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The biological functions and metabolic pathways of valine in swine

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 20-34页

作者： Chuni Wang Yao Peng Yiru Zhang Juan Xu Sheng Jiang Leli Wang Yulong Yin institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation College of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina tianjin institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina

Valine is an essential amino acid and a type of branched-chain amino acid. Due to the involvement of branchedchain amino acids in various metabolic pathways, there has been a surge of interests in valine nutrition and its role in animal physiology. In pigs, the interactions between valine and other branched-chain amino acids or aromatic amino acids are complex. In this review, we delve into the interaction mechanism, metabolic pathways, and biological functions of valine. Appropriate valine supplementation not only enhances growth and reproductive performances, but also modulates gut microbiota and immune functions. Based on past observations and interpretations, we provide recommended feed levels of valine for weaned piglets, growing pigs, gilts, lactating sows, barrows and entire males. The summarized valine nutrient requirements for pigs at different stages offer valuable insights for future research and practical applications in animal husbandry.

关键词： Additional dosage Biological function Metabolic pathway Pig Valine

Revealing the key role of non-solvating diluents for fast-charging and low temperature Li-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 171-180页

作者： Yuping Zhang Siyin Li Junkai Shi Jiawei Lai Ziyue Zhuang Jingwen Liu Wenming Yang Liang Ma Yue-Peng Cai Jjian Xu Qifeng Zheng School of Chemistry Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina Guangzhou foreign language School Guangzhou 511455GuangdongChina Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Fast-charging and low temperature operation are of vital importance for the further development of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),which is hindered by the utilization of conventional carbonate-based elec-trolytes due to their slow kinetics,narrow operating temperature and voltage range.Herein,an acetoni-trile(AN)-based localized high-concentration electrolyte(LHCE)is proposed to retain liquid state and high ionic conductivity at ultra-low temperatures while possessing high oxidation stability.We originally reveal the excellent thermal shielding effect of non-solvating diluent to prevent the aggregation of Lit sol-vates as temperature drops,maintaining the merits of fast Li transport and facile desolvation as at room temperature,which bestows the graphite electrode with remarkable low temperature performance(264 mA h g^(-1) at-20 C).Remarkably,an extremely high capacity retention of 97%is achieved for high-voltage high-energy graphitellNCM batteries after 250 cycles at-20 C,and a high capacity of 110 mA h g^(-1)(71%of its room-temperature capacity)is retained at-30°C.The study unveils the key role of the non-solvating diluents and provides instructive guidance in designing electrolytes towards fast-charging and low temperature LIBs.

关键词： Li-ion battery Fast-charging Low temperature Non-solvating diluent Shielding effect

Deep Broad Learning for Emotion Classification in Textual Conversations

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 481-491页

作者： Sancheng Peng Rong Zeng Hongzhan Liu Lihong Cao Guojun Wang Jianguo Xie Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics and Laboratory of Language Engineering and ComputingGuangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Modern Education Technology Center Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhou 510006China

Emotion classification in textual conversations focuses on classifying the emotion of each utterance from textual conversations.It is becoming one of the most important tasks for natural language processing in recent years.However,it is a challenging task for machines to conduct emotion classification in textual conversations because emotions rely heavily on textual context.To address the challenge,we propose a method to classify emotion in textual conversations,by integrating the advantages of deep learning and broad learning,namely DBL.It aims to provide a more effective solution to capture local contextual information(i.e.,utterance-level)in an utterance,as well as global contextual information(i.e.,speaker-level)in a conversation,based on Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM),and broad learning.Extensive experiments have been conducted on three public textual conversation datasets,which show that the context in both utterance-level and speaker-level is consistently beneficial to the performance of emotion classification.In addition,the results show that our proposed method outperforms the baseline methods on most of the testing datasets in weighted-average F1.

