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Deep tectonics and seismogenic mechanisms of the seismic source zone of the Jishishan M_(s)6.2 earthquake on December 18,2023,at the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 514-521页

作者： Qiong Wang ShuYu Li XinYi Li Yue Wu PanPan Zhao Yuan Gao Key Laboratory of earthquake Prediction Institute of Earthquake ForecastingChina Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China

On December 18,2023,an M_(s)6.2 earthquake occurred in Jishishan,Gansu province,*** earthquake happened in the eastern region of the Qilian Orogenic Belt,which is situated at the forefront of the NE margin of the Tibetan Plateau(i.e.,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau),encompassing a rhombic-shaped area that intersects the Qilian-Qaidam Basin,Alxa Block,Ordos Block,and South China *** this study,we analyzed the deep tectonic pattern of the Jishishan earthquake by incorporating data on the crustal thickness,velocity structure,global navigation satellite system(GNSS)strain field,and *** discovered that the location of the earthquake was related to changes in the crustal *** results showed that the Jishishan M_(s)6.2 earthquake occurred in a unique position,with rapid changes in the crustal thickness,Vp/Vs,phase velocity,and S-wave *** epicenter of the earthquake was situated at the transition zone between high and low velocities and was in proximity to a low-velocity ***,the source area is flanked by two high-velocity anomalies from the east and *** principal compressive strain orientation near the Lajishan Fault is primarily in the NNE and NE directions,which align with the principal compressive stress direction in this *** some areas of the Lajishan Fault,the principal compressive strain orientations show the NNW direction,consistent with the direction of the upper crustal fast-wave polarization from local earthquakes and the phase velocity azimuthal *** features underscore the relationship between the occurrence of the Jishishan M_(s)6.2 earthquake and the deep inhomogeneous structure and deep tectonic *** NE margin of the Tibetan Plateau was thickened by crustal extension in the process of northeastward expansion,and the middle and lower crustal materials underwent structural deformation and may have been filled with salt-containing fluids during the extension *** presence

关键词： Jishishan M_(s)6.2 earthquake crustal structure anisotropy stress and strain seismogenic mechanism northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Probing the interseismic locking state of the Xianshuihe fault based on a viscoelastic deformation model

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 134-145页

作者： Yage ZHU Faqi DIAO Fei CHEN Yuebing WANG Zhigang SHAO Rongjiang WANG Xiong XIONG Hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory School of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China China earthquake Networks center Beijing 100045China Institute of earthquake forecasting China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China

The interseismic locking state of tectonic faults is essential for regional seismic hazard ***,it is challenging to obtain this parameter reliably due to the weak deformation and complex model *** better probe the fault locking state,more reliable physical models and well-covered observations are *** we investigate the locking state of the Xianshuihe fault based on a new-developed viscoelastic deformation ***,we combine GPS velocities from 13 new near-field stations and existing stations in this region to improve the spatial *** to the theoretical predictions,our results indicate that the elastic model will clearly overestimate the fault locking depth and seismic moment accumulation rate,and the fault slip rate inferred from the elastic model is slightly lower than that from the viscoelastic *** on the locking distribution inferred from the viscoelastic model,we identify four potential asperities on the Xianshuihe *** importantly,we find a clear spatial correlation between the fault locking distribution and the rupture extent of historical earthquakes,which indicates that the fault locking state may control the rupture extent and thus the magnitude of *** addition,our results show that the 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake only ruptured the south part of a potential asperity,and the accumulated energy in the northern unruptured area is equivalent to an Mw6.9 earthquake,where the seismic hazard deserves special attention.

关键词： Fault kinematics Viscoelastic relaxation effect GPS observations Seismic hazard The 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake

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Study on the Physical Process and Seismogenic Mechanism of the Yangbi MS 6.4 earthquake in Dali, Yunnan province

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第S1期 22-23页

作者： DUAN Mengqiao ZHAO Cuiping ZHOU Lianqing Institute of earthquake forecasting China Earthquake Administration

The Ms 6.4 earthquake occurred on May 21, 2021 in Yangbi County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan province, which was the largest earthquake after the 2014 Jinggu Ms 6.6 earthquake, in western Yunnan. After the earthquake, the rapid field investigation and earthquake relocation reveal that there was no obvious surface rupture and the earthquake did not occur on pre-existing active fault, but on a buried fault on the west side of Weixi–Qiaohou–Weishan fault zone in the eastern boundary of Baoshan sub-block. Significant foreshocks appeared three days before the earthquake. These phenomena aroused scholars' intensive attention. What the physical process and seismogenic mechanism of the Yangbi Ms 6.4 earthquake are revealed by the foreshocks and aftershocks? These scientific questions need to be solved urgently.

