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Woody species composition,structure and environmental determinants in a moist evergreen Afromontane forest,southern Ethiopia

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Journal of forestry Research 2020年第4期31卷 1173-1186页

作者： Befkadu Mewded Mesele Negash Tesfaye Awas forest and range land plants diversity directorate Ethiopian Biodiversity InstituteP.O.Box:30726Addis AbabaEthiopia Wondo Genet College of forestry and Natural Resources Hawassa UniversityP.O.Box:123ShashemeneEthiopia

Ethiopian moist evergreen Afromontane forests are vital for the conservation of plant diversity,including genetic pools of Coffea arabica ***,these forests are continuously shrinking and need empirical scientific studies for their effective conservation and sustainable *** study was,therefore,conducted to assess woody species composition,diversity,endemicity,structure,plant communities,and environmental determinants in Sirso moist evergreen Afromontane forest of southern *** variables such as altitude,slope,aspect,disturbance levels,and geographical location were recorded for each main *** structure and importance value index(IVI),diversity,vegetation classification,and correlation with environmental factors were analyzed.A total of 74 woody species representing 70 genera and 34 families were *** species were *** glutinosa *** *** and Prunus africana(Hook.f.)*** species categorized as vulnerable according to the IUCN red list *** highest number of species was recorded for the Rubiaceae family(8),followed by Euphorbiaceae(6),and Asteraceae(6).Five plant communities were identified:Maesa lanceolata-Dombeya torrida,Galiniera saxifraga-Cyathea manniana,Vepris dainellii-Triumfetta tomentosa,Dracaena fragrans-Rytigynia neglecta,and Arundinaria *** distribution of these communities depends on altitude,slope,and disturbance *** guineense(Wild.)DC.,Schefflera abyssinica(*** ***.)Harms,and Galiniera saxifraga(Hochst.)Bridson were species with the highest IVI,while ***,Cordia africana Lam.,Hagenia abyssinica(Bruce)***,Bridelia micrantha(Hochst.)Baill.,and *** had the *** structure of woody species showed an inverted J-shape,a J-shape,a bell-shape,and an irregular shaped *** latter three population structure revealed signs of disturbances,and were negatively correlated with altitude and *** study sh

关键词： Endemicity Plant community Population recruitment Regeneration status

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Assessing suitability of Andrographis paniculata genotypes for rain-fed conditions in semi-arid climates

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2021年第2期8卷 359-368页

作者： Kuldeepsingh A.Kalariya Narendra A.Gajbhiye Ram Prasnna Meena Parmeshwar L.Saran Dipal Minipara Sinora Macwan K.A.Geetha ICAR-directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic plants Research BoriaviAnandGujaratIndia

Medicinal plants are generally suggested for degraded land or areas having low *** paniculata is an important medicinal plant known for its diterpene lactone *** exposed 26 genotypes of *** to rain-fed condition during early-season rain-fed(ESRF)and mid-season rain-fed(MSRF)conditions and compared with the control to assess their suitability in semi-arid climate region of Gujarat,*** study was performed during two consecutive years 2016–2017 in split plot design with rain-fed conditions as main-plot treatment and genotypes as sub-plot treatment in three *** gaseous exchange parameters taken at 85100 days after transplanting exhibited mean photosynthesis rate was 20.5 lmol CO_(2) m^(-2)s^(-1) ranging between 15.9 lmol CO_(2) m^(-2)s^(-1) and 24.0 lmol CO_(2) m^(-2)s^(-1).Exceeding 7%decrease in stomatal conductance was recorded compared to the control plants under imposed rain-fed *** mean value of transpiration rate was 4.8 mmol H2O m^(-2)s^(-1).The mean value of water use efficiency was *** condition decreased leaf water potential from-0.517 to-1.189 *** dry herbage decreased by 29.2%due to MSRF condition as compared the *** andrographolide yield per plant suffered significantly and under ESRF condition it reduced mainly due to reduction in andrographolide *** andrographolide yield per plant in MSRF condition was mainly due to reduction in herbage *** revealed that ESRF and MSRF condition characterized by erratic rainfall pattern and dry spell is not beneficial for quality production in *** on the least decrease in andrographolide,yield two genotypes viz.,AP 6 and AP 12 identified to be suitable for ESRF condition and two genotypes viz.,AP 19 and AP 6 suitable for MSRF ***,four genotypes,AP 35,AP 39,AP 61 and AP 24 were suitable as the promising genotypes having high andrographolide yield.

