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Microscopic analysis on eukaryotic algae and cyanobacteria in nine seasonal lakes and ponds in Vestfjella,Dronning Maud Land,Antarctica

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第2期35卷 206-218页

作者： Lauri ARVOLA Matti LEPPÄRANTA LI Zhijun Lammi biological station University of HelsinkiLammi FI-16900Finland Department of Physics University of HelsinkiHelsinki FI-00014Finland State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China

Antarctic continental lakes and ponds are among the most impoverished aquatic environments on earth but many of them support flourishing populations of cyanobacteria,eukaryotic algae,protozoans,and some multicellular *** this study,we present results of a microscopic analysis of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae from nine diverse types of Antarctic continental water bodies during one austral *** results supplement and enlarge our previous studies on the limnological characteristics of the epiglacial and supraglacial lakes and ponds in Dronning Maud Land,an area that has received little attention from *** taxon with highest frequency among the samples(n=79)was Mesotaenium ***,a eukaryotic Zygnematophyceae,which occurred in 82%of the samples with a maximum cell density of 68 cells·mL^(-1).The taxa with second and third highest frequency were the prokaryotes Gloeocapsopsis(60%)and Leptolyngbya(41%),followed by Chlamydomonas(34%)and Cyanothece(29%).The number of taxa varied between 7-21 among the lakes and ponds,being highest in a supraglacial lake,and lowest in an epiglacial *** results did not reveal any obvious correlation between the abundance of any taxa and the water chemistry,but water bodies with inorganic sediments had higher cell densities and biomasses than those without *** suggests the importance of sediment in supporting biological diversity in these ultraoligotrophic lakes and ponds.

关键词： Antarctic continental lakes Antarctic continental ponds cyanobacteria algae protozoa rotifers tardigrada

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乌梁素海湖冰完整生消过程的数值模拟

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水科学进展 2024年第1期35卷 145-155页

作者：霍璞真卢鹏解飞王庆凯李志军 ARVOLA Lauri 大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室辽宁大连116024 Lammi biological station University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFI-16900Finland

为探究气候变暖背景下乌梁素海湖冰的冰厚、冰温和冰物候特征的变化,利用ERA5-Land和MERRA-2再分析数据作为大气强迫场,结合多源卫星遥感反演得到的初始模拟日期,通过一维高分辨率热力学雪冰(HIGHTSI)模型模拟了2015—2016年乌梁素海湖... 详细信息

为探究气候变暖背景下乌梁素海湖冰的冰厚、冰温和冰物候特征的变化,利用ERA5-Land和MERRA-2再分析数据作为大气强迫场,结合多源卫星遥感反演得到的初始模拟日期,通过一维高分辨率热力学雪冰(HIGHTSI)模型模拟了2015—2016年乌梁素海湖冰的完整生消过程。结果显示:①研究期内,最大冰厚达到41.7 cm,初冰日和终冰日分别为2015年11月21日和2016年3月25日,冰期为126 d。②对于水深较浅而冬季日照充足的乌梁素海,气温是影响冰厚的主要因素,太阳辐射次之,两者的昼夜周期循环显著影响冰层的厚度和温度;当冰面有雪覆盖时,积雪的低导热和高反照率会明显削弱气温和太阳辐射对冰层的影响。③即使缺失现场观测数据,采用气象数据和遥感反演的初始模拟日期仍能准确地表征现场真实冰雪的完整演变过程。该研究可为中纬度干旱区季节性冰封浅水湖冰的计算和湖冰生消的年际变化研究奠定基础。

关键词：湖冰完整生消过程再分析数据卫星遥感 HIGHTSI模型乌梁素海

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Unintended nutrient imbalance induced by wastewater effluent inputs to receiving water and its ecological consequences

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第11期16卷 273-275页

作者： Yindong Tong Xuejun Wang James J.Elser School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China flathead lake biological station University of MontanaPolsonMT 59860USA

Eutrophication is the most widespread water quality issue *** date,most efforts to control eutrophication have focused on reductions of external nutrient inputs,yet importance of nutrient stoichiometry and subsequent shift in plankton composition in aquatic ecosystem has been largely *** address eutrophication,improved sanitation is one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals,spurring the constructions of wastewater treatment facilities that have improved water quality in many lakes and ***,control measures are often targeted at and effective in removing a single nutrient from sewage and thus are less effective in removing the others,resulting in the changes of nutrient *** general,more effective phosphorus removal relative to nitrogen has occurred in wastewater treatment leading to substantial increases in N/P ratios in effluent relative to the ***,high N/P ratios in receiving waters can impose negative influences on ***,longterm strategies for domestic wastewater management should not merely focus on the total reduction of nutrient discharge but also consider their stoichiometric balances in receiving waters.

