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Population amount risk assessment of extreme precipitation-induced landslides based on integrated machine learning model and scenario simulation

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第3期14卷 163-179页

作者： Guangzhi Rong Kaiwei Li Zhijun Tong Xingpeng Liu Jiquan Zhang Yichen Zhang Tiantao Li School of Environment Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Key Laboratory for vegetation ecology Ministry of EducationChangchun 130117China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland ecology and vegetation Restoration Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130117China School of Emergency Management Changchun Institute of TechnologyChangchun 130012China Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geo Environment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

In this study,the future landslide population amount risk(LPAR)is assessed based on integrated machine learning models(MLMs)and scenario simulation techniques in Shuicheng County,***,multiple MLMs were selected and hyperparameters were optimized,and the generated 11 models were crossintegrated to select the best model to calculate landslide susceptibility;by calculating precipitation for different extreme precipitation recurrence periods and combining the susceptibility results to assess the landslide *** the town as the basic unit,the exposure and vulnerability of the future landslide population under different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs)scenarios in each town were assessed,and then combined with the hazard to estimate the LPAR in *** results showed that the integrated model with the optimized random forest model as the combination strategy had the best comprehensive performance in susceptibility *** distribution of hazard classes is similar to susceptibility,and with an increase in precipitation,the low-hazard area and high-hazard decrease and shift to medium-hazard and very high-hazard *** high-risk areas for future landslide populations in Shuicheng County are mainly concentrated in the three southwestern towns with high vulnerability,whereas the northern towns of Baohua and Qinglin are at the lowest risk *** LPAR increased with the intensity of extreme *** LPAR differs significantly among the SSPs scenarios,with the lowest in the“fossil-fueled development(SSP5)”scenario and the highest in the“regional rivalry(SSP3)”*** summary,the landslide susceptibility model based on integrated machine learning proposed in this study has a high predictive *** results of future LPAR assessment can provide theoretical guidance for relevant departments to cope with future socioeconomic development challenges and make corresponding disaster prevention and mitigation plans to prevent landsli

关键词： Landslide population amount risk assessment Integrated Machine Learning Extreme precipitation scenarios Future socioeconomic development scenarios

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Competitive interactions and coexistence of sympatric flagship carnivores in Asia

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 183-199页

作者： Zhilin LI Jiayu LU Xiaoyi SHI Li’an DUO James L.D.SMITH Tianming WANG Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity College of Life SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina Department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina National forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Conservation ecology of Northeast Tiger and Leopard BeijingChina

Understanding the competition and coexistence of flagship carnivores is key to creating strategies for their conservation in the face of global carnivore *** studies exploring the dynamics and competition between tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(***)span decades,there is a lack of understanding regarding the factors that influence their coexistence mechanisms on a broad scale,as well as the drivers determining their exploitative and interference *** gathered a comprehensive list of research papers among which 36 papers explored the interspecific interactions between tigers and leopards and tested the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the coexistence mechanisms along three dimensions using multiple response variables regression models;we also tested the influence of ecological drivers determining the exploitative or interference competition between tigers and *** and ungulate density were the most important predictors in regulating the coexistence *** and leopards exhibited more positive relations/higher overlaps as elevation increased in the spatial *** addition,they showed a higher dietary overlap in the prey-rich *** determined that interference competition between tigers and leopards was less frequently observed in habitats with dense tree cover and homogeneous vegetation ***,studies with multiple metrics would promote the detection of interference *** study provides new insight into the competitive interactions and coexistence mechanisms of tigers and leopards on a broad ***-makers and managers should pay more attention to the factors of elevation,prey abundance,and habitat structures for the conservation of tigers and leopards.

关键词： carnivores coexistence mechanisms competitive interactions exploitative competition interference competition

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Assessment of desertification sensitivity using an improved MEDALUS model in Northern China

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第3期16卷 141-148页

作者： NingJing Tan CaiXia Zhang YingYing Wu ZhenTing Wang Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Station of Gobi Desert ecology and Environment Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China

Assessment of land sensitivity to desertification is an important step to support desertification monitoring and *** on the Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use(MEDALUS)model,we defined four quality indicators(soil,climate,vegetation and management)to evaluate the sensitivity of land in northern China to *** improved MEDALUS via excluding cities from the areas at risk of desertification by means of defining a threshold value for population *** framework,validated in northern China,further optimizes the model to link priority areas and land restoration programmed to support desertification *** found that the four indicators influenced and restricted each other,which jointly affected the distribution of desertification sensitivity in northern *** spatial distribution of sensitivity in northern China showed large regional differences,with clear boundaries and concentrated distributions of regions with high and low sensitivity;the overall sensitivity decreased,with some areas rated as having moderate,severe,and extremely severe sensitivity changing to slight sensitivity;and the influence weight was much higher for the management quality index than for the climate,vegetation,and soil *** suggests that management was the main factor that affected desertification sensitivity in northern China,and that climate factors exacerbated sensitivity,but the factors that are driving the spatial heterogeneity of the influencing factors need further study。

