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Characteristics of typhoon disturbed gaps in an old-growth tropical montane rainforest in Hainan Island, China

Journal of forestry Research 2017年第6期28卷 1224-1232页

作者： Huai Yang Shirong Liu Kunfang Cao Jingxin Wang Yide Li Han Xu Research Institute of Tropical forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Key Laboratory of forest ecology and environment of State forestry Administration Institute of Forest EcologyEnvironment and Protection Chinese Academy of Forestry State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources and College of ForestryGuangxi University division of forestry and Natural Resources West Virginia University

Disturbances that create gaps can shape the structure and function of forests. However, such disturbance regimes in Asian tropical montane rainforests remain largely unquantified. Least studied are typhoon disturbances that are attributable to climate change. We investigated gap characteristics in terms of size, age, and gap-maker to quantify the gap disturbance regimes in an intact old-growth tropical montane rainforest on Hainan Island, China. The intensity of typhoons has increased since 1949, and typhoon winds blow mostly (45.5%) from the northeast corner of Hainan Island, resulting in a higher frequency of gaps in the northeast. A total of 221 gap-makers (trees that fell to create canopy gaps) and 53 gaps were observed in a 3.16 ha old-growth rainforest. Most canopy gaps (85%) were forest than in other tropical forests, while the average size of expanded gaps was similar to those in other tropical forests. The maximum age of gaps was 23.5 years indicating that gaps had more rapid turnover than other parts of tropical forests. The frequency distribution of gap-makers followed a lognormal distribution with a distinctive peak at three gap-makers, which was different from the inverse J-shaped curve typical of other tropical forests. Gaps were recorded mainly on slopes between 20A degrees and 35A degrees and wood density of gap-makers was between 0.6 and 0.7 g cm(-3). Our results suggest that small-scale disturbance was the dominant agent of gap formation in this old-growth rainforest that is subject to increasing typhoon disturbances.

关键词： Gap characteristics Gap-makers Old-growth Slope Tropical montane rainforest Typhoon disturbance Wood density

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Effects of nitrogen addition on clonal integration between mother and daughter ramets of Moso bamboo: a ^(13)C-CO_(2) pulse labeling study

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Journal of Plant ecology 2022年第4期15卷 756-770页

作者： Wanlu Zhai Yi Wang Junwei Luan Shirong Liu Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology State Forestry AdministrationInstitute of Resources and EnvironmentInternational Centre for Bamboo and RattanBeijing 100102China Key Laboratory of forest ecology and environment of National forestry and Grassland Administration Research Institute of Forest EcologyEnvironment and ProtectionChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China

Resource sharing among connected ramets(*** integration)is one of the distinct traits of clonal *** integration confers Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens)a strong adaptability to different environmental *** the mechanisms of how clonal integration makes Moso bamboo has better performance are still poorly *** this study,acropetal and basipetal translocation of photosynthates between Moso bamboo ramets were analyzed separately to investigate how clonal fragments obtain higher benefits under heterogeneous N *** fragments of Moso bamboo consisting of two interconnected mother–daughter ramets were used,each of the ramets was subjected to either with or without N *** acropetal and basipetal translocation of ^(13)C-photosynthates was separated via single-ramet ^(13)C-CO_(2)-*** ramets translocated more ^(13)C-photosynthates to daughter ramets with N addition,and the translocation of ^(13)C-photosynthates to mother ramets was more pronounced when daughter ramets were treated with N *** ^(13)C-photosynthates that were translocated from mother ramets without and with N addition were mainly invested in the leaves and roots of daughter ramets with N addition,from daughter ramets with N addition were mainly invested in the leaves and roots of mother ramets with and without N addition,*** results suggest that mother ramets preferentially invest more resources in nutrient-rich daughter ramets,and that daughter ramets serve as efficient resource acquisition sites to specialize in acquiring abundant resources based on the resource conditions of mother *** plants can improve their resource acquisition efficiency and maximize the overall performance in this way.

