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Litter quality and decomposer complexity co-drive effect of drought on decomposition

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 329-338页

作者： Shumei Wang Junwei Luan Siyu Li Jinhao Ma Lin Chen Yi Wang Shirong Liu Sanya research Base International Centre for Bamboo and RattanSanya572022China institute of Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationInternational Centre for Bamboo and RattanBeijing100102China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing100091China Experimental Center of Tropical forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryPingxiang532600China institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu610041China

Litter decomposition is key to ecosystem carbon(C)and nutrient cycling,but this process is anticipated to weaken due to projected more extensive and prolonged drought.Yet how litter quality and decomposer community complexity regulate decomposition in response to drought is less understood.Here,in a five-year manipulative drought experiment in a Masson pine forest,leaf litter from four subtropical tree species(Quercus griffthii Hook.f.&Thomson ex Miq.,Acacia mangium Willd.,Pinus massoniana Lamb.,Castanopsis hystrix Miq.)representing different qualities was decomposed for 350 d in litterbags of three different mesh sizes(i.e.,0.05,1,and 5 mm),respectively,under natural conditions and a 50%throughfall rain exclusion treatment.Litterbags of increasing mesh sizes discriminate decomposer communities(i.e.,microorganisms,microorganisms and mesofauna,microorganisms and meso-and macrofauna)that access the litter and represent an increasing complexity.The amount of litter C and nitrogen(N)loss,and changes in their ratio(C/N_(loss)),as well as small and medium-sized decomposers including microorganisms,nematodes,and arthropods,were investigated.We found that drought did not affect C and N loss but decreased C/N_(loss)(i.e.,decomposer N use efficiency)of leaf litter irrespective of litter quality and decomposer complexity.However,changes in the C/N_(loss)and the drought effect on C loss were both dependent on litter quality,while drought and decomposer complexity interactively affected litter C and N loss.Increasing decomposer community complexity enhanced litter decomposition and allowing additional access of meso-and macro-fauna to litterbags mitigated the negative drought effect on the microbial-driven decomposition.Furthermore,both the increased diversity and altered trophic structure of nematode due to drought contributed to the mitigation effects via cascading interactions.Our results show that litter quality and soil decomposer community complexity co-drive the effect of drought on litter decomposition.This experiment

关键词： Arthropod Drought Decomposer community Nutrient cycling Nematode

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Sclerodermus alternatusi(Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a new species from China, parasitizing Monochamus alternatus(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

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Zoological Systematics 2024年第3期 258-266页

作者： Zhongqi Yang Xiaoyi Wang Zhaoyao Duan Yanlong Zhang Yi'nan Zhang Liangming Cao Ke Wei Key Lab of Forest Protection National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation institute Chinese Academy of Forestry research institute of Forest Protection Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland research institute of Biological Control Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture Key Lab of Forest Protection National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationEcology and Nature Conservation Institute Chinese Academy of Forestry

A new species, Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov.(Hymenoptera:Bethylidae),is described and illustrated. Its cerambycid host, Monochamus alternatus Hope, a severe wood borerattackingmanypinetrees(Pinusspp.),isalsoavectorofpinewoodnematode,Bursaphelencusxylophilus,whichcauseseveredamagestopineforestsinChina.Thenew species is a gregarious ectoparasitoid of junior larva of M. alternatus. The number of adult wasps reared from a single host larva ranges from 6 to 45. The ratio of female to male is 20:1. The new parasitoid species has a high potential in using as a biocontrol agent for the wood borer.Diagnosis of the new species with comparisons to its related species, S. pupariae Yang&Yao and a key to known species of Sclerodermus from China is provided.

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Differential response of radial growth and δ13C in Qinghai spruce（Picea crassifolia） to climate change on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains in Northwest China

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Journal of forestry research 2024年第3期 203-216页

作者： Li Qin Huaming Shang Weiping Liu Yuting Fan Kexiang Liu Tongwen Zhang Ruibo Zhang Key Laboratory of tree-Ring Physical and Chemical research (CMA)/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of tree-Ring Ecology Institute of Desert MeteorologyChina Meteorological Administration Xinjiang Meteorological Information Center

tree radial growth can have significantly different responses to climate change depending on the environment. To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ13C) fractionation of Qinghai spruce（Picea crassifolia）, a widely distributed native conifer in northwestern China in different environments,we developed chronologies for tree-ring widths and δ13C in trees on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains, and analysed the relationship between these treering variables and major climatic factors. tree-ring widths were strongly influenced by climatic factors early in the growing season, and the radial growth in trees on the northern slopes was more sensitive to climate than in trees on the southern. tree-ring δ13C was more sensitive to climate than radial growth. δ13C fractionation was mainly influenced by summer temperature and precipitation early in the growing season. Stomatal conductance more strongly limited stable carbon isotope fractionation in tree rings than photosynthetic rate did. The response between tree rings and climate in mountains gradually weakened as climate warmed. Changes in radial growth and stable carbon isotope fractionation of P. crassifolia in response to climate in the Qilian Mountains may be further complicated by continued climate change.

