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General Psychiatry 2020年第4期33卷 237-240页

作者： Giovambattista Presti Barbara Dal Lago Alice Fattori Giuliana Mioli Paolo Moderato Lucia Sciaretta Maria Antonella Costantino Faculty of Human and Social Sciences University of Enna‘Kore’EnnaItaly Foundation IRCCS Ca1 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico MilanItaly IULM University MilanoLombardiaItaly

To the Editor,As of 31 M arch 2020,m ore than 100000 cases of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)have been confirm ed in Italy.1 Progressive mitigation measures have been introduced by the Italian governm ent since 9 M arch 2020 to underm ine and break the virus transmission chain.However,the COVID-19-associated hospitalisation rate in Lombardy,the epicentre of the outbreak,has risen since the late days o f February 2020,by 30%each day,and it is only very recently that it slowed down to 5%daily,which still translates to 500 new patients every day who are in absolute need of hospital care.

关键词： Italian translate absolute

Mirror,mirror on the wall,who is the best of them all?Artificial intelligence versus gastroenterologists in solving clinical problems

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Gastroenterology Report 2023年第1期11卷 579-581页

作者： Felice Benedicenti Tommaso Pessarelli Mattia Corradi Marco Michelon Nicoletta Nandi Pietro Lampertico Maurizio Vecchi Lucia Scaramella Luca Elli Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of MilanMilanItaly Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Foundation IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology CRC“A.M.and A.Migliavacca”Center for the Study of Liver DiseaseFoundation IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly

Introduction Artificial intelligence(AI)is a concept that commonly refers to machines mimicking human cognitive behavior during learning and problem-solving[1].Chatbots are a typical example of an AI system,capable of interacting with humans[2].ChatGPT(OpenAI,San Francisco,ca,USA)[3]is a new-generation chatbot that captures the context and relationship between words in input sequences through multiple layers of self-attention and feedforward neural networks.Then,it predicts the most likely“token”to succeed the previous one based on patterns in its training data.Therefore,it is a self-contained system that does not copy existing information[4].

关键词： token neural mirror

Orthostatic hypotension,an often-neglected problem in community-dwelling older people:discrepancies between studies and real life

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Journal of Geriatric cardiology 2018年第10期15卷 644-646页

作者： Sarah Damanti Dario Consormi Annalisa Valentini Benedetta Cerasoli Martina Biotto Federica Conti Marta Clerici Pasqualina Iannuzzi Emanuela Manzo Paolo D Rossi Simona Ciccone Matteo Cesari Geriatric Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanltaly Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of MilanMilanItaly Unit of Epidemiology Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanltaly Fellowship in Geriatrics and Gerontology University of MilanMilanItaly

Orthostatic hypotension (OH)is a common condition in older persons.According to the 2011criteria,OH is defined by a sustained reduction of systolic blood pressure of 20 mmHg or a 10mmHg-fall of diastolic blood pressure,[1] Its prevalence increases with age and according to a recent systematic review the pooled prevalence in community dwelling older people is 22.2%.[2]Although OH is largely explained by concurrent clinical conditions (in particular, hypertension,diabetes,malnutrition,vascular encephalopa- thy,anemia,Parkinson's disease)[3],aging per se determines a series of physiological dysfunctions potentially representing its biological substratum (e.g.,reduction in barore- flex-mediated cardiovascular function,altered salt and water balance at renal level,impaired cardiac diastolic filling).It is also noteworthy that age-related changes in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of drugs (especially in the context of polypharmacy)also increase the risk of OH.

关键词： Elderly Orthostatic hypotension Prevalence Real-life

Nucleo-cytoplasmic transport defects and protein aggregates in neurodegeneration

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2020年第3期9卷 354-369页

作者： Giacomo Bitetto Alessio Di Fonzo irccs foundation ca'granda ospedale maggiore policlinico Dino Ferrari CenterNeuroscience SectionDepartment of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversity of MilanVia Francesco Sforza 3520122 MilanItaly

In the ongoing process of uncovering molecular abnormalities in neurodegenerative diseases characterized by toxic protein aggregates,nucleo-cytoplasmic transport defects have an emerging role.Several pieces of evidence suggest a link between neuronal protein inclusions and nuclear pore complex(NPC)damage.These processes lead to oxidative stress,inefficient transcription,and aberrant DNAVRNA maintenance.The clinical and neuropathological spectrum of NPC defects is broad,ranging from physiological aging to a suite of neurodegenerative diseases.A better understanding of the shared pathways among these conditions may represent a significant step toward dissecting their underlying molecular mechanisms,opening the way to a real possibility of identifying common therapeutic targets.