关键词： Nutrient stoichiometry Wastewater treatment Ecosystem functioning Water quality management

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Importance of periphytic biofilms for carbon cycling in paddy fields:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 36-43页

作者： Lei ZHOU Yonghong WU Junzhuo LIU Pengfei SUN Ying XU Jan DOLFING Robert GMSPENCER Erik JEPPESEN State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of ChinaYichang 443605China College of Nanjing University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 211135China Faculty of Energy and Environment Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18QHUK Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee FL 32306USA Department of Ecoscience&Centre for Water Technology(WATEC) Aarhus UniversityAarhus DK-8000Denmark Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research Beijing 100049China Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation(EKOSAM)Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkiye Institute of Marine Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityMersin 33731Turkiye

Paddy fields play an important role in global carbon(C) cycling and are an important source of methane(CH_(4)) emissions. Insights into the processes influencing the dynamics of soil organic C(SOC) in paddy fields are essential for maintaining global soil C stocks and mitigating climate change. Periphytic biofilms composed of microalgae, bacteria, and other microorganisms are ubiquitous in paddy fields, where they directly mediate the transfer of elements at the soil-water interface. However, their contributions to C turnover and exchange have been largely neglected. Periphytic biofilms affect and participate in soil C dynamics by altering both abiotic(e.g., pH and redox potential) and biotic conditions(e.g., microbial community composition and metabolism). This review summarizes the contributions of periphytic biofilms to soil C cycling processes, including carbon dioxide fixation, SOC mineralization, and CH_(4) emissions. Future research should be focused on: i) the mechanisms underlying periphytic biofilm-induced C fixation and turnover and ii) quantifying the contributions of periphytic biofilms to soil C uptake, stabilization, and sequestration in paddy fields.

关键词： carbon fixation carbon mineralization carbon sequestration methane emission microbial aggregates soil organic carbon

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Seedling light limitation does not increase across a natural productivity gradient

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第3期6卷 193-200页

作者： Emily Grman Department of Plant Biology and Kellogg biological station Michigan State UniversityKellogg Biological Station3700 E Gull Lake DrHickory CornersMI 49060

Aims a key idea in plant community ecology is that the identity of the limiting resource shifts from soil nutrients in low productivity sites to light in high productivity *** idea,and its implications for plant community structure,has been tested many times in artificial productivity gradients(fertilization studies),but whether it applies to natural productivity gradients is *** To test whether seedling light limitation would increase across a natural productivity gradient,I conducted a cross-site field experi-ment in southwest michigan,USA.A each of six old fields natu-rally varying in productivity,I exposed transplanted seedlings of big bluestem(Andropogon gerardii)to a light addition(tie-back)treat-ment that increased light availability and measured their biomass after one and two growing *** Findingsseedlings responded positively to the tie-back treatment,but positive responses did not increase across the natural productivity *** results suggest that although light does limit seedling establishment,the strength of light limitation does not depend on variation in productivity in natural ***,light limitation interacted with a variety of site differences to determine *** the general principle that light limitation increases with productivity is well established,these results indicate that it may not always occur in natural systems.

关键词： Andropogon gerardii big bluestem light limitation old fields productivity gradient.

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Genomics and introgression： Discovery and mapping of thousands of species-diagnostic SNPs using RAD sequencing

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 146-154页

作者： Brian K. HAND Tyler D. HETHER Ryan P. KOVACH Clint C. MUHLFELD Stephen J. AMISH Matthew C. BOYER Sean M. O'ROURKE Michael R. MILLER Winsor H. LOWE Paul A. HOHENLOHE Gordon LUIKART flathead lake biological station Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group University of Montana Poison MT 59860 USA Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 USA U. S. Geological Survey Northem Rocky Mountain Science Center Glacier National Park West Glacier Montana 59936 USA Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group Division of Biological Sciences The University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812USA Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks Kalispell Montana 59901 USA Department of Animal Science University of California Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA University of Montana Division of Biological Sciences Missoula Montana 59812 USA

