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Assessing risks and uncertainties in forest dynamics under different management scenarios and climate change

forest Ecosystems 2015年第3期2卷 169-189页

作者： Matthias Albert Jan Hansen Jürgen Nagel Matthias Schmidt Hermann Spellmann Northwest German forest Research Station

Background: forest management faces a climate induced shift in growth potential and increasing current and emerging new risks. Vulnerability analysis provides decision support based on projections of natural resources taking risks and uncertainties into account. In this paper we(1) characterize differences in forest dynamics under three management scenarios,(2) analyse the effects of the three scenarios on two risk factors, windthrow and drought stress, and(3) quantify the effects and the amount of uncertainty arising from climate projections on height increment and drought ***: In four regions in northern Germany, we apply three contrasting management scenarios and project forest development under climate change until 2070. Three climate runs(minimum, median, maximum) based on the emission scenario RCP 8.5 control the site-sensitive forest growth functions. The minimum and maximum climate run define the range of prospective climate ***: The projections of different management regimes until 2070 show the diverging medium-term effects of thinnings and harvests and long-term effects of species conversion on a regional scale. Examples of windthrow vulnerability and drought stress reveal how adaptation measures depend on the applied management path and the decision-maker’s risk attitude. Uncertainty analysis shows the increasing variability of drought risk projections with time. The effect of climate projections on height growth are quantified and uncertainty analysis reveals that height growth of young trees is dominated by the age-trend whereas the climate signal in height increment of older trees is ***: Drought risk is a serious issue in the eastern regions independent of the applied silvicultural scenario,but adaptation measures are limited as the proportion of the most drought tolerant species Scots pine is already high. Windthrow risk is no serious overall threat in any region, but adequate counter-measures such as spec

关键词： Climate change Silvicultural management strategies

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Conceptual models of forest dynamics in environmental education and management:keep it as simple as possible,but no simpler

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forest Ecosystems 2016年第4期3卷 311-319页

作者： Timo Kuuluvainen Department of forest Sciences University of Helsinki P.O. Box 27 HelsinkiFIN-00014 Finland

Background：Conceptual models of forest dynamics are powerful cognitive tools,which are indispensable for communicating ecological ideas and knowledge,and in developing strategic approaches and setting targets for forest conservation,restoration and sustainable *** development through time is conventionally described as a directional,or ＂linear＂,and predictable sequence of stages from ＂bare ground＂ to old forest representing the ＂climax-state＂.However,this simple view is incompatible with the current knowledge and understanding of intrinsic variability of forest ***：Overly simple conceptual models of forest dynamics easily become transformed into biased mental models of how forests naturally develop and what kind of structures they *** be able to communicate the essential features and diversity of forest dynamics,comprehensive conceptual models are *** this end,Kuuluvainen（2009） suggested a relatively simple conceptual model of forest dynamics,which separates three major modes of forest dynamics,and incorporates state changes and transitions between the forest dynamics modes depending on changes in disturbance ***：Conceptual models of forest dynamics should be comprehensive enough to incorporate both longterm directional change and short-term cyclic forest dynamics,as well as transitions from one dynamics mode to another depending on changes in the driving disturbance regime *** that capture such essential features of forest dynamics are indispensable for educational purposes,in setting reference conditions and in developing methods in forest conservation,restoration and ecosystem management.

关键词： Natural forest forest succession forest disturbance forest age structure forest conservation forest restoration Sustainable management

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Assessing Post-Storm forest dynamics in the Pyrenees Using High-Resolution LIDAR Data and Aerial Photographs

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 841-853页

作者： ángela BLáZQUEZ-CASADO José R.GONZáLEZ-OLABARRIA Santiago MARTíN-ALCóN Ariadna JUST Mariló CABRé Lluís COLL forest Sciences Center of Catalonia (CTFC) Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya (ICGC)

We evaluated how historical storm events have shaped the current forest landscape in three Pyrenean subalpine forests(NE Spain).For this purpose we related forest damage estimations obtained from multi-temporal aerial photographic comparisons to the current forest typology generated from airborne Li DAR data, and we examined the role of past natural disturbance on the current spatial distribution of forest structural *** found six forest structural types in the landscape: early regeneration(T1 and T2), young even-aged stands(T3), uneven-aged stands(T4) and adult stands(T5and T6).All of the types were related to the timing and severity of past storms, with early-regeneration structures being found in areas markedly affected in recent times, and adult stands predominating in those areas that had suffered lowest damage levels within the study *** general, landscapes where high or medium levels of damage were recurrent also presented higher levels of spatial heterogeneity,whereas the opposite pattern was found in the less markedly affected landscape, characterized by thepresence of large regular *** results show the critical role that storm regimes in terms of timing and severity of past storms can play in shaping current forest structure and future dynamics in subalpine *** knowledge gained could be used to help define alternative forest management strategies oriented toward the enhancement of landscape heterogeneity as a measure to face future environmental uncertainty.