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The forecasting efficiency under different selected regions by Pattern Informatics Method and seismic potential estimation in the North-South Seismic Zone

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earthquake Science 2024年第4期37卷 368-382页

作者： Weixi Tian Yongxian Zhang Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Institute of earthquake forecasting China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China

In 2022,four earthquakes with M_(S)≥6.0 including the Menyuan M_(S)6.9 and Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquakes occurred in the North-South Seismic Zone(NSSZ),which demonstrated high and strong *** Informatics(PI)method,as an effective long and medium term earthquake forecasting method,has been applied to the strong earthquake forecasting in Chinese mainland and results have shown the positive *** earthquake catalog with magnitude above M_(S)3.0 since 1970 provided by China earthquake Networks center was employed in this study and the Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)method was applied to test the forecasting efficiency of the PI method in each selected region related to the North-South Seismic Zone *** on this,we selected the area with the best ROC testing result and analyzed the evolution process of the PI hotspot map reflecting the small seismic activity pattern prior to the Menyuan M_(S)6.9 and Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquakes.A“forward”forecast for the area was carried out to assess seismic *** study shows the following.1)PI forecasting has higher forecasting efficiency in the selected study region where the difference of seismicity in any place of the region is smaller.2)In areas with smaller differences of seismicity,the activity pattern of small earthquakes prior to the Menyuan M_(S)6.9 and Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquakes can be obtained by analyzing the spatio-temporal evolution process of the PI hotspot map.3)The hotspot evolution in and around the southern Tazang fault in the study area is similar to that prior to the strong earthquakes,which suggests the possible seismic hazard in the *** study could provide some ideas to the seismic hazard assessment in other regions with high seismicity,such as Japan,Californi,Turkey,and Indonesia.

关键词： Luding M_(S)6.8 and Menyuan M_(S)6.9 earthquake Pattern Informatics Method North-South Seismic Zone earthquake forecasting seismic activity pattern.

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High-probability ground motion simulation in Maduo County for the Maduo M7.4 earthquake in 2021: A possible supershear earthquake

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Zongchao Li Zhiwei Ji Jize Sun Hiroe Miyake Yanna Zhao Hongjun Si Mengtan Gao Yi Ding Institute of Geophysics， China earthquake administration Institute of earthquake forecasting， China earthquake administration Shenzhen Academy of Disaster Prevention and Reduction earthquake Research Institute， The University of Tokyo Geophysical Exploration center， China earthquake administration Beijing University of Technology

On May 22， 2021， an Ms7.4 earthquake occurred in Maduo County， Qinghai province， on the western plateau of China. The level of seismic monitoring in this area was inadequate， and incomplete seismic waveforms were obtained from a few broadband seismometers located within 300 km of the epicentre. All waveforms showed "truncation" phenomena. The waveforms of earthquakes can guide ground motion inputs in near-fault areas. This paper uses the empirical Green's function method to consider the uncertainties in source parameters and source rupture processes by synthesizing high-probability， accurate waveforms in Maduo County （MAD station） near the epicentre. The acceleration waveform at the DAW strong-motion station， located 176 km from the epicentre， is first synthesized with the observed waveform of the mainshock. This critical step not only provides a more accurate source and rupture model of the Maduo earthquake but also establishes an essential reference standard. Secondly， the inferred models are rigorously applied to synthesize the acceleration waveform of the MAD station， ensuring that the results maintain a high accuracy and probability. The findings suggest that （1） the simulated acceleration waveform for the MAD station can better characterize the actual ground motion characteristics of the Ms7.4 earthquake in Maduo County， with high accuracy and probability in peak ground acceleration （Abbreviated as PGA） ranges of 140–240 cm/s2and 350–390 cm/s2， respectively， and （2） the Ms7.4 earthquake did not undergo a complete supershear rupture process. The first asperity located on the east side of the epicentre is most likely to undergo supershear rupture. However， the Maduo earthquake may have been a complete subshear rupture. （3） The fault dislocation model of the three-asperity model better matches the actual source rupture process of the Maduo earthquake. This method can provide relatively accurate acceleration waveforms for regions with limited earthquake monitoring

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Fasudil-modified macrophages reduce inflammation and regulate the immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 671-679页

