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Active disturbance rejection based load frequency control and voltage regulation in power systems

Control Theory and Technology 2018年第4期16卷 336-350页

作者： Lili DONG Anusree MANDALI Allen MORINEC Yang ZHAO Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Cleveland State University Cleveland OH 44115 U.S.A. Department of Transmission Substation Services at firstenergy corp 76 South Main Street A-Go-11 Akron OH 44308 U.S.A.

An active disturbance rejection controller （ADRC） is developed for load frequency control （LFC） and voltage regulation respectively in a power system. For LFC, the ADRC is constructed on a three-area interconnected power system. The control goal is to maintain the frequency at nominal value （60Hz in North America） and keep tie-line power flow at scheduled value. For voltage regulation, the ADRC is applied to a static var compensator （SVC） as a supplementary controller. It is utilized to maintain the voltages at nearby buses within the ANSI C84.1 limits （or ＋5% tolerance）. Particularly, an alternative ADRC with smaller controller gains than classic ADRC is originally designed on the SVC system. From power generation and transmission to its distribution, both voltage and frequency regulating systems are subject to large and small disturbances caused by sudden load changes, transmission faults, and equipment loss/malfunction etc. The simulation results and theoretical analyses demonstrate the effectiveness of the ADRCs in compensating the disturbances and achieving the control goals.

关键词： Active disturbance rejection control power systems load frequency control static var compensator voltageregulation disturbance system uncertainty

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Effect of Operational Changes in Reducing Fish Impingement at a Power Plant in Ohio, USA

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2015年第2期4卷 55-66页

作者： Paul Henry Patrick Elaine Mason Darlene Ager Scott Brown ARCADIS Canada Inc. (formerly ARCADIS SENES Canada Inc.) Richmond Hill L4B3N4 Ontario Canada Kinectrics North America Inc. Toronto M8Z5G5 Ontario Canada firstenergy corp. Akron 44308 Ohio USA

Both intake volumetric flow and through-screen velocity （the velocity of water as it passes through the screen） are important variables affecting fish impingement at industrial water intake structures including those at power plants. However, there are limited data available on quantitative assessments of impingement following changes in power plant operation such as reduced volumetric flow and intake velocity. Impingement studies were conducted at Bay Shore Power Plant in 2005-2006 （baseline） and again in 2013-2014 following fish protection mitigation which included reduced intake volumetric flows （from 33.5 m^3·s^-1 to 9.1 cm·s^-1）, a reduced through-screen velocity （from approximately 79.2 cm·s^-1 to 11.6 cm·s^-1）, modified traveling screens and installation of a fish-return system to gently and quickly remove any fish that were impinged back into the waterbody. A comparison of baseline and post-mitigation results suggested that with this mitigation in place, impingement reductions can exceed 90% for robust dominant fish species in the area.

关键词： Impingement fish protection cooling water intake structure flow and velocity reduction mitigation.

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