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Preliminary assessment of growth and survival of green alder(Alnus viridis), a potential biological stabilizer on fly ash disposal sites

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Journal of forestry Research 2015年第1期26卷 131-136页

作者： Marcin Pietrzykowski Wojciech Krzaklewski Bartomiej Wo department of forest ecology Forest FacultyUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow

This paper presents preliminary assessment of seedling survival and growth of green alder（Alnus viridis（Chaix） DC. in Lam. ＆ DC.） planted on fly ash disposal sites. This kind of post-industrial site is extremely hard to biologically stabilize without top-soiling. The experiment started with surface preparation using NPK start-up mineral fertilizer at 60–36–36 kg ha-1followed by initial stabilization through hydro-seeding with biosolids（sewage sludge 4 Mg ha-1dry mass） and a mixture of grasses（Dactylis glomerata L. and Lolium multiflorum Lam.）（200 kg ha-1）. Subsequently, three-years-old green alder seedlings were planted in plots on two substrate variants：the control（directly on combustion waste） and plots with3 dm3 lignite culm from a nearby mine introduced into the planting pit. Five years of preliminary monitoring show good survival seedling rates and growth parameters（height（h）, average increase in height（Dh）, number of shoots（L o）and leaf nitrogen supply in the fly ash disposal *** of the site with a combination of lignite culm in planting pits and preliminary surface preparation by hydroseeding and mineral fertilization had the most positive effect on green alder seedling parameters. The results indicate that it is possible and beneficial to use green alder for biological stabilization on fly ash disposal sites.

关键词： Fly ash Green alder Seedlings survival Growth Biological stabilisation

Soil quality index as a tool for Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris) monoculture conversion planning on afforested,reclaimed mine land

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Journal of forestry Research 2014年第1期25卷 63-74页

作者： Marcin Pietrzykowski department of forest ecology Forest FacultyUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow

In Central Europe, a large portion of post-mining sites were afforested with Scots pine, which is characterized by good adaptability and a tolerance for poor habitat at the beginning of forest ecosystem development. Conversion of monoculture on mine sites into more biodi- verse mixed hardwood forests, especially on more fertile deposits, can be an emerging need in this part of Europe in next decades. The ability to classify the forests at these post-mining sites will facilitate proper species selection as well as the management and formation of the developed ecosystem＇s stability. This work describes the guidelines that can be followed to assess reclaimed mine soil （RMS） quality, using the mine soil quality index （MSQI） and a classification of developed forest sites as a basis of tree-stand species selection and conversion of pine monocul- tures. The research was conducted on four post-mining facilities （lignite, hard coal, sulphur, and sand pit mining areas） on different RMS sub- strates dominant in Central Europe. Soil quality assessment takes into account the following features of the soil： texture soil nutrients （Ca, Mg, K, Na, P）; acidity （pH KC1）; and Corg-to-Nt ratio in the initial organic horizon. An analysis was conducted of classification systems using the MSQI validation correlation （at p =0.05） with vegetation features af- fected by succession： aboveground biomass of forest floor and ecological indicators of vascular plants （calculated on the basis of EUenberg＇s （2009） system）. Eventually, in the analysed data set, the MSQI ranged from 0.270 for soils on quaternary sands to 0.720 for a mix of quaternary loamy sands with neogene clays. Potential forest habitat types and the role of the pine in the next generation of tree stands on different RMS parent rock substrate were proposed.

关键词： mining sites afforestation pine monoculture conversion soil quality index forest habitat classification.

Modeling some long-term implications of CO_2 fertilization for global forests and forest industries

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forest Ecosystems 2016年第1期3卷 13-25页

作者： Joseph Buongiorno department of forest and Wildlife ecology University of Wisconsin-Madison