关键词： Desertification Sensitivity MEDALUS Factor analysis Northern China

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Effects of forest canopy density and epixylic vegetation on nutrient concentrations in decaying logs of a subalpine fir forest

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forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 666-673页

作者： Zhuang Wang Wanqin Yang Bo Tan Qin Wang Lifeng Wang Chenhui Chang Rui Cao Yurui Jiang Jörg Müller School of Life Science Taizhou UniversityTaizhouZhejiang318000China Institute of ecology and forestry Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China Field Station Fabrikschleichach Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology(ZoologyⅢ)Julius Maximilians University WürzburgGlashüttenstraße 596181RauhenebrachGermany Bavarian forest National Park Freyunger Straße 294481GrafenauGermany

Background:Deadwood and the associated epixylic vegetation influence nutrient cycles in forest *** canopies strongly regulate deadwood decomposition and disrupt epixylic vegetation on ***,it is unclear how the forest canopy density and epixylic vegetation growth affect the nutrient concentrations in ***:We measured the concentrations of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),calcium(Ca),sodium(Na),magnesium(Mg),and manganese(Mn)in experimentally exposed decaying logs placed in gaps,at the edge of gaps,and under the closed canopy during a four-year decomposition experiment in a Subalpine Faxon fir forest(Abies fargesii ***)on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,*** assess the effect of the epixylic vegetation,we experimentally removed it from half of the logs used in the ***:Under open canopy conditions in the gap and at the edge,the concentrations for most of the nutrients in the bark and the highly decayed wood were lower than under the closed *** effect of the epixylic treatment on nutrient concentrations for all but K and Na in barks varied with the decay *** lower concentrations of N,P,Ca,and Mn following the removal of epixylic vegetation were observed in the wood of decay class *** vegetation significantly increased most nutrient concentrations for decaying barks and wood under open canopy *** contrast,epixylic vegetation had no or minimal effects under the closed ***:forest canopy density and epixylic vegetation significantly alter the nutrient concentrations in decaying *** canopies likely accelerate the rate of nutrient cycling between the epixylic vegetation and decaying logs in subalpine forests.

关键词： Coarse woody debris Natural disturbance forest canopy density Epixylic vegetation Nutrient concentrations

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Mapping Air Quality Using Remote Sensing Technology: A Case Study of Nairobi County

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2024年第1期13卷 1-22页

作者： Quinto Juma Meltus Faith Njoki Karanja Geospatial Engineering Department The University of Nairobi (UoN) Nairobi Kenya Data Management Modeling and Geoinformation Unit (DMMG) International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi Kenya

Nairobi County experiences rapid industrialization and urbanization that contributes to the deteriorating state of air quality, posing a potential health risk to its growing population. Currently, in Nairobi County, most air quality monitoring stations use low-cost, inaccurate monitors prone to defects. The study’s objective was to map Nairobi County’s air quality using freely available remotely sensed imagery. The Air Pollution Index (API) formula was used to characterize the air quality from cloud-free Landsat satellite images i.e., Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+, and Landsat 8 OLI from Google Earth Engine. The API values were computed based on vegetation indices namely NDVI, TVI, DVI, and the SWIR1 and NIR bands on the QGIS platform. Qualitative accuracy assessment was done using sample points drawn from residential, industrial, green spaces, and traffic hotspot categories, based on a passive-random sampling technique. In this study, Landsat 5 API imagery for 2010 provided a reliable representation of local conditions but indicated significant pollution in green spaces, with recorded values ranging from -143 to 334. The study found that Landsat 7 API imagery in 2002 showed expected results with the range of values being -55 to 287, while Landsat 8 indicated high pollution levels in Nairobi. The results emphasized the importance of air quality factors in API calibration and the unmatched spatial coverage of satellite observations over ground-based monitoring techniques. The study recommends the recalibration of the API formula for characteristic regions, exploring newer satellite sensors like those onboard Landsat 9 and Sentinel 2, and involving key stakeholders in a discourse to develop a suitable Kenyan air quality index.

