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Tecia solanivora infestation increases tuber starch accumulation in Pastusa Suprema potatoes

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第11期60卷 1083-1096页

作者： Pavan Kumar Etzel Garrido Kun Zhao Yi Zheng Saleh Alseekh Erandi Vargas-Ortiz Alisdair R.Fernie Zhangjun Fei Katja Poveda Georg Jander Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research 533 Tower RoadIthacaNY 14853USA Department of entomology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Wissenschaftspark GolmAm Muhlenberg 114476 PotsdamGermany department of entomology and nematology university of floridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA unidad de microbiologia basica y aplicada facultad de ciencias naturalesuniversidad autonoma de queretaroAv.de las Ciencias SINJuriquillaquerdtaroMdxico department of molecular biology institute for scientific and technological research of san luis potosiMexico

In response to infestation with larvae of the Guatemalan tuber moth （Tecia solanivora）, some Solanum tuberosum （potato） varieties exhibit an overcompensa- tion response, whereby the total dry mass of uninfested tubers is increased. Here, we describe early responses, within the first few days, of T. solanivora feeding, in the Colombian potato variety Pastusa Suprema. Non- targeted metabolite profiling showed significant second- ary metabolism changes in T. solanivora-infested tubers, but not in uninfested systemic tubers. In contrast, changes in primary metabolism were greater in unin- fested systemic tubers than in the infested tubers, with a notable 80% decline in systemic tuber sucrose levels within 1 d of T. solanivora infestation. This suggested either decreased sucrose transport from the leaves or increased sink strength, i.e., more rapid sucrose to starch conversion in the tubers. Increased sucrose synthesis was indicated by higher rubisco activase and lower starch synthase gene expression in the leaves of infested plants. Elevated sink strength was demonstrated by 45% more total starch deposition in systemic tubers of T. solanivord- infested plants compared to uninfested control plants. Thus, rather than investing in increased defense of uninfested tubers, Pastusa Suprema promotes deposition of photoassimilates in the form of starch as a response to T. solanivora infestation.

关键词： Tecia solanivora infestation increases tuber starch accumulation in Pastusa Suprema potatoes Figure

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Adoption of integrated management strategies for diamondback moth and other crucifer insect pests in Texas

Adoption of integrated management strategies for diamondback...

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5th International Workshop on Management of the Diamondback Moth and Other Crucifer Insect Pests

作者： Tong-Xian Liu LIANG G.M. XU Y.Y. M.Haseeb CHEN Wen Vegetable IPM laboratory Department of EntomologyTexas Agricultural Experiment StationTexas A&M University System Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of entomology.Shandong Agricultural University Center for Biological Control Florida A&M University Research Institute of Vegetables

The cole crops,including cabbage,Chinese cabbage,broccoli,brussels sprouts, cauliflower,kale,collards,and kohlrabi,are economically important to vegetable industry in *** moth,Plutella xylostella(L.),and cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni(Hiibner),are the two most destructive lepidopterous pests of cole crops in *** azadirachtin-based products(Neemix,Agronee and Ecozin),

关键词： Adoption of integrated management strategies for diamondback moth and other crucifer insect pests in Texas

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水生昆虫

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生物学通报 2004年第1期39卷 15-18页

作者：颜忠诚 Harry Zhong 首都师范大学生物系 Public Health entomology kessearch and Education center florida A&M University Panamacity32405FloridaUSA

介绍了水生昆虫适应水生的生物学特征,环境转换与昆虫的适应,生态类型和意义。

关键词：水生昆虫生物学环境转换适应生态类型

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农业害虫生物防治新理念—载体植物系统防治大棚蔬菜(番茄)烟粉虱

农业害虫生物防治新理念—载体植物系统防治大棚蔬菜(番茄)烟粉虱

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第三届全国生物入侵大会

作者： Katherine Houben Lance S.Osborne Department of entomology Mid-Florida MRECUniversity of FloridaUSA

烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)是一种世界性的害虫。原发于热带和亚热带区,在世界各地广泛传播并暴发成灾,现已成为美国等国家蔬菜生产上,特别是温室蔬菜重要入侵害虫。烟粉虱的幼虫和成虫通过摄取植物汁液直接危害寄主植物,还可以传... 详细信息

烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)是一种世界性的害虫。原发于热带和亚热带区,在世界各地广泛传播并暴发成灾,现已成为美国等国家蔬菜生产上,特别是温室蔬菜重要入侵害虫。烟粉虱的幼虫和成虫通过摄取植物汁液直接危害寄主植物,还可以传播110多种植物病毒,分泌蜜露诱发霉污病影响光合作用,导致农作物减产。由于化学农药引起抗药性和民众对食品安全的担忧。

关键词：载体植物天敌系统生物防治烟粉虱寄生天敌

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Description of the immature stages of a rare Andean paramo butterfly Lymanopoda caracara Pyrcz, Willmott & J. Hall, 1999(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