关键词： Andrographis paniculata Andrographolide content Andrographolide yield Photosynthesis Rainfed condition Transpiration

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Woody species composition and structure of Kuandisha afromontane forest fragment in northwestern Ethiopia

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Journal of forestry Research 2017年第2期28卷 343-355页

作者： Abiyot Berhanu Sebsebe Demissew Zerihun Woldu Motuma Didita Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management Addis Ababa UniversityP.O.Box 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia forest and rangeland plants Biodiversity directorate Ethiopian Biodiversity InstituteP.O.Box 30726Addis AbabaEthiopia

To investigate the woody species composition,diversity and structure of Kuandisha Afromontane forest,vegetation and environmental data were collected from 53 plots of 10 m 9 50 m for trees and shrubs and 265 subplots of 2 m 9 4 m for seedlings were laid along eight transect lines. The local name, scientific name, abundance,DBH, height and percentage foliage cover of species were recorded. Environmental variables, namely altitude, latitude and longitude as well as disturbance levels were also recorded in each plot. Structure, basal area, importance value index（IVI） and species prioritization were analyzed using spreadsheet programs. Correlation coefficients, frequency, relative frequency, Shannon diversity index,Shannon evenness and vegetation classification were analyzed using an R package. Sixty-six species belonging to40 families were recorded. Fabaceae was the most diverse family consisting of seven species, followed by Euphorbiaceae and Asteraceae. In terms of habit, 29 species were trees, 28 were shrubs, and 9 were lianas. The overall Shannon diversity index was 2.5. The frequency and relative frequency of woody species with DBH C2.5 cm ranged from 1.9 to 92.5 and 0.1 to 5, respectively. Seedling density varied among species ranging from five to 9938 individuals ha-1. The total basal area of woody species having DBH C2.5 cm is 15.3 m2ha-1. The IVI of species ranged from 0.13 for Solanum giganteum Jacq. to 28.4 for Croton macrostachyus Del. The woody vegetation was classified into five community types. Species richness,diversity and evenness of communities were strongly positively correlated. On the other hand, the correlation between disturbance and seedling density, and species richness was strongly negative. Thus, among the recorded woody species, a significant portion was either lacking regeneration or selectively removed for various *** lack of seedlings of those species is mainly attributed to anthropogenic disturbances particularly free grazing.

关键词： vegetation woody shrub richness liana diverse basal disturbance Species habit

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Taxonomy in the Kunming Institute of Botany(KIB): Progress during the past decade(2008-2018) and perspectives on future development

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Plant diversity 2018年第4期40卷 147-157页

作者： Xiangqin Yu Chunlei Xiang Hua Peng Key Laboratory for Plant diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences

The development of new taxonomical theories and approaches, particularly molecular phylogenetics, has led to the expansion of traditional morphology-based taxonomy into the concept of "integrative taxonomy." Taxonomic knowledge has assumed greater significance in recent years, particularly because of growing concerns over the looming biodiversity crisis. Since its establishment in 1938, the Kunming Institute of Botany(KIB), which is located in Yunnan province in Southwest China, has focused attention on the taxonomy and conservation of the flora of China. For the forthcoming 80 th anniversary of KIB, we review the achievements of researchers at KIB and their associates with respect to the taxonomy of land plants, fungi, and lichen. Major taxonomic advances are summarized for families of Calymperaceae,Cryphaeaceae, Lembophyllaceae, Neckeraceae, Polytrichaceae and Pottiaceae of mosses, Pteridaceae and Polypodiaceae of ferns, Taxaceae and Cycadaceae of gymnosperms, Asteraceae, Begoniaceae, Ericaceae,Euphorbiaceae, Gesneriaceae, Lamiaceae, Orchidaceae, Orobanchaceae, Poaceae, Theaceae and Urticaceae of angiosperms, Agaricaceae, Amanitaceae, Boletaceae, Cantharellaceae, Physalacriaceae Russulaceae, Suillaceae and Tuberaceae of fungi, and Ophioparmaceae and Parmeliaceae of lichens. Regarding the future development of taxonomy at KIB, we recommend that taxonomists continue to explore the biodiversity of China, integrate new theories and technologies with traditional taxonomic approaches,and engage in creative monographic work, with support from institutions, funding agencies, and the public.