关键词： Aging Neurodegeneration Neurodegenerative disease Nucleo-cytoplasmic transport Nuclear pore complex Protein aggregate

Somatostatin analogs for gastric carcinoids:for many, but not all

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第22期21卷 6785-6793页

作者： Sara Massironi Alessandra Zilli Dario Conte Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation Università degli Studi di Milano

Gastric carcinoids(GCs) are classified as: type Ⅰ,related to hypergastrinemia due to chronic atrophic gastritis(caG), type Ⅱ, associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, and type Ⅲ, which is normogastrinemic. The management of type-Ⅰ gastric carcinoids(GC1s) is still debated,because of their relatively benign course. According to the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society guidelines endoscopic resection is indicated whenever possible;however, it is not often feasible because of the presence of a multifocal disease, large lesions, submucosal invasion or, rarely, lymph node involvement. Therefore,somatostatin analogs(SSAs) have been proposed as treatment for GC1 s in view of their antisecretive,antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects. However,in view of the high cost of this therapy, its possible side effects and the relatively benign course of the disease,SSAs should be reserved to specific subsets of "high risk patients", i.e., those patients with multifocal or recurrent GCs. Indeed, it is reasonable that, after the development of a gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm in patients with a chronic predisposing condition(such as caG), other enterochromaffin-like cells can undergo neoplastic proliferation, being chronically stimulated by hypergastrinemia. Therefore, definite indications to SSAs treatment should be established in order to avoid the undertreatment or overtreatment of GCs.

关键词： Neuroendocrine tumors Atrophic gastritis Octreotide Lanreotide Enterochromaffin-like cells carcinoid tumors

Substances of abuse consumption among patients seeking medical help for uro-andrological purposes:a sociobehavioral survey in the real-life scenario

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第5期23卷 456-461页

作者： Federico Belladelli Luca Boeri Paolo capogrosso Walter cazzaniga Eugenio Ventimiglia Luigi candela Edoardo Pozzi Andrea Baudo Massimo Alfano Costantino Abbate Francesco Montorsi Andrea Salonia Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology URIIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaelevia Olgettina 60Milan 20131Italy University Vita-Salute San Raffaele via Olgettina 60Milan 20131Italy Department of Urology Foundation IRCCS Ca'Granda-Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoUniversity of Milanvia Della Commenda 15Milan 20122Italy

Substances of abuse(SoA),as well as smoking and alcohol consumption,are well known for their impact on male fertility status,erectile function,and ejaculation.We assessed SoA consumption habits in a cohort of men seeking medical attention for uro-andrological purposes.Data from 7447 men seeking medical attention for the first time for uro-andrological purposes were analyzed.A complete medical and sexual history was collected for each patient.Smoking,alcohol,and SoA consumption were investigated.Descriptive statistics was used to describe the whole cohort.The primary motivations for their evaluation were lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),erectile dysfunction(ED),and infertility in 1912(25.7%),2944(39.5%),and 2591(34.8%)men,respectively.Previous use of SoA was reported by 378(5.1%)men,and 190(2.6%)individuals were current users.Patients seeking medical attention for infertility were more frequently current SoA users(107;4.1%)than men with ED(66;2.2%)and LUTS(17;0.9%)(both P1).Current users of SoA were younger than those with past or no SoA history(P1).Current SoA users were more frequently smokers(P1)and alcohol consumers(P1)than those with a previous history or those who had never tried SoA.In conclusion,approximately 3%of men seeking medical attention for uro-andrological purposes were current SoA consumers.Infertile men reported a higher use of SoA than those with ED or LUTS.Current SoA users were younger and more frequently concomitant smokers and alcohol consumers compared to those who did or had never used SoA.

关键词： cannabis cocaine erectile dysfunction male infertility risk factors substances of abuse

Anticoagulation in frail older people

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Journal of Geriatric cardiology 2019年第11期16卷 844-846页

作者： Sarah Damanti Simon Braham Luca Pasina Geriatric Unit IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly Nutritional Sciences PhD Univeristy of MilanMilanItaly Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center IRCCS CàGranda Maggiore Hospital FoundationMilanItaly Pharmacotherapy and Appropriateness of Drug Prescription Unit Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSVia Giuseppe La MasaMilanItaly

Frailty is a multidimensional dynamic condition characterized by decreased physiological reserves. Therefore,frail people are more vulnerable to stressors.Indeed,minor stimuli,like a new drug prescription,can alter their homeostatic equilibrium determining adverse clinical outcomes(i.e.,falls,institutionalization,disability,and death).[1,2]Since the risk of atrial fibrillation[3]and venous thromboembolism[4]increase with ageing,frail people might require long term anticoagulation.

