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Cholesterol metabolism: physiological versus pathological aspects in intracerebral hemorrhage

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1015-1030页

作者： Ruoyu Huang Qiuyu Pang Lexin Zheng Jiaxi Lin Hanxi Li Lingbo Wan Tao Wang Department of forensic Science School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSuzhou Medicine College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

Cholesterol is an important component of plasma membranes and participates in many basic life functions,such as the maintenance of cell membrane stability,the synthesis of steroid hormones,and *** plays a key role in the establishment and maintenance of the central nervous *** brain contains 20%of the whole body’s cholesterol,80%of which is located within myelin.A huge number of processes(e.g.,the sterol regulatory element-binding protein pathway and liver X receptor pathway)participate in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism in the brain via mechanisms that include cholesterol biosynthesis,intracellular transport,and *** brain injuries or diseases involving crosstalk among the processes above can affect normal cholesterol metabolism to induce detrimental ***,we hypothesized that cholesterol-related molecules and pathways can serve as therapeutic targets for central nervous system *** hemorrhage is the most severe hemorrhagic stroke subtype,with high mortality and *** cholesterol levels are associated with the risk of intracerebral ***,secondary pathological changes after intracerebral hemorrhage are associated with cholesterol metabolism dysregulation,such as neuroinflammation,demyelination,and multiple types of programmed cell *** cholesterol accumulation in the brain has been found after intracerebral *** this paper,we review normal cholesterol metabolism in the central nervous system,the mechanisms known to participate in the disturbance of cholesterol metabolism after intracerebral hemorrhage,and the links between cholesterol metabolism and cell *** also review several possible and constructive therapeutic targets identified based on cholesterol metabolism to provide cholesterol-based perspectives and a reference for those interested in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage.

关键词： cell death cholesterol metabolism intracerebral hemorrhage myelination therapeutic target

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Decline and fall of aging astrocytes:the human perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1713-1714页

作者： Alexei Verkhratsky Alexey Semyanov Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK Department of Neurosciences University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNEDLeioaSpain Department of forensic Analytical Toxicology School of Forensic MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Stem Cell Biology State Research Institute Centre for Innovative MedicineVilniusLithuania International Collaborative Center on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Physiology Jiaxing University College of MedicineJiaxingZhejiang ProvinceChina

“Last scene of all that ends this strange,eventful history,is second childishness and mere oblivion.I am sans teeth,sans eyes,sans taste,sans everything.”William Shakespeare‘As You Like It'Act 2,Sc.7,l.139Aging of the human brain is characterized by a progressive decline of its functional capacity;this decline however varies widely,and cognitive longevity differs substantially between individuals.

关键词： aging teeth progressive

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Modernization of medicine in the Ottoman Empire and Its Effects on forensic Sciences

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Journal of forensic Science and medicine 2018年第4期4卷 213-220页

作者： Ferat Buran Erdem Ozkara The Council of forensic medicine sanliurfa Branch OfficeSanhurfaTurkey department of forensic medicine Faculty of MedicineDokuz Eylul UniversityIzmirTurkey

Modernization in medicine began in the Ottoman Empire in the 19^(th)*** that time,medical education had been provided through the traditional master-apprentice practices and its methods had relied on custom or *** most important of these reforms was in 1827,when the first medical schools in surgical and clinical branches were opened in *** lack of contemporary understanding in medical education until that time had caused an underdevelopment in forensic sciences as it had in various other *** the reform movements,the contents of the forensic medicine curriculum,mainly influenced by the French medical schooling,touched upon all areas of forensic sciences such as pathology,toxicology,organic chemistry,neuropsychiatry,gynecology,handwriting analysis and *** was noteworthy to see such rapid development in scientific modernization considering the fact that,before the reform movements,the religion had a repressive effect and it was forbidden to even perform laboratory tests or examinations on *** the modem Turkish Republic,founded in 1923 after World War I,scientific reforms gained momentum and began competing with the modem *** that,after a letter sent to the Turkish Government by Albert Einstein in 1933,the contemporary Turkish universities embraced the scientists who escaped from the Nazi regime.