关键词： carbon allocation habitat heterogeneity ^(13)C-CO_(2)labeling resource integration Moso bamboo

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Integrated watershed management:evolution,development and emerging trends

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Journal of forestry Research 2016年第5期27卷 967-994页

作者： Guangyu Wang Shari Mang Haisheng Cai Shirong Liu Zhiqiang Zhang Liguo Wang John L.Innes Faculty of forestry University of British Columbia College of Land Resources and environment Jiangxi Agriculture University Key Laboratory of forest ecology and environment of State forestry Administration Institute of Forest EcologyEnvironment and ProtectionChinese Academy of Forestry Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating Ministry of EducationBeijing Forestry University

Watershed management is an ever-evolving practice involving the management of land, water, biota, and other resources in a defined area for ecological, social, and economic purposes. In this paper, we explore the following questions： How has watershed management evolved？ What new tools are available and how can they be integrated into sustainable watershed management？ To address these questions, we discuss the process of developing integrated watershed management strategies for sustainable manage- ment through the incorporation of adaptive management techniques and traditional ecological knowledge. We address the numerous benefits from integration acrossdisciplines and jurisdictional boundaries, as well as the incorporation of technological advancements, such as remote sensing, GIS, big data, and multi-level social-eco- logical systems analysis, into watershed management strategies. We use three case studies from China, Europe, and Canada to review the success and failure of integrated watershed management in addressing different ecological, social, and economic dilemmas in geographically diverse locations. Although progress has been made in watershed management strategies, there are still numerous issues impeding successful management outcomes; many of which can be remedied through holistic management approaches, incorporation of cutting-edge science and technology, and cross-jurisdictional coordination. We conclude by high- lighting that future watershed management will need to account for climate change impacts by employing techno- logical advancements and holistic, cross-disciplinary approaches to ensure watersheds continue to serve their ecological, social, and economic functions. We present three case studies in this paper as a valuable resource for scientists, resource managers, government agencies, and other stakeholders aiming to improve integrated watershed management strategies and more efficiently and successfully achieve ecological and socio-economic ma

关键词： Adaptive management Climate change impacts Social-ecological systems analysis Traditional ecological knowledge Watershed management

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Sensory and immune genes identification and analysis in a widely used parasitoid wasp Trichogramma dendrolimi （Hymenoptera： Trichogrammatidae）

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Insect Science 2016年第3期23卷 417-429页

作者： Su-Fang Zhang Xiang-Bo Kong Hong-Bin Wang Gang Zhou Jin-Xiu Yu Fu Liu Zhen Zhang Key Laboratory of forest Protection Research Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and Protection Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing China Hunan Academy of forestry Changsha China

Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura （Hymenoptera： Trichogrammatidae） is one of the preponderant egg parasitoids of Dendrolimus spp., which are important defoliators of coniferous forests. This parasitoid wasp has been widely released to control pine caterpillar and other lepidopteran pests, but its control efficiency needs to be improved. Sensory systems are crucial for T dendrolimi to locate hosts, and immunity is probably involved after egg deposition in the host cavity; however, few reports have focused on the molecular mechanism of olfactory detection and survival of T. dendrolimi. It is necessary to identify these genes before further functional research is conducted. In this study, we assembled and analyzed the transcriptome of T. dendrolimi using next-generation sequencing technology. The sequencing and assembly resulted in 38 565 contigs with N50 of 3422 bp. Sequence comparison indicate that T dendrolimi sequences are very similar to those of another parasitoid Nasonia vitripennis. Then the olfactory, vision, and immune- related gene families were identified, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with these genes from T. dendrolimi and other model insect species. Furthermore, phylogenetic tree with odorant binding proteins of T. dendrolimi and their host Dendrolimus was constructed to determine whether convergent evolution exists. These genes can be valid targets for further gene function research. The present study may help us to understand host location and survival mechanisms of T dendrolimi and to use them more efficiently for pest control in the future.

关键词： immunity OBP opsin parasitoid sensory transcriptome

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Screening Azadirachta indica tree for enhancing azadirachtin and oil contents in dry areas of Gujarat,India

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Journal of forestry Research 2011年第2期22卷 217-224页

作者： U.K.Tomar G.Singh N.Kaushik forest Genetics and Tree Breeding division Arid Forest Research Institute forest ecology division Arid Forest Research Institute Bioresources and Biotechnology division TERIHabitat Place

Azadirachta indica seed samples were collected from four different agro-ecological regions（AERs） viz.,AER-2,AER-4,AER-5A and AER-5B of Gujarat state,India during 2000 to 2002 with an aim to assess variability in azadirachtin,oil and fatty acids content of the seeds and assess correlation of these parameters with morphological ***,oil and fatty acids content indicated significant（p0.01） variations between years and AERs in *** azadirachtin ranged from 142 to 9 527 μg·g-1 seed kernel with an average of 2 426 μg·g-1 for the ***-5B recorded highest azadirachtin and oil *** acid composition was found to be affected by environmental factors particularly varying degree of annual rainfall and temperature during fruit ripening *** trees growing in AER-5B performed better in term of azadirachtin,oil and stearic acid *** girth at breast height showed no significant relation with these biochemicals.