Background： This paper explored the long-term, ceteris-paribus effects of potential CO2 fertilization on the global forest sector. Based on the findings of Norby et al. （PNAS 2005, 102（50）） about forest response to elevated [CO2]. Methods： forest productivity was increased in the Global forest Products Model （GFPM） in proportion to the rising [CO2] projected in the IPCC scenario A1B, A2, and 132. Projections of the forest area and forest stock and of the production, consumption, prices, and trade of products ranging from fuelwood to paper and paperboard were obtained with the GFPM for each scenario, with and without CO2 fertilization beginning in 2011 and up to 2065. Results： CO2 fertilization increased wood supply, leading to lower wood prices which in turn induced modest lower prices of end products and higher global consumption. However, production and value added in industries decreased in some regions due to the relative competitive advantages and to the varying regional effects of CO2 fertilization. Conclusion： The main effect of CO2 fertilization was to raise the level of the world forest stock in 2065 by 9 to 10 % for scenarios A2 and B2 and by 20 % for scenario A1B. The rise in forest stock induced by fertilization was in part counteracted by its stimulation of the wood supply which resulted in lower wood prices and increased harvests.

关键词： CO2 fertilization Climate change Prices Supply Demand International trade

Application of the Nutrient Cycling Model NuCM to a forest Monitoring Site Exposed to Acidic Precipitation in China

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Pedosphere 2008年第6期18卷 681-690页

作者： ZHU Jian-Hua YU Peng-Tao T. A. SOGN WANG Yan-Hui J. MULDER Research Institute of forest ecology and environment Chinese Academy of Forestry and the Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of the Chinese State Forestry Administration Beijing 100091 （China） department of Plant and environmental Sciences Agricultural University of Norway P.O. Box 5003 N-1430 Aas（Norway）

The nutrient cycling model NuCM is one of the most detailed models for simulating processes that influence nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. A field study was conducted at Tieshanping, a Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) forest site, in Chongqing, China, to monitor the impacts of acidic precipitation on nutrient cycling. NuCM simulations were compared with observed data from the study site. The model produced an approximate fit with the observed data. It simulated the mean annual soil solution concentrations in the two simulation years, whereas it sometimes failed to reproduce seasonal variation. Even though some of the parameters required by model running were measured in the field, some others were still highly uncertain and the uncertainties were analyzed. Some of the uncertain parameters necessary for model running should be measured and calibrated to produce a better fit between modeled results and field data.

关键词： acid rain forest soil nutrient cycling model simulation

Characteristics of canopy interception and its simulation with a revised Gash model for a larch plantation in the Liupan Mountains, China

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Journal of forestry Research 2018年第1期29卷 187-198页

作者： Zebin Liu Yanhui Wang Ao Tian Yu Liu Ashley A.Webb Yarui Wang Haijun Zuo Pengtao Yu Wei Xiong Lihong Xu Institute of forest ecology Environment and ProtectionChinese Academy of Forestry Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Environment of State Forestry Administration College of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University NSW department of Primary Industries Tamworth Agricultural Institute

Canopy interception is a significant proportion of incident rainfall and evapotranspiration of forest ecosystems. Hence, identifying its magnitude is vital for studies of eco-hydrological processes and hydrological impact evaluation. In this study, throughfall, stemflow and interception were measured in a pure Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr.（larch） plantation in the Liupan Mountains of northwestern China during the growing season（May–October） of 2015, and simulated using a revised Gash model. During the study period, the total precipitation was 499.0 mm; corresponding total throughfall, stemflow and canopy interception were 410.3, 2.0 and 86.7 mm,accounting for 82.2, 0.4 and 17.4% of the total precipitation, respectively. With increasing rainfall, the canopy interception ratio of individual rainfall events decreased initially and then tended to stabilize. Within the study period, the simulated total canopy interception, throughfall and stemflow were 2.2 mm lower, 2.5 mm higher and 0.3 mm lower than their measured values, with a relative error of 2.5, 0.6 and 15.0%, respectively. As quantified by the model, canopy interception loss（79%） mainly consisted of interception caused by canopy adsorption, while the proportions of additional interception and trunk interception were small. The revised Gash model was highly sensitive to the parameter of canopy storage capacity,followed by the parameters of canopy density and mean rainfall intensity, but less sensitive to the parameters of mean evaporation rate, trunk storage capacity, and stemflow ratio. The revised Gash model satisfactorily simulated the total canopy interception of the larch plantation within the growing season but was less accurate for some individual rainfall events, indicating that some flaws exist in the model structure. Further measures to improve the model’s ability in simulating the interception of individual rainfall events were suggested.