关键词： forensic medicine history of forensic medicine legal medicine medical history Ottoman Empire Turkish Republic

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A NORTHWEST DATABASE MODEL OF SHORT TANDEM REPEAT LOCI IN forensic medicine

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2003年第1期15卷 93-96,110页

作者：王振原朱波峰刘雅诚严江伟霍振义金天博李涛樊拴良方杰 Department of forensic medicine forensic Medical Examination and Identifican Center of Beijing Public Security Bureau

Objective To establish the northwest database of short tandem repeat(STR) loci in forensic medicine. Methods Bloodstains or whole blood samples were collected from the unrelated prisoners in Xi'an city. Genetic distribution for 13 STR loci and amelogenin locus were determined in prisons based on GeneScan. One primer for each locus was labeled with the fluorescent by 5 FAM, JOE, or NED. The forensic database were generated by using multiple amplification, GeneScan, genotype, and genetic distribution analysis. Results 113 alleles and 302 genotypes were observed, with the corresponding frequency between 0.0050-0.5250 and 0.0100-0.4100. The mean H was 0.7667. The accumulative DP was 0.9999999,. The accumulative EPP was 0.9999999. The scope of PIC was 0.6036- 0.8562 . PM was less than 10 -11 . The observed and expected genotype frequencies were evaluated using χ 2 test and all were in accordance with Hardy Weinberg equilibrium ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion STR loci is an ideal genetic marker with powerful polymorphism and stable heredity. It can be used for individual identification and paternity in forensic medicine. The forensic DNA database model can be established successfully.

关键词： short tandem repeat(STR) DNA database GeneScan polymerase chain reaction genotype

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Journals on legal and forensic medicine in Web of Science Core Collection:focus on forensic Sciences Research

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forensic Sciences Research 2021年第1期6卷 92-94页

作者： Hui Zhang Duarte Nuno Vieira Min Shen Editorial Office of forensic Sciences Research Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic MedicineKey Lab of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceShanghaiChina Faculty of medicine University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal Shanghai Key Lab of forensic medicine Key Lab of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceShanghaiChina

Legal and forensic medicine is the application of medical knowledge and methodology for the resolution of legal questions and problems for individuals and society[1].In the Categories&Collections Scope Notes on Web of Science Core Collection in the Web of Science(WoS)Master Journal List,the category“medicine,Legal”is described as“covering resources on all aspects of medical legal issues,including government regulations and policies,malpractice,toxicological and pharmacological regulations,clinical therapeutic patents and other critical legal issues at the interface of law,medicine,and healthcare”.This also“covers resources dealing with the various branches of forensic science”[2].In this study,we aimed to illustrate those journals included in the category of“medicine,Legal”in the WoS Core Collection,and to assess the rapid development of the journal forensic Sciences Research(FSR)by comparing it with other related journals to determine whether FSR can fill a gap in the category“medicine,Legal”of Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE)in the WoS Core Collection.

关键词： Notes legal journal

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Assessing the publication output in the field of forensic science and legal medicine using Web of Science database from 2011 to 2020

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forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 748-760页

作者： Bedirhan Sezer Öner Metin Orbay Department of forensic medicine Faculty of MedicineAmasya UniversityAmasyaTurkey Department of Mathematics and Science Faculty of EducationAmasya UniversityAmasyaTurkey

The aim of this study was ***,it analyzed the characteristics of the publication outputs for the Legal medicine(LM)category using the Web of Science(WoS)database during ***,it discussed the distribution of the papers for the 25 most productive countries/regions in terms of quality and quantity,such as the h-index and GDP per ***,it investigated the trend and temporal stability of the journal impact factor(JIF)and determined the percentage of the journal *** findings suggested that the number of papers,the average number of pages of the papers,the average number of cited references in the papers,the average number of authors per paper,the percentage of open access papers,as well as international and domestic collaboration tended to increase ***,the productivity was limited when compared to the whole WoS database,since there was no significant change in the number of the *** countries/regions with the highest number of publications were not those that made the most impact in terms of the widespread impact of the *** level of international cooperation and the funding for the research had dramatic impact on the visibility of *** average JIF has increased significantly while the journal self-citation rates have decreased in a similar *** journals have had very stable(have not fluctuated)impact factors over *** the period studied,the journals with the higher impact factors(Q1,Q2)published many more papers than journals with the lower impact factors(Q3,Q4).