作者： Chunyun Liu Shangde Guo Rong Liu Minfang Guo Qing Wang Zhi Chai Baoguo Xiao Cungen Ma Institute of Brain Science Shanxi Datong UniversityDatongShanxi ProvinceChina The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Cireulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research center of Neurobiology Shanxi University of Chinese MedicineTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina Institute of Neurology Huashan HospitalInstitutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Multiple sclerosis is characterized by demyelination and neuronal loss caused by inflammatory cell activation and infiltration into the central nervous *** polarization plays an important role in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,a traditional experimental model of multiple *** study investigated the effect of Fasudil on macrophages and examined the therapeutic potential of Fasudil-modified macrophages in experimental autoimmune *** found that Fasudil induced the conversion of macrophages from the pro-inflammatory M1 type to the anti-inflammatory M2 type,as shown by reduced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide,interleukin-12,and CD16/32 and increased expression of arginase-1,interleukin-10,CD14,and CD206,which was linked to inhibition of Rho kinase activity,decreased expression of toll-like receptors,nuclear factor-κB,and components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway,and generation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-1β,and ***,Fasudil-modified macrophages effectively decreased the impact of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,resulting in later onset of disease,lower symptom scores,less weight loss,and reduced demyelination compared with unmodified *** addition,Fasudil-modified macrophages decreased interleukin-17 expression on CD4^(+)T cells and CD16/32,inducible nitric oxide synthase,and interleukin-12 expression on F4/80^(+)macrophages,as well as increasing interleukin-10 expression on CD4^(+)T cells and arginase-1,CD206,and interleukin-10 expression on F4/80^(+)macrophages,which improved immune regulation and reduced *** findings suggest that Fasudil-modified macrophages may help treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing M2 macrophage polarization and inhibiting the inflammatory response,thereby providing new insight into cell immunotherapy for m

关键词： anti-inflammatory experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Fasudil macrophage multiple sclerosis pro-inflammatory Rho kinase

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Exploring the characteristics of microbial community and enzyme activity in the aged refuse landfill environment of Taiyuan, China

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 879-891页

作者： Fen HOU Junjie DU Yuzhou MENG Xihui WU Department of Land Resource Management School of Public Administration Shanxi University of Finance and Economics College of Life Science Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Microbial Application Technologies Shanxi Normal University

Municipal solid waste landfill is the main disposal option for domestic garbage, in which microbial activities play an important role. However, despite the widespread practice of landfilling, the metagenomic microbial profiles of landfill sites remain poorly characterized. In this study, we used a combination of physicochemical analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and high-throughput Illumina shotgun sequencing to systematically investigate the changes in soil enzyme activities, microbial community structure, and functional attributes in aged refuse collected from the Xingou Municipal Solid Waste Landfill in Taiyuan, China, with ordinary topsoil from an area within 5 km of the landfill as control soil. Except for neutral phosphatase (P=0.065), the activities of urease, laccase, dehydrogenase, sucrase, neutral protease, and β-glucosidase were all significantly reduced (P <0.05) in the aged refuse compared with the control soil. Contrastingly, catalase activity was found to be significantly elevated in the aged refuse. Compared with the control soil, aged refuse was characterized by higher richness and diversity of microbial communities, as reflected by the higher values of community richness estimators (Chao 1 and ACE) and diversity indices (Shannon and Simpson). In total, 186 phyla, 4 354 genera, and 34 459 species were identified, with 132 phyla, 1 914 genera, and7 369 species showing significantly different abundances between the aged refuse and the control soil. Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were identified as the dominant phyla in the control soil, whereas Proteobacteria, Euryarchaeota (archaea), and Firmicutes were found to predominate in the aged ***, Euryarchaeota and Methanoculleus were the major taxa detected in the aged refuse, but were almost completely absent in the control soil. Xenobiotic biodegradation and bacterial chemotaxis were the main functions of the microflora in the aged refuse, whereas the carbohydrate, amino acid,

关键词： functional attribute metabolism pathway municipal solid waste landfill resource utilization soil microflora

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Intrinsic and scattering attenuations of the Sichuan-Yunnan region in China from S coda waves

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earthquake Science 2024年第1期37卷 51-66页

作者： Tian Li Lei Zhang Xiaodong Song Qincai Wang Xinyu Jiang Jinchuan Zhang Hanlin Chen SinoProbe Laboratory School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Hebei Hongshan National Observatory on Thick Sediments and Seismic Hazards Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of earthquake forecasting China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China earthquake Agency of Jiangsu province Nanjing 210014China

Seismic attenuation is a fundamental property of the Earth's *** structure for the complicated geological structures with strong seismicity in the Sichuan-Yunnan region is poorly *** this study,we collected 108,399 waveforms of 11,517 local small earthquakes with magnitudes between 1.5 and 3.5 from January 2014 to September 2021 in the Sichuan-Yunnan region and its adjacent *** employed an envelope inversion technique for separating the intrinsic and scattering attenuations of the S coda wave,and obtained the intrinsic and scattering attenuation structures for frequencies between 0.25 and 8.00 *** attenuation structures correlate well with the geological units,and some major faults mark the attenuation variations where historic large earthquakes have *** regional average attenuation shows a negative frequency *** average scattering attenuation has a faster descending rate than the average intrinsic attenuation,and is dominant at low frequencies,while at high frequencies the average intrinsic attenuation is *** lateral variation in the intrinsic attenuation is consistent with the variation in heat flow,the scattering attenuation may be related to the scatter distribution and *** total attenuation is consistent with the previous studies in this region,and the separate intrinsic and scattering attenuation may be useful in understanding regional tectonics and important in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.