关键词： emotion classification textual conversation Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM) broad learning

Neoantigen cancer vaccines:a new star on the horizon

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第4期21卷 274-311页

作者： Xiaoling Li Jian You Liping Hong Weijiang Liu Peng Guo Xishan Hao Cell Biotechnology Laboratory Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport HospitalTianjin 300308China National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin 300060China Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300090China Department of Thoracic Oncology Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport HospitalTianjin 300308China Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalTianjin 300060China tianjin Medical university Cancer institute&Hospital Tianjin 300060China

Immunotherapy represents a promising strategy for cancer treatment that utilizes immune cells or drugs to activate the patient's own immune system and eliminate cancer cells.One of the most exciting advances within this field is the targeting of neoantigens,which are peptides derived from non-synonymous somatic mutations that are found exclusively within cancer cells and absent in normal cells.Although neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines have not received approval for standard cancer treatment,early clinical trials have yielded encouraging outcomes as standalone monotherapy or when combined with checkpoint inhibitors.Progress made in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics have greatly facilitated the precise and efficient identification of neoantigens.Consequently,personalized neoantigen-based vaccines tailored to each patient have been developed that are capable of eliciting a robust and long-lasting immune response which effectively eliminates tumors and prevents recurrences.This review provides a concise overview consolidating the latest clinical advances in neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines,and also discusses challenges and future perspectives for this innovative approach,particularly emphasizing the potential of neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines to enhance clinical efficacy against advanced solid tumors.

关键词： Immunotherapy neoantigen cancer vaccine solid tumors high-throughput sequencing bioinformatics PDOs AI HLA TCR

PbrARF4 contributes to calyx shedding of fruitlets in ‘Dangshan Suli’ pear by partly regulating the expression of abscission genes

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 341-354页

作者： Guoling Guo Pengfei Wei Tao Yu Haiyan Zhang Wei Heng Lun Liu Liwu Zhu Bing Jia School of Horticulture Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhui 230036China Huayuan foreign language School Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiang 322100China Agricultural Experimental Center of Guiyang Guiyang Agriculture and Rural BureauGuiyangGuizhou 550018China

Fruitlet calyx shedding in pear plants is apparently regulated via numerous pathways that involve both environmental triggers and phytohormones cues such as auxin. In this study, we found at 10 days after full bloom (DAFB) higher levels of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and tryptophan (Trp) in calyx persistence fruitlet (CPF) than calyx shedding fruitlet (CSF) ofDanshan Suli’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rhed.). Consisting with this, the activity of indolealdehyde oxidase (IAAIdO), which promotes IAA synthesis, was remarkably increased, and that of peroxidase(POD), which degrades IAA, dropped markedly in CPF but not in CSF. Further, qRT-PCR results revealed that most of 31 PbrARFs (encoding auxin response factors) in Pyrus bretschneideri were highly expressed in CPF, whereas PbrARF4, PbrARF24 and PbrARF26 were significantly downregulated in CPF vis-a-vis CSF. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 6 PbrARFs clustered in the group III, where PbrARF4 showed the closest affinity with AtARF1 that promotes organ abscission, indicating a putative role of PbrARF4 in mediating the process of calyx shedding in pear. In fact, the ectopic overexpression of PbrARF4 in Solanum lycopersicum resulted in an earlier-formed and deeper abscission layer (AL) in the transgenic plants, whose calyxes were more prone to wilt at the mature red stage (MR) compared with the control plants (wild-type). More importantly, expression levels of the abscission genes SILS and Sl Cel2 in transgenic plants overexpressing PbrARF4 were significantly upregulated in comparation with the WT, whereas those of Sl BI and Sl TAPG2 were considerably inhibited. Further, PbrJOINTLESS and PbrIDA,the two genes related to calyx shedding in pear, were up-regulated more in CSF than CPF. The findings contribute to a better understanding of PbrARFs involved in fruitlet calyx shedding of pear, which could prove beneficial to improving the quality of pear fruit.

关键词： Pear Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd Calyx shedding IAA PbrARF4 Abscission genes

Design and synthesis of polyoxovanadate-based framework for efficient dye degradation

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 447-453页

作者： Qing Lan Su-Juan Jin Zheng Wang Xu-Yang Li Yan Xiong Zhuo-Cheng Wang Shan-Shan Liu Zhi-Ming Zhang Qiang Zhao Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyang 473061China institute of New Energy Materials&Low Carbon Technology Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

A new polyoxovanadate-based framework material[Cu(en)_(2)]_(4)V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)·6H_(2)O(1)was designed and synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of NaVO_(3),Cu(NO_(3))_(2)·6H_(2)O and 1,2-diaminoethane(en)via carefully adjusting the pH value of the reaction system.The structure of the title compound has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diff raction analysis,thermogravimetric analysis,infrared spectra and elemental analysis.Detail structural analysis demonstrate the three-dimensional(3D)framework structure of compound 1,which was composed of the[V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)]_(8)−({V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)})anions linked by the Cu^(2+)cations.Compound 1 represents the fi rst 3D framework based on{V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)}polyoxoanions and copper complexes.Solar-driven degradation of residual organic pollutants in industrial wastewater is still a major problem for human beings.Photocatalytic experiments reveal that compound 1 possesses of excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B.