关键词： Bibliometrics citation analysis forensic science legal medicine Web of Science

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Mismatch negativity,social cognition,and functional outcomes in patients after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第4期10卷 618-623页

作者： Hui-yan Sun Qiang Li Xi-ping Chen Lu-yang Tao Department of forensic medicine Soochow University Department of forensic medicine Chifeng University

Mismatch negativity is generated automatically, and is an early monitoring indicator of neuronal integrity impairment and functional abnormality in patients with brain injury, leading to decline of cognitive function. Antipsychotic medication cannot affect mismatch negativity. The present study aimed to explore the relationships of mismatch negativity with neurocognition, daily life and social functional outcomes in patients after brain injury. Twelve patients with traumatic brain injury and 12 healthy controls were recruited in this study. We examined neurocogni-tion with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised China, and daily and social functional outcomes with the Activity of Daily Living Scale and Social Disability Screening Schedule, re-spectively. Mismatch negativity was analyzed from electroencephalogram recording. The results showed that mismatch negativity amplitudes decreased in patients with traumatic brain injury compared with healthy controls. Mismatch negativity amplitude was negatively correlated with measurements of neurocognition and positively correlated with functional outcomes in patients after traumatic brain injury. Further, the most signiifcant positive correlations were found be-tween mismatch negativity in the fronto-central region and measures of functional outcomes. The most signiifcant positive correlations were also found between mismatch negativity at the FCz electrode and daily living function. Mismatch negativity amplitudes were extremely positive-ly associated with Social Disability Screening Schedule scores at the Fz electrode in brain injury patients. These experimental ifndings suggest that mismatch negativity might efifciently relfect functional outcomes in patients after traumatic brain injury.

关键词： nerve regeneration brain injury cognition disorders diagnostic techniques Wechsler Intelligence Scale event-related potential neuronal plasticity electrophysiology neuropsychology activity of daily living work capacity evaluation electroencephalogram neural regeneration NSFC grant

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Visual acuity evaluated by pattern-reversal visual-evoked potential is affected by check size/visual angle

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2012年第6期28卷 737-745页

作者： Xiping Chen Qianqian Li Xiaoqin Liu Li Yang Wentao Xia Luyang Tao Shanghai Key Lab of forensic medicine forensic Brain Laboratory Department of Forensic SciencesSoochow University Department of forensic medicine Wannan Medical College

Objective To systemically explore the range of visual angles that affect visual acuity, and to establish the relationship between the P 1 component （peak latency -100 ms） of the pattern-reversal visual-evoked potential （PRVEP） and the visual acuity at particular visual angles. Methods Two hundred and ten volunteers were divided into seven groups, according to visual acuity as assessed by the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart （SLD-II）. For each group, the PRVEP components were elicited in response to visual angle presentations at 8°, 4°, 2°, 1°/60＇, 30＇, 15＇, and 7.5＇, in the whiteblack chess-board reversal mode with a contrast level of 100% at a frequency of 2 Hz. Visual stimuli were presented monocularly, and 200 presentations were averaged for each block of trials. The early and stable component P1 was recorded at the mid-line of the occipital region （Oz） and analyzed with SPSS 13.00. Results （1） Oz had the maximum Pl amplitude; there was no significant difference between genders or for interocular comparison in normal controls and subjects with optic myopia. （2） The P1 latency decreased slowly below 30＇, then increased rapidly. The P1 amplitude initially increased with check size, and was maximal at -1° and -30＇. （3） The P1 latency in the group with visual acuity 〈0.2 was signifi- cantly different at 8°, 15＇ and 7.5＇, while the amplitude differed at all visual angles, compared with the group with normal vision. Differences in P1 for the groups with 0.5 and 0.6 acuity were only present at visual angles 〈1°. （4） Regression analysis showed that the P1 latency and amplitude were associated with visual acuity over the full range of visual angles. There was a moderate correlation at visual angles 〈30＇. Regression equations were calculated for the P1 components and visual acuity, based on visual angle. Conclusion （1） Visual angle should be taken into consideration when exploring the function of the visual pathway, especially visual acuity. A visual angle -60＇ mig

关键词： visual acuity visual angle pattern-reversal visual-evoked potential check size regression equation

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PCR-based site-specific mutagenesis of peptide antibiotics FALL-39 and its biologic activities

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第2期25卷 113-119页

作者： Yun-xia YANG2,3, Yun FENG3, Bo-yao WANG3,Qi WU3 2Department of Pharmacology,3Research unit of Infection & Immunity, West-China School of Preclinical and forensic medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China Department of Pharmacology West-China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Research unit of Infection & Immunity West-China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610041

