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Effects of Bifidobacterium lactis BLa80 on fecal and mucosal flora and stem cell factor/c-kit signaling pathway in simulated microgravity rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 93-109页

作者： Ping Zhang Ying Zhu Pu Chen Tong Zhou Zhe-Yi Han Jun Xiao Jian-Feng Ma Wen Ma Peng Zang Ying Chen Graduate School Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou 075000Hebei ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Aerospace Nutrition and food Engineering China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing 100094China Department of Gastroenterology The Air Force Medical CenterBeijing 100142China Department of Blood Transfusion Air Force Medical CenterBeijing 100142China

BACKGROUND Simulated microgravity environment can lead to gastrointestinal motility *** pathogenesis of gastrointestinal motility disorders is closely related to the stem cell factor(SCF)/c-kit signaling pathway associated with intestinal flora and Cajal stromal ***,intestinal flora can also affect the regulation of SCF/c-kit signaling pathway,thus affecting the expression of Cajal stromal *** cells are the pacemakers of gastrointestinal *** To investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium lactis(***)BLa80 on the intestinal flora of rats in simulated microgravity and on the gastrointestinal motility-related SCF/c-kit *** The internationally recognized tail suspension animal model was used to simulate the microgravity environment,and 30 rats were randomly divided into control group,tail suspension group and drug administration tail suspension group with 10 rats in each group for a total of 28 *** tail group was given *** BLa80 by intragastric administration,and the other two groups were given water intragastric administration,the concentration of intragastric administration was 0.1 g/mL,and each rat was 1 mL/***&eosin staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in each segment of the intestine of each group,and the expression levels of SCF,c-kit,extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)and p-ERK in the gastric antrum of each group were detected by Western blotting and *** fecal flora and mucosal flora of rats in each group were detected by 16S *** Simulated microgravity resulted in severe exfoliation of villi of duodenum,jejunum and ileum in rats,marked damage,increased space between villi,loose arrangement,shortened columnar epithelium of colon,less folds,narrower mucosal thickness,reduced goblet cell number and crypts,and significant improvement after probiotic *** microgravity reduced the expressions of SCF and c-kit,and increased the express

关键词： Simulated microgravity Rat Intestinal flora Gastrointestinal motility Stem cell factor/c-kit signaling pathway

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2D phosphides heterostructures on titanium microfiltration membrane for enhanced ampere-level current density overall seawater splitting

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Nano research 2025年第1期18卷 249-259页

作者： Wenjing Dai Xin Wang Yulong Ma Sisi He Ming Chen Zhaohui Yin Shuheng Tian Maolin Wang Shixiang Yu Hang Zhang Yuanzhe Wang Hong Wang Jianxin Li Faming Gao Bowen Cheng Yun Wang Zhen Yin Ding Ma Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization College of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China State Key Laboratory of biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China Haian Institute of High-Tech research Nanjing UniversityHaian 226600China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes Separation Membrane Science and Technology International Joint Research CentreTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy School of Environment and ScienceGold Coast CampusGriffith UniversitySouthportQueensland 4222Australia

The advancement of direct seawater electrolysis is a significant step towards sustainable hydrogen production,addressing the critical need for renewable energy sources and efficient resource ***,direct seawater electrolysis has to face several challenges posed by the corrosiveness of highly concentrated chloride and the competitive chlorine evolution reaction(ClER).To overcome these issues,we designed a novel NiP_(2)@CoP electrocatalyst on a porous titanium microfiltration(Ti MF)*** obtained bifunctional NiP_(2)@CoP catalyst outperforms the Pt/C and IrO_(2),as evidenced by its low overpotentials of 192 and 425 mV at a current density of 500 mA·cm^(-2) for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in alkaline seawater(1 M KOH+0.5 M NaCl),***,only 231 and 569 mV overpotentials are required at the current density of 1500 mA·cm^(-2) towards HER and OER in alkaline seawater,*** importantly,no ClER was observed,demonstrating its excellent selectivity to *** selection of porous Ti MF membrane as an electrode substrate further enhances the performance by providing a robust structure that promotes the fast generation and release of gas *** promising outcomes obtained with NiP_(2)@CoP catalysts on Ti MF support,therefore,pave the way for the commercial viability of direct seawater electrolysis technologies at industrial-level current densities.