关键词：森林景观风暴动态评价雷达数据高分辨率亚高山森林照片航拍

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The changing Himalayan landscape:pine-oak forest dynamics and the supply of ecosystem services

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Journal of forestry Research 2017年第3期28卷 431-443页

作者： Niyati Naudiyal Joachim Schmerbeck Department of Natural Resources TERI UniversityVasantKunjNew Delhi 110070India Chair of Silviculture Institute of Forest SciencesFaculty of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacher Str.479085 FreiburgGermany

This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on pine and oak forest dynamics in the midmontane central Himalayan forest and the ecosystem services associated with these vegetation types. forest ecosystems play a crucial role in the livelihood of the central Himalayas as well as the adjacent plains, providing a number of tangible and intangible ecosystem services, at each stage of succession. The successional sequence starts from warm temperate grasslands, followed by early successional pine forests, mid-successional pine-oak mixed forests and eventually culminating in a late successional oak community. This successional sequence is considerably influenced by disturbances like fire, grazing, and lopping, which maintain the vegetation types in their current form and can act as potential drivers of change. Fire and grazing in grasslands and pine forests inhibit the successional process by hindering the establishment of pioneer and late successional species, respectively. Potential land-cover changes with forest succession can lead to changes in ecosystem services supply. We found that the number of ecosystem services associated with these vegetation types increase from early to late successional community. Current management approaches fail to include the dynamic nature of vegetation, which is essential for maintenance of ecosystem service supply. In conclusion, the trade-offs between ES of global （biodiversity and carbon） and local importance （fuel wood and fodder） have to be examined carefully in order to have effective conservation and management plans for the region.

关键词： Disturbance Ecosystem services Himalaya Oak Pine

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Selection and quality assessment of Landsat data for the North American forest dynamics forest history maps of the US

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第10期9卷 963-980页

作者： Karen Schleeweis Samuel N.Goward Chengquan Huang John L.Dwyer Jennifer L.Dungan Mary A.Lindsey Andrew Michaelis Khaldoun Rishmawi Jeffery G.Masek forest Inventory and Analysis US Forest ServiceRocky Mountain Research StationOgdenUTUSA Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA U.S.Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science(EROS)Center Sioux FallsSDUSA NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCAUSA Climate Program Office NOAAWashingtonDCUSA NASA Ames Research Center University Corporation Monterey BayMoffett FieldCAUSA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMDUSA

Using the NASA Earth Exchange platform,the North American forest dynamics(NAFD)project mapped forest history wall-to-wall,annually for the contiguous US(1986–2010)using the Vegetation Change Tracker *** with any effort to identify real changes in remotely sensed time-series,data gaps,shifts in seasonality,misregistration,inconsistent radiometry and cloud contamination can be sources of *** discuss the NAFD image selection and processing stream(NISPS)that was designed to minimize these sources of *** NISPS image quality assessments highlighted issues with the Landsat archive and metadata including inadequate georegistration,unreliability of the pre-2009 L5 cloud cover assessments algorithm,missing growing-season imagery and paucity of clear *** maps of Landsat 5–7 image quantities and qualities are presented that offer novel perspectives on the growing-season archive considered for this *** 150,000+Landsat images were considered for the NAFD ***,one high quality cloud-free image in each year or a total of 12,152 images would be ***,to accommodate data gaps and cloud/shadow contamination 23,338 images were *** 220 specific path-row image years no acceptable images were found resulting in data gaps in the annual national map products.