关键词： agro-ecological zones fatty acids girth-class neem seed variability

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The present status and future prospects of forest vegetation in part of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve(a World Heritage Site),India

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Journal of forestry Research 2015年第4期26卷 897-904页

作者： Balwant Rawat Sanjay Gairola K.Chandra Sekar Ranbeer S.Rawal G.B.Pant Institute of Himalayan environment and Development Kosi-KatarmalAlmoraUttarakhand 263643India forest ecology and environment division Forest Research InstituteDehradunUttarakhand 248006India Society for the Conservation of Nature Parnkuti Anantpur University RoadRewaMadhya PradeshIndia

We studied forest vegetation at Lata-Tolma- Phagti, a protected area and part of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve in the western Himalaya. We analyzed community composition, population structure, regeneration patterns, and projected development of future compositional patterns. We sampled ten 10 x 10 m quadrat for tree species in each of 30 forest stands. We sampled shrubs in ten 5 x 5 m quadrat, and herbs in twenty 1 x 1 m quadrat within each forest stand. We recorded 248 plant species from 8 forest communities. Broadly the demographic profiles at study sites exhibited progressive structures suggesting long term persistence of the communities/species. Density--diameter distribution revealed greater proportions of seedlings and a significant decline （P 〈 0.05） in the proportion of trees in older age/size classes. Of the 23 recorded tree species, 13.0 % showed good, 52.2 % fair, 26.1% poor and 8.7 % no regeneration. Differences in regeneration by species are indicative of future foreststructure and dynamics. Assessment of changes in structure of forest types provides baseline data for development of priorities for conservation of other representative land- scapes in the reserve as well as in the Himalaya.

关键词： Regeneration pattern Population structure Compositional changes

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Stand development patterns of forest cover types in the natural forests of northern Baekdudaegan in South Korea

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Journal of forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 381-390页

作者： Ji Hong Kim Guangze Jin Sang Hoon Chung Department of forest Management College of Forest and Environmental SciencesKangwon National University School of forestry Northeast Forestry University forest ecology division Forest Conservation DepartmentKorea Forest Research Institute

The purpose of this study was to classify current forest cover types,and to investigate stand development patterns for natural forests in six areas in northern Baekdudaegan,South ***-eight independent forest communities were aggregated into eight forest cover types by species composition in the overstory of each forest *** forest cover types were of mixed mesophytic,‘‘others’ ’ deciduous,Quercus mongolica dominant,*** pure,Pinus densiflora–***,***,Betula ermanii,and ***–*** ecological information was organized by importance value and species diversity for each forest *** on the correlation between species diversity index and the abundance of *** plus *** for corresponding forest cover types,we compared the developmental process and approximate successional pathway between each cover *** *** forest cover type changes into the ***–*** cover type,followed by the *** dominant cover type through continuous invasion of the oak ***,the *** pure cover type would spread toward the *** dominant cover type with a mixture of various deciduous tree *** *** dominant cover type progresses through the other deciduous cover types to the mixed mesophytic cover type with diversified composition and *** the mid to lower slopes,with loamy soils and good moisture conditions,various deciduous forest types should progress,by ecological succession,toward the mixed mesophytic cover type without any further disturbance.

关键词： Baekdudaegan forest cover type Species composition Species diversity Stand development patterns

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Spatio-temporal change in forest cover and carbon storage considering actual and potential forest cover in South Korea

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第7期58卷 713-723页

作者： NAM Kijun LEE Woo-Kyun KIM Moonil KWAK Doo-Ahn BYUN Woo-Hyuk YU Hangnan KWAK Hanbin KWON Taesung SUNG Joohan CHUNG Dong-Jun LEE Seung-Ho division of environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University GIS/RS Center for environmental Resources Korea University division of forest ecology Korea Forest Research Institute National forestry Cooperative Federation division of forest Economics & Management Korea Forest Research Institute

