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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 286-298页

作者： Du LUO Dingtian YANG South China Sea institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Pearl River Fisheries research institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhou 510380China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Salinity is recognized as a pivotal factor limiting the migration of freshwater fish to brackish *** largemouth bass(LMB,Micropterus salmoides),a globally translocated freshwater fish,exhibits estuarine distribution,yet its hyperosmoregulatory capacity during early ontogenetic stages remains inadequately *** investigate the impact of freshwater salinization,a series of experiments were conducted in Guangzhou and Foshan,*** reveal that freshwater-activated mature eggs and naturally fertilized oocytes maintained nearly identical osmotic homeostasis,with diameters of 1.38±0.07 mm and 1.37±0.05 mm,***,both exhibited peak water excretion at a salinity of ***,a reduction in water permeability was observed in hyperosmotic *** hatching rates increased from 27.5%±14.4%in the 1.0 group to 75.1%±12.0%in the 6.0 group under fluctuating temperature ***-sac LMB larvae consistently reduced survival time from 12.5 d at 1.0 to 50.7±2.1 min at salinity of ***,more developed larvae also experienced a decrease in survival *** regression models fitting lethal time with salinity indicated a sharp decrease between 10.0 and *** findings offer practical insights for predicting distribution patterns and enhancing aquaculture technology for ***,they may contribute theoretically to the broader understanding of the osmoregulatory mechanisms of freshwater fish.

关键词： osmotic homeostasis acute toxicity median lethal time hatching rate dose-response model

Decoupling the roles of grain boundary strength and grain size hidden in grain-level electro-chemo-mechanical failure of solid-state electrolyte

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 685-691页

作者： Ming Xu Xuyang Wang Zhengqian Jin Xingxing Jiao Ya Gao Zhongxiao Song Xieyu Xu Kai Xi Yangyang Liu School of Chemistry Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University research institute of Frontier Science Southwest Jiaotong University School of instrument Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University

Garnet lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide(Li7La3Zr2O12,LLZO) is a benchmark solid-state electrolyte（SSE） material receiving considerable attention owing to its high conductivity and chemical stability against Li *** its electro-chemo-mechanical failure mechanisms have been much investigated,the equivocal roles of grain boundary strength and grain size of LLZO remain under-explored,hindering further performance *** we decoupled the effects of grain size and grain boundary strength of polycrystalline LLZO via the combination of electrochemical kinetics and the cohesive zone *** discovered that the disintegration of LLZO is initiated by the accumulation of local displacements,which strongly relates to the changes in both grain size and grain boundary ***,variations in grain boundary strength affect the diffusion and propagation pathways of damage,while the failure of LLZO is determined by the grain *** LLZO grains facilitate transgranular damage under low grain boundary strength,which can alter local chemo-mechanics within the bulk of LLZO,leading to more extensive damage *** results showcase the structure optimization pathways by preferentially controlling the growth of lithium dendrites at grain boundaries and their penetration in garnet-type SSE.

关键词： Electro-chemo-mechanics Grain boundary Growth of lithium metal Solid-state electrolyte

General Automatic Solution Generation for Social Problems

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Machine Intelligence research 2025年第1期22卷 145-159页

作者： Tong Niu Haoyu Huang Yu Du Weihao Zhang Luping Shi Rong Zhao Center for Brain-Inspired Computing research(CBICR) Optical Memory National Engineering Research Centerand Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China IDG/McGovern institute for Brain research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China THU-CET HIK Joint research Center for Brain-Inspired Computing Beijing100084China

Given the escalating intricacy and multifaceted nature of contemporary social systems,manually generating solutions to address pertinent social issues has become a formidable *** response to this challenge,the rapid development of artificial intelligence has spurred the exploration of computational methodologies aimed at automatically generating ***,current methods for the auto-generation of solutions mainly concentrate on local social regulations that pertain to specific ***,we report an automatic social operating system(ASOS)designed for general social solution generation built upon agent-based models that enables both global and local analyses and regulations of social problems across spatial and temporal *** adopts a hypergraph with extensible social semantics for a comprehensive and structured representation of social *** also incorporates a generalized protocol for standardized hypergraph operations and a symbolic hybrid framework that delivers interpretable solutions,yielding a balance between regulatory efficacy and functional *** demonstrate the effectiveness of the ASOS,we apply it to the domain of averting extreme events within international oil futures *** generating a new trading role supplemented by new mechanisms,ASOS can adeptly discern precarious market conditions and make front-running interventions for nonprofit *** study demonstrated that ASOS provides an efficient and systematic approach for generating solutions for enhancing our society.

关键词： General automatic generation global-local regulation hypergraph social representation symbolic hybrid scheme generalized operation protocol

Large-Scale Environmental DNA Metabarcoding Shows a Comprehensive Fish Community in the East China Sea:Do Water Layer and Habitat Matter?