关键词： Polyoxovanadate Framework Polyoxovanadate-based framework Photocatalytic Organic pollutants

Scattered Co-anchored MoS2 synergistically boosting photothermal capture and storage of phase change materials

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 208-215页

作者： Yang Li Panpan Liu Yan Gao Yuhao Feng Peicheng Li Xiao Chen institute of Advanced Materials Beijing Normal University School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Environment Beijing Normal University

Pristine phase change materials（PCMs） suffer from inherent deficiencies of poor solar absorption and photothermal conversion.Herein,we proposed a strategy of co-incorporation of zero-dimensional（OD）metal nanoparticles and two-dimensional（2D） photothermal materials in PCMs for efficient capture and conversion of solar energy into thermal energy.Highly scattered Co-anchored MoS2nanoflower cluster serving as photon and phonon triggers was prepared by in-situ hydrothermal growth of ZIF67 polyhedron on 2D MoS2and subsequent high-temperature carbonization.After encapsulating thermal storage unit（paraffin wax）,the obtained composite PCMs integrated high-performance photothermal conversion and thermal energy storage capability.Benefiting from the synergistic enhancement of OD Co nanoparticles with localized surface plasmon resonance effect,carbon layer with the conjugation effect and 2D MoS2with strong solar absorption,composite PCMs exhibited a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 95.19%,Additionally,the resulting composite PCMs also demonstrated long-term thermal sto rage stability and durable structu ral stability after 300 thermal cycles.The proposed collabo rative co-incorporation strategy provides some innovative references for developing next-generation photothermal PCMs in solar energy utilization.

关键词： Phase change materials Photothermal conversion Thermal energy storage

Overcoming adaptive resistance in AML by synergistically targeting FOXO3A-GNG7-mTOR axis with FOXO3A inhibitor Gardenoside and rapamycin

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 397-412页

作者： Zhe Chen Qian Guo Shichen Huang Lei Li Feng Wu Zhilong Liu Zhigang Li Tao Chen Guanbin Song Shuangnian Xu Jieping Chen Yu Hou Department of Hematology Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)Chongqing 400038China institute of Life Sciences Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing foreign language School Chongqing 400039China

Therapeutic targeting FOxO3A(a forkhead transcription factor)represents a prom-ising strategy to suppress acute myeloid leukemia(AML).However,the effective inhibitors that target FOXO3A are lacking and the adaptive response signaling weakens the cytotoxic effect of FOxO3A depletion on AML cells.Here,we show that FOxO3A deficiency induces a compensa-tory response involved in the reactive activation of mTOR that leads to signaling rebound and adaptive resistance.Mitochondrial metabolism acts downstream of mTOR to provoke activa-tion of JNK/c-JUN via reactive oxygen species(ROS).At the molecular level,FOXO3A directly binds to the promoter of G protein gamma subunit 7(GNG7)and preserves its expression,while GNG7 interacts with mTOR and restricts phosphorylated activation of mTOR.Consequently,combinatorial inhibition of FOXO3A and mTOR show a synergistic cytotoxic effect on AML cells and prolongs survival in a mouse model of AML.Through a structure-based virtual screening,we report one potent small-molecule FOxO3A inhibitor(Gardenoside)that exhibits a strong effect of anti-FOXO3A DNA binding.Gardenoside synergizes with rapamycin to substantially reduce tumor burden and extend survival in AML patient-derived xenograft model.These results demonstrate that mTOR can mediate adaptive resistance to FOxO3A inhibition and validate a combinatorial approach for treating AML.

关键词： AML Combinatorial inhibition FOXO3A GNG7 mTOR

Event-triggered adaptive output feedback control for hyperbolic PDEs: swapping-based design

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 327-328页

作者： Chunting JI Zhengqiang ZHANG Xue-Jun XIE School of Engineering Qufu Normal University institute of Automation Qufu Normal University

Partial differential equations(PDEs) characterize transport phenomena and fluid flow, and common cases include heat exchangers and road traffic [1]. Recently, scholars have become enthusiastic about event-triggered control(ETC) of hyperbolic PDEs, primarily because it can help conserve computing and communication resources. For example,Ref. [2] presented an output feedback ETC scheme for 2 × 2hyperbolic PDEs.

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