关键词： Air Quality Air Pollution Index (API) Satellite Imagery vegetation Indices Nairobi County

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Water and thermal conditions variation and the vegetation response at semi⁃ arid Basin

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Shengtai Xuebao 2024年第16期44卷 7198-7212页

作者： Fang Q. Zhang S. Wang G. Wang Y. Duan L. Liu T. Yao J. School of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China The College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot 010018 China The School of ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 China

Recently, most semi⁃arid basins in China have experienced vegetation greening under significant water and thermal conditions changes, which has exacerbated the shortage of water resources despite the positive effect of increasing carbon sinks and reducing carbon emissions. The study of vegetation response under variations of water and thermal conditions can help to understand the mechanism of the balance between the hydrological processes and vegetation pattern and is of great significance for the sustainable utilization of water resources and ecological protection. However, few studies have focused on the time⁃periodic and segmented response mechanisms of vegetation dynamics to variations of water and thermal conditions, resulting in unclear mechanisms of trade⁃off between vegetation greening and water resources. This study analyzed the varied trends of water and thermal conditions and discussed the spatio⁃temporal response of vegetation from two points: overall trends and varied processes at the upper and middle Hailar River Basin from 1980 to 2012 by using trends and wavelet period analysis. The results show that: (1) spatially, the average annual precipitation increased and the temperature decreased from west (grassland) to east (forest). Compared with the grassland area, the runoff and the Normalized Difference vegetation Index (NDVI) in the forest area showed larger, and indicated slower warming and larger precipitation declining. (2) Temporally, the average annual precipitation and the runoff slightly decreased with a trend of 10 mm/ 10 a and 19.3 mm/ 10 a, respectively; the average annual temperature and NDVI in the growing season increased significantly with a trend of 0.65 ℃ / 10 a and 0.003—0.006/ 10 a, respectively. The results suggested that warming and drying inhibited the runoff and increased the vegetation growth, even in the context of precipitation increased and smooth increasing trend of temperature after 1998, showing the accumulative effect of w

关键词： runoff variations vegetation response water and thermal conditions water stress

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Natural tourmaline activated peracetic acid for efficient degradation of sulfadiazine: Reaction mechanisms and catalyst reusability

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2023年第4期33卷 458-466页

作者： Zhendong Chen Liuyang He Shitai Shen Desong Zhang Zhuqi Chen Li Wu Lie Yang Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of vegetation ecology of the Ministry of Education School of Environment Northeast Normal University

Peracetic acid(PAA) has received extensive attention in the water treatment due to its high oxidation potential and low toxicity of by-products. In this study, natural non-toxic mineral tourmaline(TM) was used to activate PAA to remove sulfadiazine(SDZ). The TM/PAA system could remove 92 % SDZ in 120 min. The radical analysis confirmed the co-existence of both free radical and non-free radical degradation pathways in the TM/PAA system,indicating that singlet oxygen(1O2) and acetyl(per)oxy radicals(CH3C(O)O· and CH3C(O)OO·) were the main reactive oxygen species. The Fe2+/Fe3+ratio on the TM surface decreased during the degradation of SDZ due to Fe2+consumption. The effect of water matrix on SDZ removal indicated that Cl-, SO42-and NO3-posed little effect on SDZ removal, while CO32-inhibited SDZ removal by affecting pH. Particularly, humic acid(HA) slightly promoted SDZ removal. Ten by-products of SDZ were identified by HPLC-MS/MS, and four possible transformation pathways(SO2detachment, S–N breakage, amino acid oxidation, and hydroxylation) were *** was recycled five times and the removal of SDZ remained above 85 %, confirming its excellent *** work indicates the TM/PAA system is of great potential for the application on the organic contaminant removal.

关键词： Peracetic acid Tourmaline Singlet oxygen Organic radicals

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Belowground Bud Bank Is Insensitive to Short-Term Nutrient Addition in the Meadow Steppe of Inner Mongolia

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1129-1141页

作者： Jin Tao Jiatai Tian Dongmei Li Jinlei Zhu Qun Ma Zhiming Zhang Jungang Chen Yipeng Liu Jianqiang Qian College of forestry Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450002China Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing100093China Institute of Applied ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110164China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Liaoning Metallurgical Geological Exploration Research Institute Co. Anshan114038China

Human activities and industrialization have signiﬁcantly increased soil nutrients,such as nitrogen(N)and phos-phorus(P),profoundly impacting the composition and structure of plant community,as well as the ecosystem functions,especially in nutrient-limited ***,as the key propagule pool of perennial grasslands,how belowground bud bank and its relationship with aboveground vegetation respond to short-term changes in soil nutrients was still *** this study,we conducted a short-term(2021–2022)soil fertilization experiment with N addition(10 g N m^(-2) yr^(-1))and P addition(5 g N m^(-2) yr^(-1))in the meadow steppe of Inner Mongolia,China,to explore the responses of belowground bud bank,aboveground shoot population and their relationships(represented by the ratio of bud to shoot density-meristem limitation index(MLI))for the whole community and three plant functional groups(perennial rhizomatous grasses-PR,perennial bunchgrasses-PB,and perennial forbs-PF)to nutrient *** short-term nutrient addition had no signiﬁcant inﬂuences on belowground bud density,aboveground shoot density,and MLI of the whole plant *** functional groups showed different responses to soil ***ﬁcally,N addition signiﬁcantly increased the bud density and shoot density of PR,especially in combination with P addition.N addition reduced the shoot density of PF but had no inﬂuence on its bud density and *** addition had signiﬁcant effects on the three indicators of *** study indicates that the belowground bud bank and its relationship with aboveground vegetation in temperate meadow steppe are insensitive to short-term soil fertilization,but plant functional groups exhibit speciﬁc responses in terms of population regeneration,which implies that plant community composition and ecosystem functions will be changed under the ongoing global change.