关键词： Landsat forest cover change time-series mapping forest disturbance North American forest dynamics nasa earth exchange

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Functional traits of tree species with phylogenetic signal co-vary with environmental niches in two large forest dynamics plots

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第2期7卷 115-125页

作者： Jie Yang Xiuqin Ci Mengmeng Lu Guocheng Zhang Min Cao Jie Li Luxiang Lin Key Laboratory of Tropical forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesNo.88 Xuefu RoadKunmingYunnan 650223China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No.19A Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China

Aims While using phylogenetic and functional approaches to test the mechanisms of community assembly,functional traits often act as the proxy of ***,there is little detailed knowledge regarding the correlation between functional traits of tree species and their niches in local *** suggest that the co-varying correlation between functional traits and niches should be the premise for using phylogenetic and functional approaches to test mechanisms of community *** functional traits,phylogenetic and environmental data,this study aims to answer the questions:(i)within local communities,do functional traits of co-occurring species covary with their environmental niches at the species level?and(ii)what is the key ecological process underlying community assembly in Xishuangbanna and Ailaoshan forest dynamic plots(FDPs)?Methods We measured seven functional traits of 229 and 36 common species in Xishuangbanna and Ailaoshan FDPs in tropical and subtropical China,*** also quantified the environmental niches for these species based on conditional *** then analyzed the correlations between functional traits and environmental niches using phylogenetic independent *** examining phylogenetic signals of functional traits using Pagel’sλ,we quantified the phylogenetic and functional dispersion along environmental gradients within local tree *** Findings For target species,functional traits do co-vary with environmental niches at the species level in both of the FDPs,supporting that functional traits can be used as a proxy for local-scale environmental *** traits show significant phylogenetic signals in both of the *** found that the phylogenetic and functional dispersion were significantly clustered along topographical gradients in the Ailaoshan FDP but overdispersion in the Xishuangbanna *** patterns of phylogenetic and functional dispersion suggest that environmental filterin

关键词： forest dynamics plot local scale phylogenetic independent contrast phylogenetic signal phylogenetic dispersion functional dispersion

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Evaluating and quantifying the effect of various spruce budworm intervention strategies on forest carbon dynamics in Atlantic Canada

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forest Ecosystems 2022年第4期9卷 547-557页

作者： Zelin Liu Changhui Peng David AMacLean Louis De Grandpre Jean-Noel Candau Daniel Kneeshaw School of Geographic Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China Department of Biological Sciences University of Qu�ebec at MontrealMontrealQC H3C 3P8Canada Faculty of forestry and Environmental Management University of New BrunswickFrederictonNB E3B 5A3Canada Laurentian forestry Centre Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources CanadaQC G1V 4C7Canada Great Lake forestry Centre Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources CanadaON P6A 2E5Canada

Spruce budworm (SBW) outbreaks are one of the most devastating natural disturbances in spruce-balsam fir forests of eastern North America. Both early intervention strategy (EIS) and foliage protection strategy (FP) are being tested to limit forest losses, but the quantitative impact on forest carbon (C) dynamics is still unclear. In this study, we designed 19 separate scenarios of no intervention or varying success of EIS, FP, and their combination on SBW caused defoliation and mortality. We then used the TRIPLEX-Insect model to quantify their effects on forest C dynamics in the forests of the four provinces of Atlantic Canada. A scenario applying FP to 10%of the area with the greatest potential C losses of living biomass, protecting foliage in 10%of the forests is more realistic than higher proportion of FP given the high cost and large areas involved, resulted in reducing average cumulative net ecosystem productivity (NEP) from 2020 to 2039 by 56%–127%compared to a no outbreak *** results showed that FP would have to be applied everywhere to reduce tree mortality and increase NEP more than 8 years of successful EIS applied. However, if EIS can be successfully implemented for 12 years, it will maintain more forest C than FP applied everywhere during a moderate outbreak. We also found that the combination of EIS followed by FP in 10%of the areas disturbed by the SBW could maintain average cumulative NEP at similar levels to no defoliation in every province of Atlantic Canada. Black/red spruce forests younger than 60years old underwent the smallest changes in C dynamics whether using EIS, FP, or both. This highlights the importance of forest species, forest age, and their interactions on the effectiveness of a treatment during SBW outbreak. Overall, 31%–76%of the study area in Atlantic Canada could convert from a C sink to a source by 2039,if no protective measures are used under the worst-case scenarios, thus contributing to future climate warming.

关键词： Annual defoliation Natural disturbance forest protection Net ecosystem productivity TRIPLEX-Insect Conifers

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dynamics of iron and aluminum storages in a subtropical forest headwater stream

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第7期21卷 2193-2205页

作者： YI Qiumeng MA Diting PENG Yan ZHAO Zemin YUAN Chaoxiang YUAN Ji NI Xiangyin WU Fuzhong YUE Kai AN Nannan Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of Ministry of Education School of Geographical SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Fujian Sanming forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Sanming 365002China