AIM: To construct PGEX-1λT-FALL-39 expression vector and its mutant vector, and study the relationship of function and structure. METHODS: A cDNA encoding mature FALL-39 was cloned from SPCA-1 cell mRNA and the prokaryotic expression vector PGEX-1λT-FALL-39 was constructed. Two kinds of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the site-direction mutagenesis were used to construct FALL-39 mutant expression vector, FALL-39-Lys- 32 and FALL-39-Lys-24. Minimal effective concentration, minimal inhibitory concentration, and minimal bacteri- cidal concentration were used to assay the antibacterial activities of these peptides. Effects of different solution on the antibacterial activity of FALL-39 and FALL-39-Lys-32 were observed by CFU determination. The hemolytic effects of these peptides were also examined on human red blood cells. RESULTS: Two site-specific mutants FALL-39-Lys-32 and FALL-39-Lys24 were obtained by PCR-induced mutagenesis. In comparison with two-step PCR which required two pairs of primers, one step PCR which required one pair of primers is a simple and efficient method for the PCR based site-specific mutagenesis. Using the prokaryotic expression system, the E coli-based products of recombinant FALL39 and its mutant peptides were also obtained. The antibacterial assay showed that FALL-39-Lys-32 and FALL-39-Lys24 were more potential in the antibacterial activity against E coli ML35p and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 than that of FALL-39, and no increase in hemolysis was observed at the antibacterial concentrations. The antibacterial activity of FALL-39-Lys-32 against E coli was more potent than that of FALL-39 in NaCl-containing LB medium, while its activity was almost the same as FALL-39 in SO4 containing 2- Medium E. CONCLUSION: PCR-based mutagensis is a useful model system for studying the structure and function relationship of antimicrobial peptides. Keeping α-helical conformation of FALL-39 and increasing net positive charge can increase the antibacter

关键词： FALL 39 peptide antibiotics polymerase chain reaction mutation hemolysis

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Improving Evidence-Based Practice in forensic medicine:Validation of INtegration of forensic Epidemiology and the Rigorous EvaluatioN of Causation Elements and Principles of Evidence-Based Reporting in forensic medicine-Pathology version in Indonesia

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Journal of forensic Science and medicine 2023年第3期9卷 236-249页

作者： Putri Dianita Ika Meilia Herkutanto Agus Purwadianto Budi Sampurna Murdani Abdullah Diantha Soemantri Aria Kekalih Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Department of forensic medicine and Mortuary Persahabatan General HospitalJakartaIndonesia Department of forensic medicine and Medicolegal Studies Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo General HospitalFaculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Department of Internal medicine Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo General HospitalFaculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Department of Medical Education Faculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Department of Community medicine Faculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia

Introduction: Expert opinions presented in legal proceedings should be scientifically accountable, which is known as evidence-based practice (EBP). Although forensic medical expert opinions are essential in legal proceedings, the methods used to formulate them are not always evidence based or based on standard methods. In forensic medicine, EBP has not been explicitly applied, including in Indonesia. One potential approach to formulate evidence-based expert opinions is called INtegration of forensic Epidemiology and the Rigorous EvaluatioN of Causation Elements (INFERENCE). In addition, there is also no universal guideline for making forensic pathological reports. One prospective guideline is named the Principles of Evidence-based Reporting in forensic medicine-Pathology version (PERFORM-P). Methods: This article describes the validation process of INFERENCE and PERFORM-P in Indonesia. This study uses a mixed method through three interrelated phases, i.e., (1) a cross-sectional survey to determine the characteristics of Indonesian forensic doctors and their current practice, (2) the adaptation and validation process of the two tools through a review by the Indonesian College of forensic medicine, and (3) a one-group pre-postintervention study to assess the validity and reliability of forensic medical expert opinions formulated using Indonesian-INFERENCE (i-INFERENCE) and reported using Indonesian-PERFORM-P (i-PERFORM-P). Results and Discussion: In general, both tools received a positive reception and can potentially be used in the Indonesian setting with some additions/clarifications in the user manuals. Participants envision that both tools will be most useful in complex cases. Conclusions: By obtaining the i-INFERENCE and the i-PERFORM-P, it is hoped that Indonesian forensic medical doctors are better equipped in analyzing and reporting complex cases, and the implementation of EBP can be improved.

关键词： Evidence-based practice forensic medicine forensic pathology INFERENCE Principles of Evidence-based Reporting in forensic medicine-Pathology version

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