关键词： Canopy interception Larch plantation Revised Gash model Stemflow Throughfall

Oxidation of S(Ⅳ)in Seawater by Pulsed High Voltage Discharge Plasma with TiO_2/Ti Electrode as Catalyst~

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第12期15卷 1209-1214页

作者：巩建英张兴旺王小平雷乐成 Institute of Industrial ecology and environment Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University

Oxidation of S（IV） to S（VI） in the effluent of a flue gas desulfurization（FGD） sys- tem is very critical for industrial applications of seawater FGD. This paper reports a pulsed corona discharge oxidation process combined with a TiO2 photocatalyst to convert S（IV） to S（VI） in artificial seawater. Experimental results show that the oxidation of S（IV） in artificial seawater is enhanced in the pulsed discharge plasma process through the application of TiO2 coating electrodes. The oxidation rate of S（IV） using Ti metal as a ground electrode is about 2.0x10-4 mol. L 1. min-1, the oxidation rate using TiO2/Ti electrode prepared by annealing at 500 ~C in air is 4.5x 10-4 tool. L-a ~ min-1, an increase with a factor 2.25. The annealing temper- ature for preparing TiO2/Ti electrode has a strong effect on the oxidation of S（IV） in artificial seawater. The results of in-situ emission spectroscopic analysis show that chemically active species （i.e. hydroxyl radicals and oxygen radicals） are produced in the pulsed discharge plasma process. Compared with the traditional air oxidation process and the sole plasma-induced oxidation process, the combined application of TiO2 photocatalysts and a pulsed high-voltage electrical discharge process is useful in enhancing the energy and conversion efficiency of S（IV） for the seawater FGD system.

关键词： pulsed high-voltage electrical discharge titanium dioxide energy efficiency,oxidative species sulfite oxidation

Effects of microtopography on spatial point pattern of forest stands on the semi-arid Loess Plateau,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第3期7卷 370-380页

作者： WeiJun ZHAO Yan ZHANG QingKe ZHU Wei QIN ShuZhen PENG Ping LI YanMin ZHAO Huan MA Yu WANG Key Laboratory of Tourist Resources and environment in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province Taishan University forestry Ecological Engineering Research Center (Ministry of Education) Beijing Forestry University department of Sedimentation China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Key Laboratory of forest ecology and environment of State forestry Administration Institute of Forest EcologyEnvironment and ProtectionChinese Academy of Forestry

Microtopography may affect the distribution of forests through its effect on rain redistribution and soil water distribution on the semi-arid Loess Plateau,*** this study,we investigated the characteristics of microtopography on two shady slopes（slope A,5 hm2,uniform slope;slope B,5 hm2,microtopography slope） and surveyed the height,the diameter at breast height and the location（x,y coordinates） of all selected individual trees（Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.,Pyrus betulifolia Bunge,Populus hopeiensis Hu ＆ Chow,Armeniaca sibirica Lam.,Populus simonii *** Ulmus pumila Linn.） on slope A and slope B in the watersheds of Wuqi county,Shaanxi ***,the effects of microtopography on the spatial pattern of forest stands were analyzed using Ripley＇s K（r） *** results showed that：（1） The maximal aggregation radiuses of the tree species on the uniform slope（slope A） were larger than 40 m,whereas those of the tree species on the microtopography slope（slope B） were smaller than 30 m.（2） On slope B,the spatial association of *** with ***,***,*** and *** varied from being strongly negative to positive at microtopography *** spatial association of Populus hopeiensis Hu ＆ Chow with *** also varied from being strongly negative to positive at microtopography ***,there was no spatial association between *** and ***,*** and ***,*** and ***,*** and ***,*** and ***,*** and ***,*** and ***,*** and ***,and *** and *** slope A,the spatial association between tree species were strongly *** results suggest that microtopography may shape tree distribution patterns on the semi-arid Loess Plateau.