The forest headwater streams are important hubs for connecting terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems,with plant litter and sediments as the major carriers for material migrations;however,until now we knew little about the dynamics of trace elements such as iron(Fe)and aluminum(Al)in forest headwater ***,we quantitatively identified the spatiotemporal dynamics of Fe and Al storages in plant litter and sediments and their influencing factors in a subtropical forest headwater stream,and assessed the potential pollution *** results showed that:(1)the mean concentrations of Fe and Al in plant litter(sediments)were 5.48 and 8.46(7.39 and 47.47)g·kg^(-1),and the mean storages of Fe and Al in plant litter(sediments)were 0.26 and 0.43(749.04 and 5030.90)g·m^(-2),respectively;(2)the storages of Fe and Al in plant litter and sediments significantly fluctuated from January to December,and showed a decreasing pattern from the source to mouth;and(3)storages of Fe and Al had no significant correlation with riparian forest type and the present of tributary and the Fe and Al storages in plant litter were mainly affected by water temperature and water alkalinity,and their storages in sediments were mainly affected by water temperature and frequency of rainfall;and(4)there were no anthropogenic pollution in Fe and Al in the forest headwater *** study revealed the primary factors of concentrations and storages of Fe and Al in plant litter and sediments in a forest headwater stream,which will improve our understanding of the role of headwater streams in forest nutrient storage and cycling along with hydrological processes.

关键词： Plant litter Sediments Storage forest headwater stream Stream characteristics Trace element

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A Bibliometric Analysis Unveils Valuable Insights into the Past,Present,and Future dynamics of Plant Acclimation to Temperature

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第2期93卷 291-312页

作者： Yong Cui Yongju Zhao Shengnan Ouyang Changchang Shao Liangliang Li Honglang Duan Institute for forest Resources&Environment of Guizhou Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou ProvinceCollege of ForestryGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina

Plant temperature acclimation is closely related to maintaining a positive carbon gain under future climate ***,no systematic summary of the field has been *** on this,we analyzed data on plant temperature acclimation from the Web of Science Core Collection database using bibliometric software R,RStudio and *** study demonstrated that a stabilized upward trajectory was noted in publications(298 papers)from 1986 to 2011,followed by a swift growth(373 papers)from 2012 to *** most impactful journals were Plant Cell and Environment,boasting the greatest count of worldwide citations and articles,the highest H-index and G-index,followed by Global Change Biology and New Phytologist,and Frontiers in Plant Science which had the highest *** USA and China were identified as the most influential countries,while Atkin was the most influential author,and the Chinese Academy of Sciences was the most influential research *** most cited articles were published in the Annual Review of Plant Biology in 1999.“Cold acclimation”was the most prominent *** plant temperature acclimation research is expected to focus on thermal acclimation and photosynthesis,which have important significance for future agricultural production,forestry carbon sequestration,and global food *** general,this study provides a systematic insight of the advancement,trend,and future of plant temperature acclimation research,enhancing the comprehension of how plants will deal with forthcoming climate change.

关键词： Temperature acclimation plant responses climate change bibliometric

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Monitoring of Residual forest Ecosystems dynamics in the Mono Biosphere Reserve (Southeast Togo)

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Natural Resources 2021年第9期12卷 271-289页

作者： Gbétey Kokouvi Akpamou Yawo Konko Kouami Kokou Laboratory of forest Research Faculty of Sciences University of Lome Lome Togo Ministry of Environment and forest Resources Lome Togo National Agency of Environment Management Lome Togo

The forest ecosystems of the Lacs 2 commune (South-East, Togo) are undergoing severe degradation, which has not yet been documented. This study is carried out in order to assess and quantify the spatio-temporal dynamics of residual forests and to identify the determinants of deforestation in South East Togo. The methodological approach is based on the use of historical aerial photographs from 1976 and drone images from 2019 in addition to field investigations. Several spatial structure indices were also calculated in order to quantify the fragmentation of classes and of the forest landscape. The results show that the forest landscape is changing. The classes of forests, plantations and palm groves show an annual rate of decline of 7.5%, 0.8% and 9.4% respectively while the classes of savannahs, agglomerations, surface water and swamps increased by 16.4%, 0.4%, 0.7% and 0.1%. The results also reveal a high fragmentation within the forest, plantation, surface water and swamp class and moderate fragmentation for the savannah and palm trees classes. At the landscape level, the savannah class is dominant by more than 70%, thus making the landscape little diversified from an ecological point of view. The main driver of deforestation in the study area remains shifting slash-and-burn agriculture. It is accentuated by the establishment of perennial oil palm crops, which has influenced the annual deforestation rate by 0.72%.

关键词： Residual forest forest Fragmentation Drone Image Aerial Photographs Geographic Information System Landscape Ecology

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