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PbrARF4 contributes to calyx shedding of fruitlets in ‘Dangshan Suli’ pear by partly regulating the expression of abscission genes

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 341-354页

作者： Guoling Guo Pengfei Wei Tao Yu Haiyan Zhang Wei Heng Lun Liu Liwu Zhu Bing Jia school of Horticulture Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhui 230036China Huayuan foreign language school Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiang 322100China Agricultural Experimental Center of Guiyang Guiyang Agriculture and Rural BureauGuiyangGuizhou 550018China

Fruitlet calyx shedding in pear plants is apparently regulated via numerous pathways that involve both environmental triggers and phytohormones cues such as auxin. In this study, we found at 10 days after full bloom (DAFB) higher levels of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and tryptophan (Trp) in calyx persistence fruitlet (CPF) than calyx shedding fruitlet (CSF) ofDanshan Suli’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rhed.). Consisting with this, the activity of indolealdehyde oxidase (IAAIdO), which promotes IAA synthesis, was remarkably increased, and that of peroxidase(POD), which degrades IAA, dropped markedly in CPF but not in CSF. Further, qRT-PCR results revealed that most of 31 PbrARFs (encoding auxin response factors) in Pyrus bretschneideri were highly expressed in CPF, whereas PbrARF4, PbrARF24 and PbrARF26 were significantly downregulated in CPF vis-a-vis CSF. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 6 PbrARFs clustered in the group III, where PbrARF4 showed the closest affinity with AtARF1 that promotes organ abscission, indicating a putative role of PbrARF4 in mediating the process of calyx shedding in pear. In fact, the ectopic overexpression of PbrARF4 in Solanum lycopersicum resulted in an earlier-formed and deeper abscission layer (AL) in the transgenic plants, whose calyxes were more prone to wilt at the mature red stage (MR) compared with the control plants (wild-type). More importantly, expression levels of the abscission genes SILS and Sl Cel2 in transgenic plants overexpressing PbrARF4 were significantly upregulated in comparation with the WT, whereas those of Sl BI and Sl TAPG2 were considerably inhibited. Further, PbrJOINTLESS and PbrIDA,the two genes related to calyx shedding in pear, were up-regulated more in CSF than CPF. The findings contribute to a better understanding of PbrARFs involved in fruitlet calyx shedding of pear, which could prove beneficial to improving the quality of pear fruit.

关键词： Pear Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd Calyx shedding IAA PbrARF4 Abscission genes

维普期刊数据库

From Ancient Rituals to Modern Spirituality:The Evolution and Personalization of Religious Experience

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2024年第8期12卷 551-555页

作者： YU Dongyang Jinan foreign language school JinanChina

This paper explores the evolution of religious experience from ancient nature worship and ancestor reverence to modern individualized *** examines how early spiritual practices were deeply intertwined with daily life,later becoming institutionalized through formalized religions with complex rituals and *** rise of mysticism,emphasizing personal connections with the divine,persisted alongside institutional *** contemporary society,the shift towards"spiritual but not religious"reflects a return to personalized spiritual paths,driven by individualism and the desire for direct,meaningful spiritual *** trend's implications for both individuals and society are also discussed.

关键词： Spirituality Institutionalized religion Mysticism Individualism Nature Worship

Analysis of Low Fertility Rates in Advanced Economies

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Management Studies 2024年第4期12卷 252-254页

作者： LI Chenkai Nanjing Dongshan foreign language school NanjingChina

In economics,opportunity cost means the maximum value of choosing one behavior over others in the situation where resources are limited(Parkin,2016).In the process of making reproductive decision,opportunity cost reveals the trade-off between time,resources,and economic benefits that individuals face when choosing to have children or *** this process,the technological changes make the paths of career development diverse and rapidly changing,remarkably increasing the opportunity cost of childbirth and *** leads to individuals more inclined to postpone or reduce childbirth when balancing their careers and families,thereby resulting in low fertility rates in developed economies.

关键词： low fertility advanced economies technological changes

Deep Broad Learning for Emotion Classification in Textual Conversations

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 481-491页

作者： Sancheng Peng Rong Zeng Hongzhan Liu Lihong Cao Guojun Wang Jianguo Xie Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics and Laboratory of Language Engineering and ComputingGuangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China school of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Modern Education Technology Center Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhou 510006China

Emotion classification in textual conversations focuses on classifying the emotion of each utterance from textual *** is becoming one of the most important tasks for natural language processing in recent ***,it is a challenging task for machines to conduct emotion classification in textual conversations because emotions rely heavily on textual *** address the challenge,we propose a method to classify emotion in textual conversations,by integrating the advantages of deep learning and broad learning,namely *** aims to provide a more effective solution to capture local contextual information(i.e.,utterance-level)in an utterance,as well as global contextual information(i.e.,speaker-level)in a conversation,based on Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM),and broad *** experiments have been conducted on three public textual conversation datasets,which show that the context in both utterance-level and speaker-level is consistently beneficial to the performance of emotion *** addition,the results show that our proposed method outperforms the baseline methods on most of the testing datasets in weighted-average F1.