Invasive hybridization and introgression pose a serious threat to the persistence of many native species. Understanding the effects of hybridization on native populations (e.g., fitness consequences) requires numerous species-diagnostic loci distributed genome-wide. Here we used RAD sequencing to discover thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are diagnostic between rainbow trout (RBT,Oncorhynchus mykiss), the world’s most widely introduced fish, and native westslope cutthroat trout (WCT,O. clarkii lewisi) in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. We advanced previous work that identified 4,914 species-diagnostic loci by using longer sequence reads (100 bpvs. 60 bp) and a larger set of individuals (n =84). We sequenced RAD libraries for individuals from diverse sampling sources, including native populations of WCT and hatchery broodstocks of WCT and RBT. We also took advantage of a newly released reference genome assembly for RBT to align our RAD loci. In total, we discovered 16,788 putatively diagnostic SNPs, 10,267 of which we mapped to anchored chromosome locations on the RBT genome. A small portion of previously discovered putative diagnostic loci (325 of 4,914) were no longer diagnostic (i.e., fixed between species) based on our wider survey of non-hybridized RBT and WCT individuals. Our study suggests that RAD loci mapped to a draft genome assembly could provide the marker density required to identify genes and chromosomal regions influencing selection in admixed populations of conservation concern and evolutionary interest.

关键词：单核苷酸多态性基因渗入基因组学诊断座 RAD 迹映射测序和数

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Increased Benthic Algal Primary Production in Response to the Invasive Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in a Productive Ecosystem,Oneida lake,New York

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1452-1466页

作者： Rebecca K.Cecala Christine M.Mayer Kimberly L.Schulz Edward L.Mills Biology Department Syracuse University Biology Deptartment Department of Environmental Sciences and lake Erie Center University of Toledo State University of New York School of Environmental Science and Forestry Cornell biological Field station and Department of Natural Resources Cornell University

Increased water clarity associated with zebra mussel （Dreissena polymorpha） populations may favor benthic algal primary production in freshwater systems previously dominated by pelagic phytoplankton production. While zebra mussel-mediated water clarity effects on benthic primary production have been implicated in published reports, few production estimates are available. This study estimates benthic primary production in Oneida lake, NY before and after zebra mussel invasion （1992）, using measured photosynthetic parameters （P^Bmax, α^β and β） from sampled benthic algal communities. In the summers of 2003 and 2004, primary production was measured as O2 evolution from algal communities on hard （cobble） and soft （sediment） substrate from several depths. We also backcast estimates of benthic primary production from measurements of light penetration since 1975. Estimates of whole-lake epipelic and epilithic algal primary production showed a significant （4%） increase and exhibited significantly less interannual variability subsequent to the establishment of zebra mussels. We applied our model to two lakes of differing trophic status; the model significantly overestimated benthic primary production in a hypereutrophic lake, but there was no significant difference between the actual and predicted primary production values in the oligotrophic lake. The hypereutrophic lake had higher zebra mussel densities than Oneida （224 vs. 41 per sample respectively）. Though total community respiration （measured in total darkness） was factored into our model predictions of production, our model may need modification when heterotrophic respiration is a large portion of total community metabolism.

关键词： Dreissena ecosystem engineering nonindigenous species Oneida lake periphyton primary production.

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Changes in the patterns of inorganic nitrogen and TN/TP ratio and the associated mechanism of biological regulation in the shallow lakes of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第Z1期49卷 126-134页

作者： WU Shikai XIE Ping WANG Songbo ZHOU Qiong Donghu Experimental station of lake Ecosystems State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of ChinaInstitute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of ChinaInstitute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of ChinaInstitute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of ChinaInstitute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China

The changes of NH3-N, NO3-N, NO2-N and TN/TP were studied during growth and non-growth season in 33 subtropical shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. There were significant positive correlations among all nutrient concentrations, and the correlations were better in growth season than in non-growth season. When TP＞0.1 mgL-1, NH3-N increased sharply in non-growth season with increasing TP, and NO3-N increased in growth season but decreased in non-growth season with TP. These might be attributed to lower dissolved oxygen and low temperature in non-growth season of the hypereutrophic lakes, since nitrification is more sensitive to dissolved oxygen and temperature than antinitrification. When 0.1 mgL-1＞TP＞0.035 mgL-1, TN and all kinds of inorganic nitrogen were lower in growth season than in non-growth season, and phytoplankton might be the vital regulating factor. When TP＜0.035 mgL-1, inorganic nitrogen concentrations were relatively low and NH3-N, NO2-N had significant correlations with phytoplankton, indicating that NH3-N and NO2-N might be limiting factors to phytoplankton. In addition, TN/TP went down with decline in TP concentration, and TN and inorganic nitrogen concentrations were obviously lower in growth season than in non-growth season, suggesting that decreasing nitrogen (especially NH3-N and NO3-N) was an important reason for the decreasing TN/TP in growth season. The ranges of TN/TP were closely related to trophic level in both growth and non-growth seasons, and it is apparent that in the eutrophic and hypertrophic state the TN/TP ratio was obviously lower in growth season than in non-growth season. The changes of the TN/TP ratio were closely correlated with trophic levels, and both declines of TN in the water column and TP release from the sediment were important factors for the decline of the TN/TP ratio in growth season.