关键词： microtopography univariate spatial patterns aggregation negative association positive association

The Potential Contribution of Wildlife Sanctuary to forest Conservation: A Case Study from Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第5期10卷 854-865页

作者： Balwant RAWAT Vikram S.NEGI Janhvi MISHRA RAWAT Lalit M.TEWARI Laxmi RAWAT G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan environment and Development Kosi-Katarmal forest Research Institute DehradunMolecular TaxonomyBotany Division department of Botany D.S.B. CampusKumaun University forest Research Institute DehradunForest Ecology and Environment Division

forest vegetation of a protected area （Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary） in Kumaun region （west Himalaya） was analysed for structure, composition and representativeness across three different altitudinal belts, lower （1,6oo-1,8oo m a.s.1.）, middle （1,900-2,100 m a.s.1.） and upper （2,200-2,400 m a.s.1.） during 2oo9-2011 using standard phytosociological methods. Four aspects （east, west, north and south） in each altitudinal belt were chosen for sampling to depict maximum representation of vegetation in the sanctuary. Population structure and regeneration behaviour was analysed seasonally for two years to show the establishment and growth of tree species. A total of 147 plant species were recorded from the entire region of which 27 tree species were selected for detailed study. Highest number was recorded at upper （18 species）, and lowest at lower altitudinal belt （15 species）. The relative proportion of species richness showed higher contribution of tree layer at each altitudinal belt. The population structure, based on the number of individuals, revealed a greater proportion of seedling layer at each altitudinal belt. The relative proportion of seedlings increases significantly along altitudinal belts （p〈0.05） while opposite trends were observed in sapling and tree layers. The density of sapling and seedling species varied non-significantly across seasons （p〉0.05）. The density values decreased in summer and increased during rainy season. As far as the regeneration status is concerned, middle and upper altitudinal belts showed maximum number of species with fair regeneration as compared to lower altitudinal belt. Overall density diameter distribution of tree species showed highest species density and richness in the smallest girth class and decreased in the succeeding girth classes. This study suggests that patterns of regeneration behaviour would determine future structural and compositional changes in the forest communities. It is suggested that the compositional changes v

关键词： Altitudinal gradient Populationstructure Regeneration status West Himalaya Wildlife Sanctuary.

Community structure and elevational diversity patterns of soil Acidobacteria

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第8期26卷 1717-1724页

作者： Yuguang Zhang Jing Cong Hui Lu Guangliang Li Yuanyuan Qu Xiujiang Su Jizhong Zhou Diqiang Li Institute of forestry ecology Environment and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of State Forestry AdministrationChinese Academy of Forestry School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering Central South University Institute for environmental Genomics Department of Botany and MicrobiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Hunan Baiyunshan National Nature Reserve

Acidobacteria is one of the most dominant and abundant phyla in soil,and was believed to have a wide range of metabolic and genetic functions. Relatively little is known about its community structure and elevational diversity patterns. We selected four elevation gradients from 1000 to 2800 m with typical vegetation types of the northern slope of Shennongjia Mountain in central China. The vegetation types were evergreen broadleaved forest,deciduous broadleaved forest,coniferous forest and sub-alpine shrubs. We analyzed the soil acidobacterial community composition,elevational patterns and the relationship between Acidobacteria subdivisions and soil enzyme activities by using the 16 S rRNA meta-sequencing technique and multivariate statistical analysis. The result found that 19 known subdivisions as well as an unclassified phylotype were presented in these forest sites,and Subdivision 6 has the highest number of detectable operational taxonomic units（OTUs）. A significant single peak distribution pattern（P 〈 0.05） between the OTU number and the elevation was observed. The Jaccard and Bray–Curtis index analysis showed that the soil Acidobacteria compositional similarity significantly decreased（P 〈 0.01） with the increase in elevation distance. Mantel test analysis showed the most of the soil Acidobacteria subdivisions had the significant relationship（P 〈 0.01） with different soil enzymes. Therefore,soil Acidobacteria may be involved in different ecosystem functions in global elemental cycles. Partial Mantel tests and CCA analysis showed that soil pH,soil temperature and plant diversity may be the key factors in shaping the soil Acidobacterial community structure.

关键词： Elevational pattern Potential metabolic activity Acidobacterial subdivision Soil pH Driving factor environmental change