关键词： emotion classification textual conversation Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM) broad learning

Optical Space Time Pulse Position Modulation over Exponential Weibull Turbulence Channel

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第2期33卷 527-535页

作者： Yue ZHANG Huiqin WANG Xuemei MA Minghua CAO Qingbin PENG school of Computer and Communication Lanzhou University of Technology school of foreign languages Lanzhou University of Technology

An optical space time pulse position modulation(OSTPPM) scheme is proposed to satisfy the communication requirement of high transmission rate and better reliability. For the OSTPPM scheme, an improved threshold judgment-based orthogonal matching pursuit(IT-OMP) algorithm with low-complexity and near optimal performance is proposed. The average bit error rate of OSTPPM-IT-OMP scheme is investigated over the exponential Weibull channel, and its analytical expression is verified via Monte Carlo simulation. With the same simulation parameters, the signal to noise ratio of(4,4,2)-OSTPPM-IT-OMP is respectively 3.75 d B and 8.5 d B better than that of spatial pulse position modulation(SPPM) scheme and generalized spatial pulse position modulation(GSPPM)scheme at a bit error rate of 1 × 10-3. With the same transmission bits per symbol, the computational complexity of(3,4,2)-OSTPPM-IT-OMP scheme is reduced by 90.47% and 75.4% compared with(16,4,2)-SPPM and(5,4,2)-GSPPM schemes, respectively.

关键词： Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Monte Carlo methods Bit error rate Matching pursuit algorithms Adaptive optics Optical modulation

The Distribution of Surnames in Xiantao City through Isonymy

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Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science 2024年第2期 52-65页

作者： ZHANG Jingjing ZHU Yan XIAO Hong College of Chinese language and Literature Wuhan University College of Literature and Communication China Three Gorges University school of foreign languages China University of Geosciences

The population migration in Hubei Province was frequent in history, accompanied by the migration of surnames,so it is important to study their population surnames. We take Xiantao City as an example to explore the isonymic structure of small and medium-sized cities in Hubei. The surname distributions of 223 327 residents registered in 2013 were analyzed in 5 towns and 105 villages of Xiantao. The number of different surnames found was *** for surnames, the α-value reflects the influence of ethnic composition on the abundance of surnames. The correlation between the isonymic distance and the geographic distance between villages was calculated and indicated that Euclidean distance was weakly correlated with the geographic distance(r =0.177± 0.012), and the isonymic distance increased with the geographical distance. Furthermore, the dendrogram and PCA built from the matrix of Euclidean distances between villages identified a main surname differentiation between the urban and rural areas.

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Embodied Meaning in Comprehending Abstract Chinese Counterfactuals

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Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 2024年第3期47卷 414-432,524页

作者： Xueyan LI Yahui ZHAO Huili WANG Xue ZHANG school of foreign languages Dalian University of Technology school of foreign languages Hangzhou City University Hangzhou Collaborative Innovation Institute of language Services school of foreign languages Dalian Polytechnic University

Embodied cognition theories propose that language comprehension triggers a sensorimotor system in the ***,most previous research has paid much attention to concrete and factual sentences,and little emphasis has been put on the research of abstract and counterfactual *** primary challenges for embodied theories lie in elucidating the meanings of abstract and counterfactual *** most prevalent explanation is that abstract and counterfactual sentences are grounded in the activation of a sensorimotor system,in exactly the same way as concrete and factual *** present research employed a dual-task experimental paradigm to investigate whether the embodied meaning is activated in comprehending action-related abstract Chinese counterfactual sentences through the presence or absence of action-sentence compatibility effect(ACE).Participants were instructed to read and listen to the action-related abstract Chinese factual or counterfactual sentences describing an abstract transfer word towards or away from them,and then move their fingers towards or away from them to press the buttons in the same direction as the motion cue of the transfer *** action-sentence compatibility effect was observed in both abstract factual and counterfactual sentences,in line with the embodied cognition theories,which indicated that the embodied meanings were activated in both action-related abstract factuals and counterfactuals.

关键词： action-sentence compatibility effect embodiment abstract counterfactuals language comprehension

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Liquid metal biomaterials: translational medicines,challenges and perspectives

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 264-284页

作者： Hanchi Xu Jincheng Lu Yikuang Xi Xuelin Wang Jing Liu Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital School of Clinical Medicine Tsinghua University Shanghai World foreign language Academy Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering School of Engineering MedicineBeihang University Beijing Key Lab of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Until now, significant healthcare challenges and growing urgent clinical requirements remain incompletely addressed by presently available biomedical materials. This is due to their inadequate mechanical compatibility, suboptimal physical and chemical properties, susceptibility to immune rejection, and concerns about long-term biological safety. As an alternative, liquid metal(LM) opens up a promising class of biomaterials with unique advantages like biocompatibility, flexibility, excellent electrical conductivity,and ease of functionalization. However, despite the unique advantages and successful explorations of LM in biomedical fields, widespread clinical translations and applications of LM-based medical products remain limited. This article summarizes the current status and future prospects of LM biomaterials, interprets their applications in healthcare, medical imaging, bone repair, nerve interface, and tumor therapy, *** to translate LM materials into medicine and obstacles encountered in practices are *** that, we outline a blueprint for LM clinics, emphasizing their potential in making new-generation artificial organs. Last, the core challenges of LM biomaterials in clinical translation, including bio-safety,material stability, and ethical concerns are also discussed. Overall, the current progress, translational medicine bottlenecks, and perspectives of LM biomaterials signify their immense potential to drive future medical breakthroughs and thus open up novel avenues for upcoming clinical practices.

关键词： liquid metal biomaterials translational medicine clinical device healthcare therapeutics

Teaching Research on Integrating Ideological and Political Elements into Business English Reading Courses

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2024年第4期8卷 101-107页

作者： Yanxia Xu Deping Lou school of foreign language Harbin Cambridge UniversityHarbin 150086Heilongjiang ProvinceChina

In the current situation of economic globalization and communalization with a shared future for mankind,it is crucial to cultivate outstanding composite talents who possess morality,literacy,patriotism,business knowledge,good cross-cultural communication skills,and teamwork *** requires the Business English major to increase the reform of course *** article will propose several innovative paths for the ideological and political education of Business English Reading courses based on the necessity of conducting ideological and political education in Business English majors and working together with colleagues to study.

关键词： Business English Reading Curriculum ideological and political education Countermeasures