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Satellite remote sensing reveals overwhelming recovery of forest from disturbances in Asia

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 46-51页

作者： Yiying Zhu Hesong Wang Anzhi Zhang School of ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Regional climate and Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of forestry and Landscape Architecture Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiChina

forest ecosystems play key roles in mitigating human-induced climate change through enhanced carbon uptake;however,frequently occurring climate extremes and human activities have considerably threatened the stability of *** the same time,detailed accounts of disturbances and forest responses are not yet well quantified in *** study employed the Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend method-an abrupt-change detection method-to analyze the Enhanced Vegetation Index time series in East Asia,South Asia,and Southeast *** approach allowed us to detect forest disturbance and quantify the resilience after *** showed that 20%of forests experienced disturbance with an increasing trend from 2000 to 2022,and Southeast Asian countries were more severely affected by ***,95%of forests had robust resilience and could recover from disturbance within a few *** resilience of forests suffering from greater magnitude of disturbance tended to be stronger than forests with lower disturbance *** summary,this study investigated the resilience of forests across the low and middle latitudes of Asia over the past two *** authors found that most forests exhibited good resilience after disturbance and about two-thirds had recovered to a better state in *** findings of this study underscore the complex relationship between disturbance and resilience,contributing to comprehension of forest resilience through satellite remote sensing.

关键词： forest ecosystem Enhanced vegetation index Breaks for additive seasonal and trend method Disturbance Resilience

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Recent advances in assessment of soil erosion vulnerability in a watershed

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第3期9卷 305-318页

作者： Shachi Pandey Parmanand Kumar Miodrag Zlatic Raman Nautiyal Vijender Pal Panwar forest ecology and climate change division Forest Research InstituteDehradunIndia Faculty of forestry Belgrade UniversityBelgradeSerbia Indian Council of forestry Research and Education India

Soil erosion is one of the most critical hazards adversely affecting both environment and *** of the annual soil erosion rate provides information on soil erosion risk zones indicating the areas with high,severe and low *** and prediction of soil erosion has a long history of more than seven *** becomes imperative to be familiar with the quantum of studies conducted and methods employed across the world to assess vulnerability of ecosystems to soil erosion to plan strategies for their *** are several methods based on various factors like land use,soil quality,topography *** to assess the susceptibility of a region to soil *** time the gap in understanding of such models and their use around the world has *** models for assessing soil erosion exist but there is a lack of knowledge on spatial distribution of the methods being *** papers related to assessment of soil erosion vulnerability published during the past three decades(1991—2019)were *** 160 studies were reviewed to understand advances in the methods used to assess soil erosion vulnerability worldwide,identification of the most popular methods and proportion of studies conducted in the fragile region of *** results show that 18 different methods have mainly been used to assess soil erosion risk in different *** methods include statistical,physical,process based and empirical *** use of few physical methods like ANSWERS and SHE has decreased with time while that of physical and process methods like RUSLE,SWAT,WEPP and PESERA has increased with *** review highlighted that various models being used worldwide are based on their suitability to the *** also brings to attention that few models like PESERA,EUROSEM and WEPP are mostly being used concentrated in a particular *** like PESERA and EPM are mostly used in European region and may be encouraged to estimate soil er

关键词： Soil erosion vulnerability RUSLE MCDM

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Response of ground beetles(Coleoptera:Carabidae)to forest gaps formed by a typhoon in a red pine forest at Gwangneung forest,Republic of Korea

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Journal of forestry Research 2017年第1期28卷 173-181页

作者： Cheol Min Lee Tae-Sung Kwon Kwangil Cheon Center for forest and climate change Korea Forest Research InstituteSeoulRepublic of Korea division of forest Insect Pests and Diseases Korea Forest Research InstituteSeoulRepublic of Korea National Institute of ecology Eco-Database ManagementSeochenRepublic of Korea

In Korea, damaging typhoons related to climate change have increased steadily since the 1990s. Red pine （Pinus densiflora） forests in Gwangneung forest were greatly disturbed by typhoon Kompasu in 2010. A survey was carried out to clarify differences in ground beetle （Coleoptera： Carabidae） communities between forest gaps and undamaged forests. Ground beetles were sampled using pitfall traps from early May to late October 2011. Vegetation changes, litter layer, organic matter layer, and soil conditions were also measured. A total of 1035 ground beetles of 32 species were collected. Contrary to our expectation, species richness, abundance, and community structure of the ground beetles in forest gaps were similar to those in undamaged forests. Species richness and abundance of habitat type were also similar. However, species diversity and estimated species richness in forest gaps were significantly higher than in undamaged forests. These findings suggest that forest gaps formed by a typhoon did not lead to great change in ground beetle communities.