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2025年第1期24卷 217-228页

作者： WANG Xiaoyan ZHANG Haobo ZHONG Lanping SHIH Yijia JI Fenfen GAO Tianxiang National Engineering research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316004China Chinese Sturgeon research institute China Three Gorges CorporationYichang 443100China Fisheries College Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021China fishery College Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316004China

Biodiversity serves as the foundation for human survival and *** fishes play a crucial role in supporting both global biodiversity and food *** conventional methods for fish diversity and fishery resources survey are inadequate to meet the growing demand for large-scale and long-period *** eDNA metabarcoding approach provides an effective and noninvasive monitoring revolution,and has been applied to identify fish *** study conducted a comprehensive comparison of fish diversity in the East China Sea on a large scale both horizontally and *** results showed a total of 81 fish species,which were classified into 20 orders,44 families and 72 *** no statistically significant difference in fish diversity was found amongst the horizontal groups(east-middle-west,south-middle-north,and shallow-middle-deep)and the various sampling layers(surface-middle-bottom),discernible trends were obtained in this *** diversity results revealed the orders of east>middle>west,middle>north>south and deep>shallow>middle in horizontal ***,surface water exhibited a higher level of fish diversity than other water *** fish species were only detected at specific vertical *** diverse composition of fish species across different water layers can be attributed to their distinct ecological *** overall findings suggest that an increase of sampling stations and mixed samples should be collected in deeper water bodies for comprehensive understanding of fish *** study can also provide the fundamental data and experimental design reference for future studies and fishery management.

关键词： environmental DNA metabarcoding fish diversity spatial distribution East China Sea

Beyond Performance of Learning Control Subject to Uncertainties and Noise: A Frequency-Domain Approach Applied to Wafer Stages

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 198-214页

作者： Fazhi Song Ning Cui Shuaiqi Chen Kai Zhang Yang Liu Xinkai Chen Jiubin Tan IEEE the Center of Ultra-precision Optoelectronic instrument Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology the Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Intelligent instrumentation Ministry of Industry and Information Technology the State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of Technology the Center of Ultraprecision Optoelectronic instrument Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology the Key Laboratory of UltraPrecision Intelligent instrumentation Ministry of Industry and Information Technology the Department of Electronic and Information Systems Shibaura Institute of Technology

The increasingly stringent performance requirement in integrated circuit manufacturing, characterized by smaller feature sizes and higher productivity, necessitates the wafer stage executing a extreme motion with the accuracy in terms of nanometers. This demanding requirement witnesses a widespread application of iterative learning control(ILC), given the repetitive nature of wafer scanning. ILC enables substantial performance improvement by using past measurement data in combination with the system model knowledge. However, challenges arise in cases where the data is contaminated by the stochastic noise, or when the system model exhibits significant uncertainties, constraining the achievable performance. In response to this issue, an extended state observer(ESO) based adaptive ILC approach is proposed in the frequency *** being model-based, it utilizes only a rough system model and then compensates for the resulting model uncertainties using an ESO, thereby achieving high robustness against uncertainties with minimal modeling effort. Additionally, an adaptive learning law is developed to mitigate the limited performance in the presence of stochastic noise, yielding high convergence accuracy yet without compromising convergence speed. Simulation and experimental comparisons with existing model-based and data-driven inversion-based ILC validate the effectiveness as well as the superiority of the proposed method.

关键词： Extended state observer learning control model uncertainties motion control stochastic noise

A dopant-assisted iodide-adduct chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer based on VUV lamp photoionization for atmospheric low-molecular-weight organic acids analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 500-511页

作者： Yonglei Zhang Ruidong Liu Mei Li Yingzhe Guo Jichuang Kong Keyong Hou Environment research institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Formic and acetic acids are the most abundant gaseous organic acids and play the key role in the atmospheric *** iodine-adduct chemical ionizationmass spectrometry(CIMS),the low utilization efficiency of methyl iodide and humidity interference are two major issues of the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)lamp initiated CIMS for on-line gaseous formic and acetic acids *** this work,we present a new CIMS based on VUV lamp,and the ion-molecular reactor is separated into photoionization and chemical ionization zones by a reducer *** was added to the photoionization zone,and the VUV photoionization acetone provided low-energy electrons for methyl iodide to generate I−,and the addition of acetone reduced the amount of methyl iodide by 2/*** the chemical ionization zone,a headspace vial containing ultrapure water was added for humidity calibration,and the vial changes the sensitivity as a function of humidity from ambiguity to well linear correlation(R2>0.95).With humidity calibration,the CIMS can quantitatively measure formic and acetic acids in the humidity range of 0%-88%*** this mode,limits of detection of 10 and 50 pptv are obtained for formic and acetic acids,*** the relative standard deviation(RSD)of quantitation stability for 6 days were less than 10.5%.This CIMS was successfully used to determine the formic and acetic acids in the underground parking and ambient environment of the Shandong University campus(Qingdao,China).In addition,we developed a simple model based formic acid concentration to assess vehicular emissions.