关键词： Taxonomy Molecular phylogeny land plants Fungi Lichen

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Non-host plants:Are they mycorrhizal networks players?

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Plant diversity 2022年第2期44卷 127-134页

作者： Yanliang Wang Xinhua He Fuqiang Yu The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green DevelopmentKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan650201China Department of land Air and Water ResourcesUniversity of California at DavisDavisCA95616USA School of Biological Sciences University of Western AustraliaPerthWA6009Australia

Common mycorrhizal networks(CMNs)that connect individual plants of the same or different species together play important roles in nutrient and signal transportation,and plant community ***,about 10%of land plants are non-mycorrhizal species with roots that do not form any wellrecognized types of mycorrhizas;and each mycorrhizal fungus can only colonize a limited number of plant species,resulting in numerous non-host plants that could not establish typical mycorrhizal symbiosis with a specific mycorrhizal *** and how non-mycorrhizal or non-host plants are able to involve in CMNs remains *** we summarize studies focusing on mycorrhizal-mediated host and non-host plant *** has showed that some host-supported both arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)and ectomycorrhizal(EM)hyphae can access to non-host plant roots without forming typical mycorrhizal structures,while such non-typical mycorrhizal colonization often inhibits the growth but enhances the induced system resistance of non-host ***,the host growth is also differentially affected,depending on plant and fungi *** analyses suggested that the AMF colonization to non-hosts is different from pathogenic and endophytic fungi colonization,and the hyphae in non-host roots may be alive and have some unknown *** we propose that non-host plants are also important CMNs *** non-mycorrhizal model species Arabidopsis,tripartite culture system and new technologies such as nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry and multiomics,to study nutrient and signal transportation between host and non-host plants via CMNs may provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying benefits of intercropping and agro-forestry systems,as well as plant community establishment and stability.

关键词： Colonization Mycorrhizal networks Non-hosts Tripartite interaction

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N-P fertilization did not reduce AMF abundance or diversity but alter AMF composition in an alpine grassland infested by a root hemiparasitic plant

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Plant diversity 2018年第3期40卷 117-126页

作者： Xuezhao Wang Xiaolin Sui Yanyan Liu Lei Xiang Ting Zhang Juanjuan Fu Airong Li Peizhi Yang Department of Grassland Science College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F University Department of Economic plants and Biotechnology Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences

Fertilization has been shown to have suppressive effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) and root hemiparasites separately in numerous investigations, but its effects on AMF in the presence of root hemiparasites remain untested. In view of the contrasting nutritional effects of AMF and root hemiparasites on host plants, we tested the hypothesis that fertilization may not show strong suppressive effects on AMF when a plant community was infested by abundant hemiparasitic plants. plants and soil samples were collected from experimental field plots in Bayanbulak Grassland, where N and P fertilizers had been applied for three continuous years for control against a spreading root hemiparasite, Pedicularis kansuensis. Shoot and root biomass of each plant functional group were determined. Root AMF colonization levels, soil spore abundance, and extraradical hyphae length density were measured for three soil depths(0 e10 cm, 10 e20 cm, 20 e30 cm). Partial 18 S r RNA gene sequencing was used to detect AMF diversity and community composition. In addition, we analyzed the relationship between relative abundance of different AMF genera and environmental factors using Spearman's correlation method. In contrast to suppressive effects reported by many previous studies, fertilization showed no significant effects on AMF root colonization or AMF species diversity in the soil. Instead, a marked increase in soil spore abundance and extraradical hyphae length density were observed. However, fertilization altered relative abundance and AMF composition in the soil. Our results support the hypothesis that fertilization does not significantly influence the abundance and diversity of AMF in a plant community infested by P. kansuensis.

