protein Engineering and Production facility(MEPEP) Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA institute of molecular Biotechnology RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany institute for Multidisciplinary Research Kneza Višeslava 111030 BelgradeSerbia Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA fraunhofer institute for molecular biology and applied ecology IME 52074 AachenGermany

The enzymatic degradation of azo dyes is a promising alternative to ineffective chemical and physical remediation *** peroxidase(LiP)from Phanerochaete chrysosporium is a hemecontaining lignin-degrading oxidoreductase that catalyzes the peroxide-dependent oxidation of diverse molecules,including industrial *** enzyme is therefore ideal as a starting point for protein ***,we subjected two positions(165 and 264)in the environment of the catalytic Trp171 residue to saturation mutagenesis,and the resulting library of 104 independent clones was expressed on the surface of yeast *** yeast display library was used for the selection of variants with the ability to break down structurally-distinct azo dyes more *** identified mutants with up to 10-fold greater affinity than wild-type LiP for three diverse azo dyes(Evans blue,amido black 10B and Guinea green)and up to 13-fold higher catalytic ***,cell wall fragments displaying mutant LiP enzymes were prepared by toluene-induced cell lysis,achieving significant increases in both enzyme activity and stability compared to a whole-cell *** cell wall fragments retained their initial dye degradation activity after 10 reaction cycles each lasting 8 *** best-performing mutants removed up to 2.5-fold more of each dye than the wild-type LiP in multiple reaction cycles.

关键词： Bioremediation Enzyme immobilization Protein engineering Yeast surface display

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