关键词： Formic acid Acetic acid Vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)lamp photoionization(PI) Chemical ionization(CI) Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) Trace gases measurement

A dynamic control decision approach for fixed-wing aircraft games via hybrid action reinforcement learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第03期68卷 197-219页

作者： Xing ZHUANG Dongguang LI Hanyu LI Yue WANG Jihong ZHU Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Precision instrument Tsinghua University

Autonomous decision-making is crucial for aircraft to achieve quick victories in diverse scenarios. Based on a 6-degree-of-freedom aircraft model, this paper proposes a decoupled guidance and control theory for autonomous aircraft maneuvering, distinguishing between close and long-range engagements. We introduce a method for heading attitude control to enhance stability during close-range interactions and a speed-based adaptive grid model for precise waypoint control in mid-to-long-range engagements. The paper transforms dynamic aircraft interactions into a Markov decision process and presents a hybrid discrete and continuous action reinforcement learning approach. This unified learning framework offers enhanced generalization and learning speed for dynamic aircraft adversarial processes. Experimental results indicate that in a symmetric environment, our approach rapidly achieves Nash equilibrium, securing over a 10% advantage. In unmanned aerial aircraft game control with higher maneuverability, the probability of gaining a situational advantage increases by more than 40%. Compared to similar methods, our approach demonstrates superior effectiveness in decision optimization and adversarial success ***, we validate the algorithm's robustness and adaptability in an asymmetric environment, showcasing its promising application potential in collaborative control of aircraft clusters.

关键词： intelligent air combat unmanned aerial vehicle game dynamic control reinforcement learning

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Exaptation of pectoral fins for olfaction in the spiny red gurnard(Chelidonichthys spinosus)through an ancient receptor

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 582-585页

作者： Lisen Li Deqian Fan Chenglong Zhu Zhuoya Liu Wenji Huang Peidong Xin Huishan Yue Mengying Li Yufei Wang Wenjie Xu Jiangmin Zheng Ye Li Ziwei Yu Jianzhong Ling Qiang Qiu Wen Wang Chenguang Feng Xiaojing Song Kun Wang Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection School of Ecology and EnvironmentNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shanghai Fisheries research institute Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension StationShanghai 200433China East China Sea Fisheries research institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesShanghai 200090China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China

Dear Editor,Exaptation is defined as characters evolved for other usages(or for no function at all)and later“coopted”for their current role(Gould and Vrba,1982).Exaptation has occurred in many organisms,sometimes as an outcome of organ specialization for *** process is exemplified in the family Triglidae,commonly known as gurnards or sea robins.

关键词： pectoral olfaction

Genomic analysis of modern maize inbred lines reveals diversity and selective breeding effects

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 578-581页

Dear Editor,Maize(Zea mays L.)is one of the most widely cultivated crops worldwide(Ranum et al.,2014),accounting for about 37.2%of the global cereal crop *** production yield has increased over sevenfold since single-... 详细信息

关键词： breeding crops cultivated

Muti-Biomarker Approach and IBR Index to Evaluate the Oxidative Stress of Nanoplastic on the Clams,Meretrix meretrix and Sinonovacula constricta

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2025年第1期24卷 249-258页

作者： LV Linlan FENG Wanjun SUN Ke ZHAO Weihong JIANG Fengjuan MOHAMED Mohsen LI Lei YANG Yue ZHANG Yingying SUI Yanming DONG Xuexing Department of Ocean Technology Key Laboratory for Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool of Jiangsu ProvinceYancheng Institute of TechnologyYancheng 224000China Department of Animal Production Faculty of AgricultureAl-Azhar UniversityNasr CityCairo 11884Egypt CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266000China East China Sea Fisheries research institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesShanghai 20090China

Nanoplastic(NP)contaminants are receiving increasing attention due to the harm they can cause to aquatic organisms and their accumulation in the human body through the food *** goal of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress caused by NPs on the clams Meretrix meretrix and Sinonovacula *** were exposed to three concentrations of fluorescently labeled polystyrene NPs(PS-NPs;0,0.1,and 1 mg L^(-1))for 7 d followed by a 3 d recovery *** activities of antioxidant enzymes,such as catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GPx)and the content of malonaldehyde(MDA)were measured in the digestive gland,gills,and mantle *** showed that the SOD activity in the gills of *** was significantly higher than that of the control at day 1,and PS-NPs exposure inhibited the CAT activity in the gills and SOD and GPx activities in the *** to low or high concentrations of PS-NPs increased the activities of both CAT and GPx in the gills of *** at day *** oxidative damage was more severe in the digestive gland of *** and in the mantle of *** based on MDA level,and it returned to normal after *** biomarker response,index version 2(IBRv2)values showed that the gills were more sensitive to PS-NPs than mantle and digestive ***,the oxidative stress by PS-NPs depended on exposure time,dose,organ,and species.

关键词： biomarker antioxidant enzyme Meretrix meretrix Sinonovacula constricta nanoplastics oxidative stress