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Zoological Systematics 2019年第4期44卷 316-324页

作者： Pablo Padron Pierre Boyer Ariana Velez Tomasz Pyrcz Laboratono de Entomologia de la Universidad del Azuay Cuenca01.01.981Ecuador McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural HistoryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL USA 7 Lotissement l'Horizon13610 Le Puy Sainte ReparadeFrance entomology Department Institute of Zoology and Biomedical ResearchJagiellonian Universityul.Gronostajowa 930-387 KrakowPoland Nature Education Centre Jagiellonian Universityul.Gronostajowa 530-387 KrakowPoland

Immature stages of Lymanopoda caracara Pyrcz,Willmott&Hall,an endemic butterfly from the paramo life zone in the Andes of Ecuador,are described and compared with those of *** Adams from *** morphology is illustrated for four *** of head chaetotaxy and setal maps are provided for the first time for the *** host plant is identified as a dwarf bamboo Chusquea villosa(Clark)(Poaceae).Striking individual variation among adults of *** is discussed.

关键词： Caterpillar Neotropic chaetotaxy Satyrinae

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Elevated temperature intensity,timing,and duration of exposure affect soybean internode elongation,mainstem node number,and pod number per plant

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The Crop Journal 2018年第2期6卷 148-161页

作者： Leon Hartwell Allen Jr. Lingxiao Zhang Kenneth J.Boote Bernard A.Hauser U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service GainesvilleFL 32608USA Department of Agronomy University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Department of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA

A study was conducted in four compartments of a polycarbonate greenhouse at Gainesville,FL, USA to investigate how a soybean(Glycine max L. Merr.) cultivar, Maverick(maturity group III, indeterminate), responded to three elevated temperatures, ELT,(day/night of 34/26 °C, 38/30 °C, and 42/34 °C) in comparison to a control growth temperature(30/22 °C).Carbon dioxide(CO_2) concentration was maintained at 700 μmol mol^(-1) in each compartment by a processor controlled air-sampling and CO_2-injection system. Three sequential experiments were conducted at different times of year(summer, autumn, and early spring)to investigate the effect of intensity, timing, and duration of ELT on soybean node number,internode elongation, mainstem length, and number of pods set per plant. At the control temperature, the soybean plants grown in the polycarbonate greenhouse were taller than field-grown plants. When plants were grown under continuous ELT applied soon after sowing or at initial flowering, the number of nodes increased with increasing ELT intensity,whereas the length of individual internodes decreased. When ELT treatment was applied during the beginning of flowering stage(R1–R2) or earlier, more nodes were produced and the length of affected internodes was decreased. When the ELT was imposed later at reproductive stage R5+ just before the beginning of seed filling, effects on node numbers and internode lengths were negligible. Short-term(10-day) duration of ELT applied at four stages from V3 to R5+ did not significantly affect final mean numbers of nodes or mean mainstem lengths. Possible mechanisms of elevated temperature effects on soybean internode elongation and node number(internode number) are discussed. Total pod numbers per plant increased linearly with mainstem node numbers and mainstem ***, total pod numbers per plant were greatest at 34/26 °C rather than at the control temperature of 30/22 °C(and remained high at 38/30 °C). Mild increases in temperatu

关键词： Elevated temperature Internode elongation Node number Pod yield Soybean phenology

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Insect Diapause： A Review

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2017年第7期7卷 454-473页

作者： Harsimran Kaur Gill Gaurav Goyal Gurminder Chahil Department of entomology University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA Technical Agronomist Monsanto St. Louis MO 63167 USA Agriculture Extension Coordinator Manitoba Agriculture Swan River MB ROL OZO Canada

Diapause is defined as a period of suspended development in insects and other invertebrates during unfavorable environmental conditions. Diapause is commonly confused with term ＂quiescence＂ as both are dormant development stages. Here this paper aimed to review the research work done on different aspects of diapause. Attempt was made to explain definitions of diapause, incidence, stages and termination of diapause, genetic control, factors affecting diapauses, including temperature, photoperiod, moisture and food, etc..

关键词： Diapause quiescence diapauses theory stages of diapauses genetic control biotic and abiotic factors insects.