关键词： Intrinsic attenuation scattering attenuation Sichuan-Yunnan region

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Analysis on characteristics of extreme precipitation indices and atmospheric circulation in Northern shanxi

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第2期16卷 84-97页

作者： Xia Cai Yan Song Lin Cai Xin Su GuiHua Liang YanMing Xu Shuozhou Meteorological Bureau of shanxi province ShuozhouShanxi 036002China China Meteorological administration Training center Beijing 100081China Heze University of Shandong province HezeShandong 274000China Huafeng Meteorological Media Group Beijing 100081China Shuocheng Meteorological Bureau ShuozhouShanxi 036002China

This article utilizes daily precipitation data from 28 national meteorological stations in northern shanxi province spanning from 1972 to 2020,and the US NCEP/NCAR monthly average reanalysis and ERA5 monthly average reanalysis *** study employs techniques such as empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition,MannKendall mutation and other methods to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of extreme precipitation index in northern shanxi and their correlation with atmospheric *** research results show that:the absolute index,relative index,intensity index and sustained dry period index(CDD)in the continuous index appear from southwest to *** spatial distribution characteristics of the central region decrease,while the continuous wet period(CWD)decreases from the central to the east and *** three indices Rx1day,Rx5day,and CWD mutated in 1978,1975,and 1983 respectively,and other extreme precipitation indices all appeared in a sudden change from a low-value period to a high-value period occurred around *** the high-value years of the summer extreme precipitation index,there is a significant negative anomaly in the height field in the mid-high latitude regions of *** shanxi is controlled by a broad low-pressure trough in the Lake Baikal *** vapor transported via the east,west,and south routes converges in the northern shanxi region and encounters cold air from the *** is a strong upward motion anomaly at 500 hPa in the troposphere,and the dynamic conditions of upper-level divergence and lower-level convergence lead to more summer extreme precipitation in the northern shanxi ***,in the low-value years of the summer extreme precipitation index,northern shanxi is affected by a strong high-pressure ridge north of Lake *** is a downward motion anomaly at 500 hPa,and the northern shanxi region lacks water *** cold and warm air cannot converge,and both the water vapor conditions

关键词： Northern shanxi Extreme precipitation indices Spatio-temporal distribution and evolution Mutations Atmospheric circulation anomaly

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Rapid report of source parameters of 2023 M6.2 Jishishan,Gansu earthquake sequence

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 436-443页

作者： ZhiGao Yang Jie Liu YingYing Zhang Wen Yang XueMei Zhang China earthquake Networks center Beijing 100045China

The M6.2 earthquake in Jishishan,Gansu province,on December 18,2023,caused extraordinary earthquake *** was located in the northern part of the north−south seismic zone,which is a key area for earthquake monitoring in *** newly built dense strong motion stations in this area provide unprecedented conditions for high-precision earthquake relocation,especially the earthquake focal *** paper uses the newly built strong motion and traditional broadband seismic networks to relocate the source locations of the M3.0 and above aftershocks and to invert their focal *** horizontal error of earthquake location is estimated to be 0.5−1 km,and the vertical error is 1−2 *** focal depth range of aftershocks is 9.6−14.6 km,distributed in a 12-km-long strip with SSE *** in the south are more concentrated horizontally and vertically,while aftershocks in the north are more *** focal mechanisms of the main shock and aftershocks are relatively consistent,and the P-axis orientation is consistent with the regional strain *** is a seismic blank area of M3.0 and above,about 3−5 km between the main shock and *** is suggested that the energy released by the main shock rupture is concentrated in this *** on the earthquake location and focal mechanism of the main shock,it is inferred that the Northern Lajishan fault zone is the seismogenic structure of the main shock,and the main shock did not occur on the main fault,but on a secondary *** initial rupture depth and centroid depth of the main shock were 12.8 and 14.0 km,*** source rupture depth may not be the main reason for the severe earthquake disaster.

关键词： Jishishan earthquake earthquake relocation focal mechanism strong motion data

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