This study analyzes change in carbon storage by applying forest growth models and final cutting age to actual and potential forest cover for six major tree species in South Korea. Using National forest Inventory data, the growth models were developed to estimate mean diameter at breast height, tree height, and number of trees for Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus rigida, Larix kaernpferi, Castanea crenata and Quercus spp. stands. We assumed that actual forest cover in a forest type map will change into potential forest covers according to the Hydrological and Thermal Analogy Groups model. When actual forest cover reaches the final cutting age, forest volume and carbon storage are estimated by changed forest cover and its growth model. forest volume between 2010 and 2110 would increase from 126.73 to 157.33 m^3 hm^-2. Our results also show that forest cover, volume, and carbon storage could abruptly change by 2060. This is attributed to the fact that most forests are presumed to reach final cutting age. To avoid such dramatic change, a regeneration and yield control scheme should be prepared and implemented in a way that ensures balance in forest practice and yield.

关键词： climate change final cutting age carbon storage national forestry inventory forest growth model

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Application of the Nutrient Cycling Model NuCM to a forest Monitoring Site Exposed to Acidic Precipitation in China

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Pedosphere 2008年第6期18卷 681-690页

作者： ZHU Jian-Hua YU Peng-Tao T. A. SOGN WANG Yan-Hui J. MULDER Research Institute of forest ecology and environment Chinese Academy of Forestry and the Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of the Chinese State Forestry Administration Beijing 100091 （China） Department of Plant and environmental Sciences Agricultural University of Norway P.O. Box 5003 N-1430 Aas（Norway）

The nutrient cycling model NuCM is one of the most detailed models for simulating processes that influence nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. A field study was conducted at Tieshanping, a Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) forest site, in Chongqing, China, to monitor the impacts of acidic precipitation on nutrient cycling. NuCM simulations were compared with observed data from the study site. The model produced an approximate fit with the observed data. It simulated the mean annual soil solution concentrations in the two simulation years, whereas it sometimes failed to reproduce seasonal variation. Even though some of the parameters required by model running were measured in the field, some others were still highly uncertain and the uncertainties were analyzed. Some of the uncertain parameters necessary for model running should be measured and calibrated to produce a better fit between modeled results and field data.

关键词： acid rain forest soil nutrient cycling model simulation

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Effect of precipitation pH and coexisting magnesium ion on phosphate adsorption onto hydrous zirconium oxide

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2019年第2期31卷 167-187页

作者： Jianwei Lin Xingxing Wang Yanhui Zhan College of Marine ecology and environment Shanghai Ocean University

To understand the effect of precipitation pH and coexisting Mg^(2+) on phosphate adsorption onto zirconium oxide(ZrO_2), ZrO_2 particles precipitated at pH 5.3, 7.1 and 10.5, i.e., ZrO_2(5.3), ZrO_2(7.1)and ZrO_2(10.5), respectively were prepared and characterized, then their adsorption performance and mechanism in the absence and presence of Mg^(2+) were comparatively investigated in this study. The results showed that the Elovich, pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models correlated with the experimental data well. The adsorption mechanism involved the complexation between phosphate and zirconium. Coexisting Mg^(2+) slightly inhibited the adsorption of phosphate on ZrO_2(5.3), including the adsorption capacity and rate, but coexisting Mg^(2+) greatly increased the adsorption capacity and rate for ZrO_2(7.1)and ZrO_2(10.5). The enhanced adsorption of phosphate on ZrO_2(7.1) and ZrO_2(10.5) in the presence of Mg^(2+) was mainly due to the formation of Mg^(2+)-HPO_4^(2-) ion pair(MgHPO_4~0) in the solution and then the adsorption of MgHPO_4~0 on the adsorbent surface, forming the phosphatebridged ternary complex Zr(OPO_3H)Mg. In the absence of Mg^(2+) , the maximum phosphate adsorption capacity at pH 7 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model decreased in the order of ZrO 2(7.1)(67.3 mg/g) > ZrO_2(5.3)(53.6 mg/g) ≈ ZrO_2(10.5)(53.1 mg/g), but it followed the order of Zr O2(7.1)(97.0 mg/g) > ZrO_2(10.5)(79.7 mg/g) > ZrO_2(5.3)(51.3 mg/g) in the presence of Mg^(2+) . The results of this work suggest that ZrO_2(7.1) is more suitable for use as an adsorbent for the effective removal of phosphate from municipal wastewater than ZrO_2(5.3) and ZrO_2(10.5),because Mg^(2+) is generally present in this wastewater.

关键词： Hydrous zirconium oxide Different precipitation pH values Adsorption Phosphate Magnesium ion Effect

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