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Suppressing tawny crazy ant (Nylanderia fulva) by RNAi technology

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 113-121页

作者： Jia Meng Jiaxin Lei Andrew Davitt Jocelyn RHolt Jian Huang Roger Gold Edward L Vargo Aaron MTarone Keyan Zhu-Salzman College of Plant Protection Fujian Agricultural and Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujianChina Department of entomology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA Institute for Plant Genomics&Biotechnology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA

A bstract The tawny crazy ant(Nylanderia fulva)is a new invasive pest in the United *** present,its management mainly relies on the use of synthetic insecticides,which are generally ineffective at producing lasting control of the pest,necessitating alternative environmentally friendly *** this study,we evaluated the feasibility of gene silencing to control this ant *** housekeeping genes encoding actin(NfActin),coatomer subunit β (NfCOPP),arginine kinase(NfArgK),and V-type proton ATPase subunits A(NfvATPaseA),B(NfvATPaseB)and E(NfvATPaseE)were *** analysis revealed high sequence similarity to homologs from other ant species,particularly the florida carpenter ant(Camponotus floridanus).To silence these genes,vector L4440 was used to generate six specific RNAi constructs for bacterial ***-inactivated,dsRNA-expressing Escherichia coli were incorporated into artificial *** ants exhibited reduced endogenous gene expression after feeding on such diet for 9 ***,only ingestion of dsRNAs of NfCOPfi(a gene involved in protein trafficking)and NfArgK(a cellular energy reserve regulatory gene in invertebrates)caused modest but significantly higher ant mortality than the *** results suggest that bacterially expressed dsRNA can be orally delivered to ant cells as a mean to target its *** efficacy is necessary for the RNAi-based approach to be useful in tawny crazy ant management.

关键词： artificial diet gene silencing housekeeping gene Nylanderia fulva RNAi survival rate

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Butterfly Diversity on a Southeast florida Military Base Located within an Urban Matrix

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Journal of Zoological Research 2020年第3期2卷 26-40页

作者： Sandy Koi Craig van der Heiden Conservation Associate EntomologyInstitute for Regional Conservation100 E.Linton Blvd.Suite 302BDelray BeachFlorida33483USA 5800 S.W.188 Avenue Southwest RanchesFL33332USA

South florida is a renowned‘hotspot’for rare and endemic taxa,with insects and plants found in few other *** species evolved in florida’s stochastic climate,adapting to seasonal drought and flooding,hurricanes and high-wind tropical *** human population growth and development increased,and natural ecosystems disappeared,or became increasingly degraded,at-risk taxa now face additional threats,such as urban pesticide use and fragmented remnant *** ability of species to adapt to these changing ecological factors is one of the dynamics that either impacts their fitness to greater survival or drives extirpation or *** are native indicator species that can be used to document environmental conditions affecting many other *** surveys were conducted over 16 months on an active military air reserve base located within a mosaic of densely populated urban,commercial,industrial,residential,and agricultural matrices in Homestead,southeast *** species richness,abundance and diversity were documented,providing valuable base-line data for on-going butterfly monitoring,and the importance of this site’s relatively healthy remnant ecosystems was evidenced by the supporting host plants for 20 migratory butterflies in 40 *** addition,the air reserve base acts as refugia for many rare,endangered,and threatened federal and state-listed plants as well.

关键词： Air Force Butterflies Habitat alteration Invertebrates Agriculture

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Evaluating Southern Appalachian Forest Dynamics without Eastern Hemlock: Consequences of Herbivory by the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第2期4卷 91-99页

作者： Andrew G. Birt Yu Zeng Maria D. Tchakerian Robert N. Coulson Charles W. Lafon David M. Cairns John Waldron Weimin Xi Szu-Hung Chen Douglas A. Street Department of Biological and Health Sciences Texas A&M University-Kingsville Kingsville USA Department of Environmental Studies University of West Florida Pensacola USA Department of Geography Texas A&M University College Station USA Knowledge Engineering laboratory Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station USA Southern Research Station US Forest Service Alexandria Forestry Center Pineville USA

Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis Carriére) and the Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelmann) are ecologically important tree species in eastern North America forests that are currently threatened by the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA, Adelges tsugae Annand, Hemiptera: Adelgidae). HWA has spread rapidly from its original introduction site into new areas. Once present, HWA kills its hosts over a period of 4 to 10 years leading to a phenomenon that is known scientifically and colloquially as hemlock decline. To date, quarantine, chemical management, and biocontrol efforts have failed to curb the spread of the HWA. As such, forest management efforts are now being redirected towards developing an understanding of the effects of hemlock removal on vegetation dynamics, changes in forest composition, and changes in ecosystem function. In this study, we parameterize a spatially explicit landscape simulation model LANDIS II for a specific forested region of the southern Appalachians. Parameterization involves defining the life-history attributes of 37 tree species occupying 11 ecological zones and is based on knowledge of: current vegetation composition data, recent historic management and fire regimes, and life-history traits of each species. The parameterized model is used to explore a simple scenario of catastrophic hemlock mortality likely to occur as a result of HWA herbivory. Our results emphasize that hemlock is an important foundation species. When hemlock is removed from the system, forest composition changes considerably with a greater presence of shade intolerant pine and oak species. Additionally, hemlock removal leads to a period of transient, relatively unstable vegetation dynamics as the forest communities restructure.

关键词： Hemlock Forest Dynamics LANDIS II Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Southern Appalachian

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