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Genome-Wide Exploration of the Grape GLR Gene Family and Differential Responses of VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 to Low Temperature and Salt Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 533-549页

作者： Honghui Sun Ruichao Liu Yueting Qi Hongsheng Gao Xueting Wang Ning Jiang Xiaotong Guo Hongxia Zhang Chunyan Yu The Engineering research institute of Agriculture and forestry Ludong UniversityYantai264025China College of Agriculture Ludong UniversityYantai264025China

Grapes,one of the oldest tree species globally,are rich in vitamins.However,environmental conditions such as low temperature and soil salinization signiﬁcantly affect grape yield and quality.The glutamate receptor(GLR)family,comprising highly conserved ligand-gated ion channels,regulates plant growth and development in response to stress.In this study,11 members of the VvGLR gene family in grapes were identiﬁed using whole-genome sequence analysis.Bioinformatic methods were employed to analyze the basic physical and chemical properties,phylogenetic trees,conserved domains,motifs,expression patterns,and evolutionary relationships.Phylogenetic and collinear analyses revealed that the VvGLRs were divided into three subgroups,showing the high conservation of the grape GLR family.These members exhibited 2 glutamate receptor binding regions(GABAb and GluR)and 3-4 transmembrane regions(M1,M2,M3,and M4).Real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated the sensitivity of all VvGLRs to low temperature and salt stress.Subsequent localization studies in Nicotiana tabacum veriﬁed that VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 proteins were located on the cell membrane and cell nucleus.Additionally,yeast transformation experiments conﬁrmed the functionality of VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 in response to low temperature and salt stress.Theseﬁndings highlight the signiﬁcant role of the GLR family,a highly conserved group of ion channels,in enhancing grape stress resistance.This study offers new insights into the grape GLR gene family,providing fundamental knowledge for further functional analysis and breeding of stress-resistant grapevines.

关键词： Genome-wide identiﬁcation glutamate receptor(GLR)family low temperature stress salt stress grape

Single-cell characterization of major components of plant cell walls in situ by Raman spectroscopy

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第8期 1772-1774页

作者： Yujian Li Weiwei Shen Xi Zhang Yaning Cui Yuanyuan Zhao Yayu Guo Xiaojuan Li Shuizhong Wang Guoyong Song Pu Wang Jianfeng Ma Jinxing Lin State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources College of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry University institute of tree Development and Genome Editing Beijing Forestry University National Engineering research Center of tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration College of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry University Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and EnergyMinistry of EducationBeijing Forestry University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang University Key lab of Bamboo and Rattan Science & Technology International Center for Bamboo and Rattan

Dear Editor,Plant cell walls are complex and dynamic structures that are mainly composed of polysaccharide polymers such as cellulose,hemicellulose,and pectin,in addition to substantial amounts of the non-saccharide p...

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More tree growth reduction due to consecutive drought and its legacy effect for a semiarid larch plantation in Northwest China

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Journal of forestry research 2024年第2期35卷 188-196页

作者： Yanfang Wan Pengtao Yu Yanhui Wang Jiamei Li Yushi Bai Yipeng Yu Bingbing Liu Xiaocha Wei Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China

Extreme climate has increasingly led to negative impacts on forest ecosystems globally,especially in semiarid areas where forest ecosystems are more vulnerable.However,it is poorly understood how tree growth is affected by different drought events.In 2006–2009,the larch plantations in the semiarid areas of Northwest China were negatively affected by four consecutive dry years,which was a very rare phenomenon that may occur frequently under future climate warming.In this study,we analyzed the effect of these consecutive dry years on tree growth based on the data of the tree rings in the dominant layer of the forest canopy on a larch plantation.We found that the tree-ring width index(RWI)in dry years was lower than that in normal years,and it experienced a rapidly decreasing trend from 2006 to 2009(slope=-0.139 year^(-1),r=-0.94)due to water supply deficits in those dry years.Drought induced legacy effects of tree growth reduction,and consecutive dry years corresponded with greater growth reductions and legacy effects.Growth reductions and legacy effects were significantly stronger in the third and fourth consecutive dry years than that of single dry year(ptrees experienced greater tree growth reduction due to consecutive dry years and their legacy effect,and the trees had lower recovery rates after consecutive dry years.Our results highlight that consecutive dry years pose a new threat to plantations under climate warming,and thus,the effect of climate extremes on tree growth should be considered in growth models in semiarid areas.