关键词： Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Fertilization Community structure Alpine grassland ecosystem Pedicularis

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Prioritizing woody species for the rehabilitation of arid lands in western Iran based on soil properties and carbon sequestration

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Journal of Arid land 2020年第4期12卷 640-652页

作者： Masoud BAZGIR Reza OMIDIPOUR Mehdi HEYDARI Nasim ZAINALI Masoud HAMIDI Daniel C DEY Department of Water and Soil Engineering Faculty of AgricultureIlam UniversityIlam ***Iran Department of range and Watershed Management Faculty of Natural Resource and Earth ScienceShahrekord UniversityShahrekord ***Iran Department of forestry Faculty of AgricultureIlam UniversityIlam ***Iran US forest Service Northern Research StationColumbiaOM 65211USA

plants are an important component in many natural ecosystems. They influence soil properties, especially in arid ecosystems. The selection of plant species based on their adaptations to site conditions is essential for rehabilitation of degraded sites and other construction sites such as check-dams. Other factors to be considered in species selection include their effects on soil properties and their abilities to meet other management objectives. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of native(Populus euphratica Oliv. and Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb.) and introduced(Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and Prosopis juliflora(Swartz) DC.) woody species on soil properties and carbon sequestration(CS) in an arid region of Iran. Soil sampling was collected at three soil depths(0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm) at the sites located under each woody species canopy and in an open area in 2017. Soil physical-chemical property was analyzed in the laboratory. The presence of a woody species changed soil characteristics and soil CS, compared with the open area. For example, the presence of a woody species caused a decrease in soil bulk density, of which the lowest value was observed under E. camaldulensis(1.38 g/cm^3) compared with the open area(1.59 g/cm^3). Also, all woody species significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen, and introduced species had more significant effect than native species. The results showed that CS significantly increased under the canopy of all woody species in a decreasing order of P. euphratica(9.08 t/hm^2)>E. camaldulensis(8.37 t/hm^2)>P. juliflora(5.20 t/hm^2)>T. ramosissima(2.93 t/hm^2)>open area(1.33 t/hm^2), thus demonstrating the positive effect of a woody species on CS. Although the plantation of non-native species had some positive effects on soil properties, we recommend increasing species diversity in plantations of native and introduced woody species to provide more diversity for the increased ecosystem

关键词： arid ecosystem carbon sequestration degraded soil restoration reforestation soil management

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Parallel evolution of twoAIM24 protein subfamilies and their conserved functions in ER stress tolerance in land plants

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Plant Communications 2023年第3期4卷 183-196页

作者： Yanlong Guan Guanxiao Chang Jinjie Zhao Qia Wang Jiali Qin Mengmeng Tang Shuanghua Wang Lan Ma Jianchao Ma Guiling Sun Yun Zhou Jinling Huang Key Laboratory for Plant diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green DevelopmentKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Department of Biology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA

Despite decades of efforts in genome sequencing and functional characterization,some important protein families remain poorly *** this study,we report the classification,evolution,and functions of the largely uncharacterized AIM24 protein family in plants,including the identification of a novel *** show that two AIM24 subfamilies(AIM24-A and AIM24-B)are commonly distributed in major plant *** two subfamilies not only have modest sequence similarities and different gene structures but also are of independent bacterial *** performed comparative functional investigations on the two AIM24 subfamilies using three model plants:the moss Physcomitrium patens,the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha,and the flowering plant Arabidopsis ***,despite their significant differences in sequence and gene structure,both AIM24 subfamilies are involved in ER stress tolerance and the unfolded protein response(UPR).In addition,transformation of the AIM24-A gene from *** into the AIM24-B null mutant of *** could at least partially rescue ER stress tolerance and the *** also discuss the role of AIM24 genes in plant development and other cellular *** study provides a unique example of parallel evolution in molecular functions and can serve as a foundation for further investigation of the AIM24 family in plants.