关键词： Clonal trait population regeneration community dynamics soil resource availability nitrogen addition

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Possibility of avoiding legumes-deriving boost of N 2 O emissions in tropical monoculture tree plantations

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Journal of forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 565-573页

作者： Taiki Mori Chongrak Wachrinrat Duriya Staporn Ryota Aoyagi Ponthep Meunpong Warawich Suebsai Khitja Boonsri Kanehiro Kitayama forest ecology Laboratory Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKitashirakawa Oiwake-cho Sakyo-kuKyoto 606-8502Japan Key Laboratory of vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China forestry and forest Products Research Institute FFPRI 1 MatsunosatoTsukubaIbaraki 305-8687Japan Faculty of forestry Kasetsart UniversityChatuchakBangkok 10900Thailand Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Bocas TownIsla AncónRepublic of Panama

Recent reports warned that planting leguminous trees under monocultures elevates nitrous oxide(N2O)emissions through N-rich litter *** hypothesized that planting trees on sandy soil can avoid the legume-derived boost of N2O emissions through limiting water availability for N2O *** of planting legumes on methane(CH4)uptakes were also examined.N2O emissions and CH4uptakes were compared among five tropical tree plantation stands including three leguminous stands(Acacia auriculiformis,Acacia mangium,and Xylia xylocarpa)and two non-leguminous stands(Eucalyptus camaldulensis,and Hope a odorata).Due to lower water contents of the soil,the N2O fluxes in our study site were at the lower end of the tropical rain *** we hypothesized,no clear differences in N2O emissions were obs erved between leguminous and non-leguminous ***4uptake rates in the present study were lower than those of other tropical ***4uptakes in leguminous stands did not differ from those in non-leguminous ***,we demonstrated that planting leguminous trees on sandy soils has a potential to enable us to manage leguminous monoculture tree plantations without boosting N2O emissions or reducing CH4uptakes.

关键词： Nitrous oxide Methane Fast-growing trees Tropical forest Soil texture

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PuHox52 promotes coordinated uptake of nitrate,phosphate, and iron under nitrogen deficiency in Populus ussuriensis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第3期65卷 791-809页

作者： Ming Wei Mengqiu Zhang Jiali Sun Ying Zhao Solme Pak Miaomiao Ma Yingxi Chen Han Lu Jingli Yang Hairong Wei Yuhua Li Chenghao Li State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding School of ForestryNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China College of Life Sciences Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China College of forest Resources and Environmental Science Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMichigan 49931USA Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali vegetation ecology Restoration(Northeast forestry University) Ministry of EducationHarbin 150040China

It is of great importance to better understand how trees regulate nitrogen(N) uptake under N deficiency conditions which severely challenge afforestation practices, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been well elucidated. Here,we functionally characterized PuHox52, a Populus ussuriensis HD-ZIP transcription factor, whose overexpression greatly enhanced nutrient uptake and plant growth under N deficiency. We first conducted an RNA sequencing experiment to obtain root transcriptome using PuHox52-overexpression lines of P. ussuriensis under low N treatment. We then performed multiple genetic and phenotypic analyses to identify key target genes of PuHox52 and validated how they acted against N deficiency under PuHox52 ***52 was specifically induced in roots by N deficiency, and overexpression of PuHox52promoted N uptake, plant growth, and root development. We demonstrated that several nitrate-responsive genes(PuNRT1.1, PuNRT2.4,PuCLC-b, PuNIA2, PuNIR1, and PuNLP1),phosphate-responsive genes(PuPHL1A and PuPHL1B), and an iron transporter gene(PuIRT1) were substantiated to be direct targets of PuHox52. Among them, PuNRT1.1, PuPHL1A/B, and PuIRT1 were upregulated to relatively higher levels during PuHox52-mediated responses against N deficiency in PuHox52-overexpression lines compared to WT. Our study revealed a novel regulatory mechanism underlying root adaption to N deficiency where PuHox52 modulated a coordinated uptake of nitrate, phosphate, and iron through 'PuHox52-PuNRT1.1', 'PuHox52-PuPHL1A/PuPHL1B', and'PuHox52-PuIRT1' regulatory relationships in poplar roots.

关键词： HD-Zip transcription factor iron transport nitrate transport nitrogen deprivation phosphate absorption Populus ussuriensis root architecture target gene

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