关键词： climate change Ground beetle forest gap Red pine forest Typhoon

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Genetic Improvement of Willow for Bioenergy and Biofuels

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第2期53卷 151-165页

作者： Angela Karp Steve J.Hanley Sviatlana O.Trybush William Macalpine Ian Shield Centre for Bioenergy and climate change Plant and Invertebrate Ecology DepartmentRothamsted Research

Willows （Salix spp.） are a very diverse group of catkin-bearing trees and shrubs that are widely distributed across temperate regions of the globe. Some species respond well to being grown in short rotation coppice （SRC） cycles, which are much shorter than conventional forestry. Cop- picing reinvigorates growth and the biomass rapidly accumulated can be used as a source of renewable carbon for bioenergy and biofuels. As SRC willows re-distribute nutrients during the perennial cycle they require only minimal nitrogen fertilizer for growth. This results in fuel chains with potentially high greenhouse gas reductions. To exploit their potential for renewable energy, willows need to be kept free of pests and diseases and yields need to be improved without significantly increasing the requirements for fertilizers and water. The biomass composition needs to be optimized for different end-uses. Yields also need to be sustainable on land less productive for food crops to reduce conflicts over land use. Advances in understanding the physiology and growth of willow, and in the identification of genes underlying key traits, are now at the stage where they can start to be used in breeding programs to help achieve these goals.

关键词： Genetic Improvement of Willow for Bioenergy and Biofuels QTLs SRC

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Diversity patterns and phylogenetic structure of vascular plants along elevational gradients in a mountain ecosystem, South Korea

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第2期15卷 280-295页

作者： CHUN Jung-Hwa LEE Chang-Bae division of forest ecology National Institute of Forest Science Global Resources division Korea Forestry Promotion Institute

Recently, a phylogenetic diversity and community structure analysis as complementary to species-centric approaches in biodiversity studies provides new insights into the processes of community assembly. In this study, we analyzed species and phylogenetic diversity and community structures for woody and herbaceous plants along two elevational transects on Mt. Baekhwa, South Korea. The species richness and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants showed monotonic declining patterns with increasing elevation along all transects, whereas herbaceous plants showed different patterns, such as no relationship and a reversed unimodal pattern, between the study transects. The main drivers of these patterns were climate and habitat variables for woody and herbaceous plants, respectively. In addition, the phylogenetic community structure primarily showed phylogenetic clustering regulated by deterministic processes, especially environmental filtering, such as climate or habitat factors, along the two transects, although herbaceous plants along a transect depicted phylogenetic randomness as a result of a neutral process. Our findings suggest that deterministic and neutral processes may simultaneously control the community structures along small-scale elevational gradients such as local transects, although the deterministic process may be the predominant type.

关键词： Community structure Deterministicprocess Elevational gradient Neutral process Phylogenetic diversity Species richness

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Bayesian meta-analysis of regional biomass factors for Quercus mongolica forests in South Korea

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Journal of forestry Research 2015年第4期26卷 875-885页

作者： Tzeng Yih Lam Xiaodong Li Rae Hyun Kim Kyeong Hak Lee Yeong Mo Son division of forest Management Department of Forest and Climate Change Korea Forest Research Institute57 Hoegiro Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 130-712 South Korea School of forestry and Resource Conservation National Taiwan University

Indirect approaches to estimation of biomass factors are often applied to measure carbon flux in the forestry sector. An assumption underlying a country-level carbon stock estimate is the representativeness of these factors. Although intensive studies have been conducted to quantify biomass factors, each study typically covers a limited geographic area. The goal of this study was to employ a meta-analysis approach to develop regional bio- mass factors for Quercus mongolica forests in South Korea. The biomass factors of interest were biomass conversion and expansion factor （BCEF）, biomass expansion factor （BEF） and root-to-shoot ratio （RSR）. Our objectives were to select probability density functions （PDFs） that best fitted the three biomass factors and to quantify their means and uncertainties. A total of 12 scientific publications were selected as data sources based on a set of criteria. Fromthese publications we chose 52 study sites spread out across South Korea. The statistical model for the meta- analysis was a multilevel model with publication （data source） as the nesting factor specified under the Bayesian framework. Gamma, Log-normal and Weibull PDFs were evaluated. The Log-normal PDF yielded the best quanti- tative and qualitative fit for the three biomass factors. However, a poor fit of the PDF to the long right tail of observed BEF and RSR distributions was apparent. The median posterior estimates for means and 95 % credible intervals for BCEF, BEF and RSR across all 12 publica- tions were 1.016 （0.800-1.299）, 1.414 （1.304-1.560） and 0.260 （0.200-0.335）, respectively. The Log-normal PDF proved useful for estimating carbon stock of Q. mongolica forests on a regional scale and for uncertainty analysis based on Monte Carlo simulation.