关键词： Anticoagulation Frailty The elderly

Eosinophil cationic protein in Henoch-Schönlein purpura

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世界儿科杂志:英文版 2014年第1期10卷 90-91页

作者： castellazzi Massimo Luca Emanuela Anna Laicini Emilio F Fossali Pediatric Emergency Department Foundation IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoVia Commenda 9MilanItaly

Henoch-Schönlein purpura,the most common childhood vasculitis,is often a self-limiting condition,with resolution within 2-8 weeks.Approximately 20%-40%of the patients develop a renal involvement.[1]Eosinophil cationic protein is a secretory ribonuclease which has been associated with cytotoxic,neurotoxic,fibrosis promotion and immuneregulatory functions and has been implicated in various disease conditions.[2]This study was undertaken to clarify a possible role of eosinophil cationic protein in Italian children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

关键词： eosinophil cationic protein possible role

Ten-year experience with penile prosthetic surgery for the treatment of erectile dysfunction:outcomes of a tertiary referral center and predictors of early prosthetic infection

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第1期24卷 32-39页

作者： Franco Palmisano Luca Boeri Riccardo Ievoli Josvany Sánchez-Curbelo Matteo Giulio Spinelli Andrea Gregori Antonio Maria Granata Eduard Ruiz-castane Emanuele Montanari Joaquim Sarquella-Geli ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco Department of UrologyLuigi Sacco University HospitalMilan 20157Italy irccs foundation ca’granda ospedale maggiore policlinico Department of UrologyUniversity of MilanMilan 20122Italy Department of Economics and Management University of FerraraFerrara 44121Italy FundacióPuigvert Department of AndrologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona 08025Spain

We aimed to evaluate ten-year outcomes of penile prosthesis(PP)implantation for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and to assess predictors of early prosthetic infection(EPI).We identified 549 men who underwent 576 PP placements between 2008 and 2018.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify potential predictors of EPI.An EPI predictive nomogram was developed.Thirty-five(6.1%)cases of EPI were recorded with an explant rate of 3.1%.In terms of satisfaction,82.0%of the patients defined themselves as“satisfied,”while partner’s satisfaction was 88.3%.Diabetes(P=0.012),longer operative time(P=0.032),and reinterventions(P=0.048)were associated with EPI risk,while postoperative ciprofloxacin was inversely associated with EPI(P=0.014).Rifampin/gentamicin-coated 3-piece inflatable PP(r/g-c 3IPP)showed a higher EPI risk(P=0.019).Multivariate analyses showed a two-fold higher risk of EPI in diabetic patients,redo surgeries,or when a r/g-c 3IPP was used(all P<0.03).We showed that diabetes,longer operative time,and secondary surgeries were the risk factors for EPI.Postoperative ciprofloxacin was associated with a reduced risk of EPI,while r/g-c 3IPP had higher EPI rates without an increased risk of PP explant.After further validation,the proposed nomogram could be a useful tool for the preoperative counseling of PP implantation.

关键词： Boston Coloplast Titan three-piece penile prosthesis erectile dysfunction impotence Inhibizone patient satisfaction penile prosthesis prosthesis infection rifampin soaking

Heavy cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are associated with impaired sperm parameters in primary infertile men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第5期21卷 478-485页

作者： Luca Boeri Paolo capogrosso Eugenio Ventimiglia Filippo Pederzoli Walter cazzaniga Francesco Chierigo Federico Deho Emanuele Montanari Francesco Montorsi Andrea Salonia Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology URIIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalMilan 20132Italy Department of Urology Foundation IRCCS Ca'Granda Maggiore Policlinico HospitalUniversity of MilanMilan 20122Italy University Vita-Salute San Raffaele Milan 20132Italy

We assessed the concomitant impact of cigarette smoking and alcohol con sumption in men presenting for primary couple's infertility.Data from 189 in fertile men were an a lyzed.Semen analysis,serum hormones,and sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF)were obtained.Smoking status was categorized as follows:current nonsmoker(-S),moderate smoker(+MS),and heavy smoker(+HS).Alcohol consumption was categorized as follows:abstainer(-D),moderate drinker(+MD),and heavy drinker(+HD).Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were applied.Among all the participants,132(69.8%),30(15.9%),and 27(14.3%)patients were-S,+MS,and+HS,respectively.In addition,67(35.4%),77(40.7%)and 45(23.8%)men were-D,+MD and+HD,respectively.Regarding concomitant habits,52(27.5%)patients were nonsmokers and abstainers(-S/-D:Group 1),91(48.1%)had at least one recreational habit(-S/+D or+S/-D:Group 2),and 46(24.3%)were both smokers and drinkers(+S/+D:Group 3).Sperm concentration and progressive motility were lower in+HS and+HD,compared with-S and-D(all Pcantly lower in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2(all P1 and 2(both P<0.05).In multivariate analysis,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels and concomitant+S/+D status were independent predictors of impaired sperm concentration and progressive motility(all P<0.05).Heavy smoking and heavy drinking were associated with worse seminal parameters than moderate smoking/drinking and nonsmoking/abstaining.When concomitant,+S/+D status has an even greater detrimental effect on semen parameters.

关键词： alcohol con sumption cigarette smoki ng in fertility risk factors seme n an alysis