关键词： tree rings Drought effects Legacy effects Growth-climate relationships Larix principis-rupprechtii

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Masculinizer gene controls sexual differentiation in Hyphantria cunea

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 405-416页

作者： Xiaowei Li Huihui Liu Honglun Bi Yaohui Wang Jun Xu Sufang Zhang Zhen Zhang Ze Zhang Yongping Huang Laboratory of Evolutionary and Functional Genomics School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology CAS Centerfor Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Forest Protection Research Institute of Forest EcologyEnvironment and ProtectionChinese Academy of ForestryState Forestry AdministrationBeijingChina

The Masculinizer gene,Masc,encodes a lepidopteran-specific novel CCCHtype zinc finger protein,which controls sex determination and dosage compensation in Bombyx mori.Considering the potential application of it in pest control,it is necessary to investigate the function of Masc gene in Hyphantria cunea,a globally invasive forest pest.In the present study,we identified and functionally characterized the Masc gene,HcMasc,in H.cunea.Sequence analysis revealed that HcMASC contained the conserved CCCH-type zinc finger domain,nuclear localization signal,and male determining domain,in which the last was confirmed to be required for its masculinization in BmN cell line.However,expression data showed that unlike male-biased expression in B.mori,Hc-Masc gene expresses in main all developmental stages or tissues in both sexes.Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9-based disruption of the common exons 1 and 3 of the HcMasc gene resulted in imbalanced sex ratio and abnormal external genitalia of both sexes.Our results suggest that the HcMasc gene is required for both male and female sexual differentiation and dosage compensation in H.cunea and provide a foundation for developing better strategies to control this pest.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 dosage compensation Hyphantria cunea Masc sexual differentiation

Effects of tree size and organ age on variations in carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus stoichiometry in Pinus koraiensis

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Journal of forestry research 2024年第3期35卷 155-165页

作者： Yanjun Wang Guangze Jin Zhili Liu Center for Ecological research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China Northeast Asia Biodiversity research Center Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China

Carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)are of fundamental importance for growth and nutrient dynamics within plant organs and deserve more attention at regional to global scales.However,our knowledge of how these nutrients vary with tree size,organ age,or root order at the individual level remains limited.We determined C,N,and P contents and their stoichiometric ratios(i.e.,nutrient traits)in needles,branches,and fine roots at different organ ages(0-3-year-old needles and branches)and root orders(1st-4th order roots)from 64 Pinus koraiensis of varying size(Diameter at breast height ranged from 0.3 to 100 cm)in northeast China.Soil factors were also measured.The results show that nutrient traits were regulated by tree size,organ age,or root order rather than soil factors.At a whole-plant level,nutrient traits decreased in needles and fine roots but increased in branches with tree size.At the organ level,age or root order had a negative effect on C,N,and P and a positive effect on stoichiometric ratios.Our results demonstrate that nutrient variations are closely related to organ-specific functions and ecophysiological processes at an individual level.It is suggested that the nutrient acquisition strategy by younger trees and organ fractions with higher nutrient content is for survival.Conversely,nutrient storage strategy in older trees and organ fractions are mainly for steady growth.Our results clarified the nutrient utilization strategies during tree and organ ontogeny and suggest that tree size and organ age or root order should be simultaneously considered to understand the complexities of nutrient variations.

关键词： tree size Organ age(or root order) Carbon(C) Nitrogen(N) Phosphorus(P) Pinus koraiensis

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High-Value-Added Utilization of Turpentine:Screening of Anti-Influenza Virus Agents fromβ-Pinene Derivatives

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第1期12卷 45-56页

作者： Yiwen Li Hongyan Si Peng Wang Hai Luo Minggui Shen Xiaoping Rao Zhanqian Song Shibin Shang Zongde Wang Shengliang Liao East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering research Center of National forestry and Grassland Administration Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationCollege of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China institute of Chemical Industry of forestry Products China Academy of ForestryNational Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical UtilizationKey and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical EngineeringState Forestry AdministrationKey Laboratory of Biomass Energy and MaterialJiangsu ProvinceNanjing210042China College of Chemical Engineering Huaqiao UniversityXiamen361021China

Turpentine is a renewable and resourceful forest product.The deep processing and utilization of turpentine,particularly its primary componentβ-pinene,has garnered widespread attention.This study aimed to synthesize 40 derivatives ofβ-pinene,including nopinone,3-cyanopyridines of nopinone,myrtanyl acid,myrtanyl acylthioureas,and myrtanyl amides.We assessed the antiviral activities of theseβ-pinene derivatives against influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1)using the 3-(4,5-dimetylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method.Theβ-pinene derivatives were used before and after cellular infection with the influenza virus to evaluate their preventive and therapeutic effects against the H1N1 virus.The results showed that only compound 10o exhibited a preventive effect against the H1N1 virus with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)value of 47.6μmol/L.Among the compounds,4e,4i,and 4l demonstrated therapeutic effects against cellular infection,with compound 4e displaying the most potent therapeutic effect(IC50=17.5μmol/L),comparable to the positive control ribavirin.These findings indicated that certainβ-pinene derivatives exhibited in vitro antiviral activity against the H1N1 influenza A virus,warranting further investigation as potential anti-influenza agents.

关键词： Antiviral activity β-pinene derivative 3-cyanopyridine influenza virus