关键词： Uncertainty analysis Monte Carlosimulation Bayesian hierarchical model Nestingstructure Biomass estimation

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Erodibility study of sediment in a fast-flowing river

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第2期34卷 144-154页

作者： Cheng He David Nguyen Watershed Hydrology and ecology Research division National Water Research InstituteEnvironment and Climate Change Canada Department of Environmental Engineering University of Guelph

Determination of sediment stability in the field is challenging because bed shear stress(BSS),a determining factor of sediment erosion,can’t easily be directly *** tackle this challenge and reliably assess sediment erodibility in a fast flowing river,a standalone underwater camera system and a new insitu flume(ISF)were developed and applied in this *** camera system was used to record sediment movement and the new ISF was used for measuring critical bottom shear stress(CBSS).The camera can be deployed alone in water to record videos or take pictures with light emitting diode(LED)lighting and flexible schedule *** ISF is based on the concept that the amount of force needed to erode the same particle under different flow conditions should be *** high resolution Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers(ADCP)also were deployed in the field to collect velocity-depth profiles which are used by conventional methods to calculate BSS with the law of the *** sediment erodibility was then assessed based on the comparison between the obtained CBSS and BSS and then further verified with the recorded observations from the deployed *** results reveal that the widely used conventional method can produce large uncertainties and is not adequate to provide meaningful conclusion under these conditions.

关键词： Sediment erodibility Bed shear stress Critical bed shear stress Underwater camera

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changes of the Flowering Time of Trees in Spring by climate change in Seoul, South Korea

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第4期89卷 1019-1033页

作者： Hyewon Kim Chanwoo Park Jong Hwan Lim Hye Woo Shin Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative The Graduate SchoolEwha Womans UniversitySeoul03760Korea forest ecology and climate change division National Institute of Forest ScienceSeoul02455Korea Research Institute of Ecoscience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul03760Korea

Flowering onset has attracted much attention in ecological research as an important indicator of climate ***,warmer temperatures advance flowering *** effect of climate warming on flowering onset is more pronounced in spring because the difference between atmospheric and water temperatures creates more rapid convection than in other *** analyzed the correlation between 73 species of spring woody plants in Hongneung Arboretum in Seoul,South Korea and the spring minimum temperature and average precipitation over the past 50 years(1968–2018).The spring minimum temperature and average precipitation have increased over the past 50 years,resulting in the advance of the first flowing date(FFD)in all 73 species by 8.5 days on average.A comparison of FFD changes over time by dividing the survey period into three time periods confirmed the advance of the FFD in 50 species(68%of investigated species)by 11.1 days on average in both Period 2(1999–2008)and Period 3(2009–2018)relative to Period 1(1968–1975).Additionally,a delay of the FFD by 3.2 days on average was observed in 8 *** FFD of Lonicera chrysantha(Caprifoliaceae)advanced by over 40 days and was highly correlated with the increased spring minimum *** of the sensitivity of plant responses to climate change revealed that a temperature rise of 1℃ was associated with an FFD advance of 1.2 days in all *** species that was most sensitive to temperature change was Spiraea pubescens ***(Rosaceae),whose FFD advanced by 4.7 days per 1℃ temperature *** increase in precipitation by 1 mm was found to result in a 0.1-day advance of the FFD of all *** tomentosa(Rosa-ceae)was the most sensitive species,that advanced by 2.6 days for each 1 mm increase in ***,for all species,the FFD was more sensitive to the change in temperature than in *** that the current greenhouse gas(GHGs)emission levels or atmospheric CO_(2) conc

关键词： Phenology first flowering date climate change

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Spatiotemporal trends of PM_(2.5) and its major chemical components at urban sites in Canada

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第5期33卷 1-11页

作者： Huanbo Wang Leiming Zhang Irene Cheng Xiaohong Yao Ewa Dabek-Zlotorzynska School of Environment and Resource Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Air Quality Research division Science and Technology BranchEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoCanada Lab of Marine Environmental Science and ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Air Quality Research division Science and Technology BranchEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaOttawaCanada

To evaluate the effectiveness of emission control regulations designed for reducing air pollution, chemically resolved PM_(2.5) data have been collected across Canada through the National Air Pollution Surveillance network in the past decade. 24-hr time integrated PM_(2.5) collected at seven urban and two rural sites during 2010-2016 were analyzed to characterize geographical and seasonal patterns and associated potential causes. Site-specific seven-year mean gravimetric PM_(2.5) mass concentrations ranged from 5.7 to 9.6 μg/m^(3). Seven-year mean concentrations of SO_(4)^(2-), NO_(3)^(-), NH_(4)^(+), organic carbon(OC), and elemental carbon(EC) were in the range of 0.68 to 1.6, 0.21 to 1.5, 0.27 to 0.71, 1.1 to 1.9, and 0.37 to 0.71 μg/m^(3), accounting for 10.8%-18.1%, 3.7%-16.7%, 4.7%-7.4%, 18.4%-21.0%, and 6.4%-10.6%, respectively, of gravimetric PM_(2.5) mass. PM_(2.5) and its five major chemical components showed higher concentrations in southeastern Canada and lower values in Atlantic Canada, with the seven-year mean ratios between the two regions being on the order of 1.7 for PM_(2.5) and 1.8-7.1 for its chemical components. When comparing the concentrations between urban and rural sites within the same region, those of SO_(4)^(2-) and NH_(4)^(+) were comparable, while those of NO_(3)^(-), OC, and EC were around 20%, 40%-50%, and 70%-80%, respectively, higher at urban than rural sites, indicating the regional scale impacts of SO_(4)^(2-) and NH_(4)^(+) and effects of local sources on OC and EC. Monthly variations generally showed summertime peaks for SO_(4)^(2-) and wintertime peaks for NO_(3)^(-), but those of NH_(4)^(+), OC, and EC exhibited different seasonality at different locations.

关键词： Fine particulate matter Aerosol chemical composition Monitoring network

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Carbon sequestration in a bamboo plantation:a case study in a Mediterranean area

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Journal of forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 231-238页

作者： Tommaso Chiti Emanuele Blasi Maria Vincenza Chiriaco Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-Food and Forest Systems(DIBAF)University of TusciaVia San C.De Lellis snc01100 ViterboItaly Foundation Euro-Mediterranean Center on climate change(CMCC) Division on Climate Change Impacts on AgricultureForests and Ecosystem Services(IAFES)Via Garbini5101100 ViterboItaly

In the Mediterranean region,despite bamboo being an alien species that can seriously alter plant and ani-mal biocoenosis,the area occupied by bamboo plantations continues to increase,especially for the purpose to seques-ter carbon(C).However,the C dynamics in the soil-plant system when bamboo is grown outside its native area are poorly *** we investigated the C mitigation potential of the fast-growing Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)introduced in Italy for climate-change *** analyzed aboveground(AGB)and belowground(as root/shoot ratio)biomass,litter and soil organic C(SOC)at O-15-and 15-30-cm depths in a 4-year-old bamboo plantation in comparison with the former annual cropland on which the bamboo was *** have an idea of the maximum C stored at an ecosystem level,a natural forest adjacent the two sites was also *** the plantation,C accumulation as AGB was stimulated,with 14.8±3.1 Mg C ha^(-1) stored in 3 years;because thinning was done to remove culms from the first year,the mean sequestration rate was 4.9 Mg C ha^(-1) a^(-1).The sequestration rates were high but comparable to other fast-growing tree species in Italy(e.g.,Pinus nigra).SOC was significantly higher in the bamboo plantation than in the cropland only at the 0-15 cm depth,but SOC stock did not *** 4 years were not enough time for a clear increase in SOC,or the high nutrient uptake by bamboos might have depleted the soil nutrients,thus inhibiting the soil organic matter formation by *** comparison,the natural forest had significantly higher C levels in all the *** C dynamics at an ecosystem level,the bamboo plantation on the former annual cropland led to substantial C removal from the atmosphere(about 12 Mg C ha^(-1) a^(-1)).However,despite the promising C sequestration rates by bamboo,its introduction should be carefully considered due to potential ecological problems caused by this species in overexploited environments such as the Med

关键词： Carbon sequestration climate change mitigation Mediterranean area Moso bamboo Soil organic carbon

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