关键词： Physcomitrium Marchantia unfolded protein response lncRNA

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Involucre fossils of Carpinus,a northern temperate element,from the Miocene of China and the evolution of its species diversity in East Asia

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Plant diversity 2020年第3期42卷 155-167页

作者： Li Xue Linbo Jia Gi-soo Nam Yongjiang Huang Shitao Zhang Yuqing Wang Zhuo Zhou Yongsheng Chen College of land Resources and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650032China CAS Key Laboratory for Plant diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204China Gongju National University of Education 27Ungjin-roGongju-siChungcheongnam-do32553Republic of Korea Graduate School of Horticulture Chiba University648 MatsudoChiba271-8510Japan College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030HeilongjiangPR China

East Asia has long been recognized as a major center for temperate woody plants *** several theories have been proposed to explain how the diversity of these temperate elements accumulated in the region,the specific process remains *** we describe six species of Carpinus,a typical northern hemisphere temperate woody plant,from the early Miocene of the Maguan Basin,southwestern China,southern East *** constitutes the southernmost,and the earliest occurrence that shows a high species diversity of the *** with other Carpinus fossil records from East Asia,we show that the genus had achieved a high diversity in East Asia at least by the middle *** the six species here described,three have become extinct,indicating that the genus has experienced apparent species loss during its evolutionary history in East *** contrast,the remaining three species closely resemble extant species,raising the possibility that these species may have persisted in East Asia at least since the early *** findings indicate that the accumulation of species diversity of Carpinus in East Asia is a complex process involving extinction,persistence,and possible subsequent speciation.

关键词： Carpinus East Asia Extinction Temperate woody plants Species diversity

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Role Played by Community,Farmers and Government during Eradication and Suppression of Bactrocera dorsalis(Diptera:Tephritidae)in Mopani District Municipality in Limpopo Province,South Africa

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2021年第5期10卷 199-209页

作者： Julie R.Mokwele Ndivhuho G.Khorommbi Juliet R.Moeti Emily N.Munganga JanHendrik Venter directorate Plant Health Department of AgricultureLand Reform and Rural DevelopmentPrivate Bag X250Pretoria 0001South Africa directorate Crop Production Limpopo Department of Agriculture and Rural Development69 Biccard StPolokwane 0699South Africa

Bactrocera dorsalis syn Bactrocera invadens(Diptera:Tephritidae)(***)is a quarantine pest of Asian origin with host plants such as Mango(Mangifera indica),Guava(Psidium guajava),Citrus(Citrus spp.)and Papaya(Carica papaya).*** is considered as a major threat to many countries due to its ability to establish and spread to new areas,the damage it causes to hosts and potential impact on market *** to this threat,the DALRRD(Department of Agriculture,land Reform and Rural Development)placed traps to monitor *** in Mopani District Municipality in *** traps were serviced once a month.A single male specimen of *** was detected for the first time on 27 April 2012,in the Deerpak area in Mopani District Municipality,of the Limpopo Province,South *** incursions occurred in Letsitele and Hoedspruit in the same district,in December *** to the detections,the DALRRD initiated delimiting surveys.A quarantine area was implemented to regulate the removal of host fruits to contain the pest and to initiate an eradication *** eradication and suppression methods focused on applications of BAT(Bait Application Technique),MAT(Male Annihilation Technique)and orchard *** integrated approach was followed by involving several role players which included rural communities,farmers,industry organizations,DALRRD and LDARD(Limpopo Department of Agriculture and Rural Development).After the initial detection in 2012,*** was again detected in Deerpak and Letsitele in 2013,but,not in *** 2014 however,*** was detected in all three areas with higher numbers in summer,with the highest number of 11,953,2,260 and 8 in Deerpak,Hoedspruit and Letsitele,*** increase could have been attributed to the higher than normal rainfall and reduced phytosanitary efforts in some areas by affected *** results of this study revealed that *** can be successfully eradicated and or suppressed prov

关键词： Quarantine B.dorsalis eradication suppression government farmers Mopani

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