关键词： direct seawater electrolysis porous titanium microfiltration membrane phosphides heterostructures NiP_(2)@CoP electrocatalyst excellent selectivity to oxygen evolution reaction(OER)

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Expression levels of aminopeptidase-N genes in the lightbrown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana

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Insect Science 2008年第6期15卷 505-512页

作者： Robert M. Simpson Joanne Poulton Ngaire P. Markwick Horticulture and food research Institute Palmerston North Horticulture and food research Institute Auckland New Zealand

Five aminopeptidase-N genes （EpAPN1-5） of the tortricid moth Epiphyas postvittana have been isolated from a midgut expressed sequence tag （EST） library. Relative RNA expression of these genes was measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using actin as a reference gene. Measurements were made on various tissues of fifth instar larvae, over all stages of the life cycle and under differing dietary conditions： different protein sources and levels, and in presence of trypsin and metalloprotease inhibitors. Gene expression for all five genes was the greatest in midgut tissue, but was also detected in the hindgut, fat body and Malpighian tubules. EpAPN4 was consistently the highest expressed, with EpAPN3 at about half that level; EpAPN5 was the least expressed. During larval stages expression was high, generally increasing over the instars, after an early peak as neonates or first instars. Expression in other life stages was much lower. Males and females showed differing expression in the pupal and adult stages： female expression was higher in the pupa, this reversed in the adult. Gene expression levels and ratios both changed with diet. A natural apple leaf diet depressed levels. Diets with the most impaired amino acid balance induced the greatest change; generally EpAPN1 increased by the greatest proportion. The addition of proteinase inhibitor also increased gene expression, and it was noteworthy that the trypsin inhibitor addition, which has been shown to double aminopeptidase activity, also doubled levels of gene expression.

关键词： aminopeptidase Epiphyas postvittana Q-PCR

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Feeding More People on an Increasingly Fragile Planet: China's food and Nutrition Security in a National and Global Context

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第6期13卷 1193-1205页

作者： Shenggen Fan Joanna Brzeska International food Policy research Institute

Developing and developed countries alike are increasingly facing the dififcult question of how to feed more people amidst a host of emerging demographic, environmental, and health challenges. At the same time, in addition to food quantity, increased attention is being given to food quality attributes, in particular nutrition and safety. This is especially evident in China, where concerns are on the rise regarding the ability of China’s food production systems to deliver nutritious and safe food to a growing, urbanizing and more aflfuent population. These food and nutrition concerns come at a time when China is an increasingly inlfuential actor within the global food security network through activities such as production, consumption and trade. We argue that China has the opportunity to increase food and nutrition security both nationally and globally through a comprehensive policy agenda that focuses on institutional reforms, investments for and in agriculture, productive social safety nets, mutually beneifcial trade, and the exchange of know-how and technologies among developing countries and donors. This agenda will help China adapt its food production systems to the changing face of agriculture and to play a vital role in addressing the emerging challenges facing food and nutrition security within and beyond China in the coming decades.

关键词： food security nutrition China agricultural development

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Conventional digital cameras as a tool for assessing leaf area index and biomass for cereal breeding

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第1期56卷 7-14页

作者： Jaume Casadesús Dolors Villegas Institute of food and Agricultural research and Technology

Affordable and easy-to-use methods for assessing biomass and leaf area index （LAI） would be of interest in most breeding programs. Here, we describe the evaluation of a protocol for photographic sampling and image analysis aimed at providing low-labor yet robust indicators of biomass and LAI. In this trial, two genotypes of triticale, two of bread wheat, and four of tritordeum were studied. At six dates during the growing cycle, biomass and LAI were measured destructively, and digital photography was taken on the same dates. Several vegetation indices were calculated from each image. The results showed that repeatable and consistent values of the indices were obtained in consecutive photographic samplings on the same plots. The photographic indices were highly correlated with the destructive measure-ments, though the magnitude of the correlation was lower after anthesis. This work shows that photographic assess-ment of biomass and LAI can be fast, affordable, have good repeatability, and can be used under bright and overcast skies. A practical vegetation index derived from pictures is the fraction of green pixels over the total pixels of the image, and as it shows good correlations with all biomass variables, is the most robust to lighting conditions and has easy interpretation.

关键词： Digital camera image analysis leaf area index plantbreeding vegetation index

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Protective effects of edible insect protein extracts from Protaetia brevitarsis against H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative stress in mouse C2C12 myoblast cells

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food Bioscience 2023年第2期52卷 435-443页

作者： Jae Hoon Lee Tae-Kyung Kim Min-Cheol Kang Bum-Keun Kim Yun-Sang Choi research Group of food Processing Korea Food Research InstituteWanju55365Republic of Korea

Edible insects have been attracting significant attention not only for their nutritional superiority but also for their excellent bio-functional *** this study,the apoptotic protective effects of water-soluble protein(WPB)and salt-soluble protein(SPB)extracts derived from Protaetia brevitarsis against hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))-induced oxidative stress in C2C12 cells were *** and SPB were confirmed to exhibit radical scavenging and ferric-ion reducing *** addition,WPB and SPB treatments effectively restored the decreased cell viability of the C2C12 cells induced by H2O2 treatment,and showcased protective effects against apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating the expressions of pro-and anti-apoptotic ***,our data indicated that protein extracts from Protaetia brevitarsis could be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with apoptosis induced by oxidative stress.