关键词： nitrate-nitrogen, ammonium-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen, shallow lakes, phytoplankton.

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Bite me： Blue tails as a ＇risky-decoy＇ defense tactic for lizards

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Current Zoology 2014年第3期60卷 333-337页

作者： R W. BATEMAN R A. FLEMING B. ROLEK Department of Environment and Agriculture Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6845 Australia Archbold biological station Lake Placid E O Box 2057 Lake Placid FL 33862 USA School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch Perth WA 6150 Australia Department of Wildlife Biology University of Maine Orono ME 04469 USA

Many lizard species use caudal autotomy to escape entrapment. Conspicuous coloration may increase the likelihood of being attacked, but if that attack can be directed towards the autotomous tail this may ultimately increase the chances of the lizard surviving a predatory attack. We tested the hypothesis that brightly-colored tails function to divert predatory attention away from the head and body using pairs of blue-tailed and all-brown clay model lizards. Predatory bird attacks on the 24 blue-tailed models occurred sooner (P= 0.001) than attacks on the 24 all-brown models, and over 7 days blue-tailed models were attacked more often than all-brown models (P= 0.007). Blue-tailed models were, however, more frequently attacked on the tail than other parts of the body (P < 0.001), while all-brown models were more frequently attacked on the head and body (P= 0.019) which would be more likely to be fatal for a real lizard. Our results suggest that models with a blue tail were more conspicuous than all-brown models, attracting attacks sooner and more often, but that the attacks were predominantly directed at the tail. It is better for individuals to be attacked unsuccessfully many times, than successfully just once. Having a brightly-colored tail may, therefore, act as a ‘risky decoy’. Despite increased conspicuousness, a blue tail increases the likelihood that the lizard would be able to effect escape through caudal autotomy rather than being grabbed by the head or body.

关键词：尾巴蜥蜴蓝色诱饵风险战术土模型功能转移

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The root structures of 21 aquatic plants in a macrophyte-dominated lake in China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 39-46页

作者： Xiaolong Huang Ligong Wang Xin Guan Yuanyuan Gao Chunhua Liu Dan Yu Department of Ecology The National Field Station of the Freshwater Ecosystem of Liangzi LakeCollege of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Aims Aquatic plants play an important role in freshwater *** works have largely focused on the functional significance of plant above ground parts,with much less attention on the root structures of aquatic *** this study,we divided 21 aquatic plants(including five introduced plants)into multiple plant groups(different life forms,monocot/eudicot and introduced/native)with the goal of addressing two questions:(i)what root structures do aquatic plants exhibit,and(ii)are there differences among these plant groups?Methods Twenty-one aquatic plants belonging to four life forms(free-float-ing,emergent,floating-leaved and submerged)were collected at the near flowering stage from a typical macrophyte-dominated lake in the yangtze River Basin,*** following root topological parameters were quantified:altitude(a),path length(pe),magnitude(M),mean topological length(b),topological index(TI)and normed indices qa and *** Findings The root topological indices TI,qa and qb for the 21 aquatic plants were 0.724±0.013,0.290±0.031 and 0.152±0.024(means±S.E.),respectively,revealing a general pattern of dichotomous branching,except for the aquatic root of Myriophyllum aquati-cum(Vell.)Verdc.,which displays herringbone *** three topological indices were significantly lower for monocots(TI=0.700±0.130,qa=0.191±0.149 and qb=0.086±0.236)than eudicots(TI=0.752±0.206,qa=0.405±0.569 and qb=0.229±0.393),indicating that the roots of monocots are typi-cally more dichotomous-like than those of *** the four life forms,the three topological indices for emergent plants(TI=0.832±0.006,qa=0.616±0.018 and qb=0.381±0.014)were significantly higher than those of the other three life ***,there was no difference between the topological indices of introduced and native aquatic plants,but the introduced species *** and Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.)*** both aquatic and edaphic roots as well as unusual functions,which may help

关键词： aquatic plants biological invasion introduced species root structure topological index

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