关键词： Edible insect protein extract Protaetia brevitarsis Antioxidant Anti-Apoptosis C2C12 myoblast cells

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Ongoing Applicative Studies of Plant Thioredoxins

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Molecular Plant 2014年第1期7卷 4-13页

作者： Hiroyuki Yano National food research Institute National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Kannondai 2-1-12 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8642 Japan

Studies triggered by the discovery of the function of thioredoxin （Trx） in photosynthesis have revealed its role throughout biology. Parallel biochemical and proteomic analyses have led to the identification of its numerous puta- tive targets. Recently, to verify the biological significance of these targets, in vivo studies using transformants in which Trx is overexpressed or suppressed are in progress, and the transformants themselves that are being used in such studies show their potential applicative values. Moreover, Trx＇s mitigation of allergenicity for some proteins offers promising prospects in the food industry. Practical studies based on redox regulation, once only on the horizon, are now achieving new dimensions. This short review focuses on the industrial applications of Trx studies, the current situation, and future perspectives. The putative targets obtained by the proteomics approach in comparison with in vivo observations of the transformants are also examined. Applicative studies of glutathione, a counterpart of Trx, are also discussed briefly.

关键词： allergen food redox regulation target thioredoxin.

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Production and evaluation of novel functional extruded corn snacks fortified with ginger,bay leaves and turmeric powder

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food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 41-57页

作者： Sara Adel Amer Ayat Ebrahim Rizk Special food and Nutrition research Department Food Technology Research Institute.Agricultural Research Center9 Gamaa StreetGizaEgypt

Extruded corn snacks are accepted by all human ages especially children, but they have low functional value. Therefore, corn extruded snacks contain rich nutraceuticals dried herbs including Laurus nobilis (T1), Curcuma longa (T2), Zingiber officinale Roscoe (T3), and the mixture of these herbs (T4) were manufactured and analyzed. The results declared that all the herbal extruded corn snacks had significantly higher ash, fibers, minerals, and vitamins A and B6. For minerals, the highest percent of increase compared to control was achieved by Fe, K, Ca, Zn content in order, being the highest in T4. The contents of Vitamin A and B6 were ranged from 283 to 445 IU/100 g and from 0.01 to 0.08 mg/100 g for the herbal extrudates, respectively. The increased percent in herbal corn snacks relative to control ranged from 743 to 452%, 188 to 17.6%, and from 313 to 99% for total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. Besides, the highest number of phenolic compounds was recorded in T4. Despite the fact that approximately all herbal extruded products had good texture and color characteristics, the best formulation was T2 and T4 corn snacks. Furthermore, the extruded products were microbiologically safe for up to 9 months. The formulation of herbal-corn snacks could fulfill consumers’ requirement for ready-to-eat-healthy foods with acceptable sensory attributes and also economically suitable for the food industry.

关键词： Ginger Laurel Turmeric Extrusion Corn snacks functional foods

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Does Particulate Organic Matter Fraction Meet the Criteria for a Model Soil Organic Matter Pool?

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Pedosphere 2019年第2期29卷 195-203页

作者： Denis CURTIN Michael H.BEARE Weiwen QIU Joanna SHARP New Zealand Institute for Plant & food research Limited

There is a well-recognized need for improved fractionation methods to partition soil organic matter into functional pools. Physical separation based on particle size is widely used, yielding particulate organic matter(POM, i.e., free or "uncomplexed" organic matter> 50 μm) as the most labile fraction. To evaluate whether POM meets criteria for an ideal model pool, we examined whether it is:1) unique, i.e., found only in the > 50 μm fraction and 2) homogeneous, rather than a composite of different subfractions. Following ultrasonic dispersion, sand(> 50 μm) along with coarse(20–50 μm) and fine(5–20 μm) silt fractions were isolated from a silt loam soil under long-term pasture at Lincoln, New Zealand. The sand and silt fractions contained 20% and 21% of total soil C, *** adopted a sequential density separation procedure using sodium polytungstate with density increasing step-wise from 1.7 to 2.4 g cm^(-3) to recover organic matter(light fractions) from the sand and silt fractions. Almost all(ca. 90%) the organic matter in the sand fraction and a large proportion(ca. 60%–70%) in the silt fractions was recovered by sequential density separation. The results suggested that POM is a composite of organo-mineral complexes with varying proportions of organic and mineral materials. Part of the organic matter associated with the silt fractions shared features in common with POM. In a laboratory bio-assay, biodegradability of POM varied depending on land use(pasture > arable cropping). We concluded that POM is neither homogeneous nor unique.

关键词： biodegradability density separation labile fraction land use particle size fractionation sand silt sodium polytungstate

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Managing Climate Change Risk in China's Agricultural Sector: The Potential for an Integrated Risk Management Framework

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第7期13卷 1418-1431页

作者： Kevin Z.Chen Claire Hsu International food Policy research Institute-Beijing Office

Climate change poses a serious threat to the future food security of China, which is among the most disaster-prone countries in the world. This paper discusses the implications of climate change for China＇s agricultural sector. Its main objectives are to identify the agricultural risks associated with climate change, to introduce a conceptual framework for agricultural climate risk management and to enumerate key adaptation strategies, challenges, and recommendations.

关键词： climate change food security risk management agricultural development

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