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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon C.Smith Jessica L.Williams department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

Mechanisms behind elevated serum levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2317-2318页

作者： Francesco Angelucci Jakub Hort Memory clinic Department of NeurologySecond Faculty of MedicineCharles University and Motol University HospitalPragueCzech Republic International clinical Research Centre St.Anne’s University HospitalBrnoCzech Republic

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration(FTLD)is a form of progressive dementia characterized by degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes of the *** pathology involves a series of cognitive,behavioral,and neurological ... 详细信息

关键词： degeneration elevated pathology

Laparoscopic liver resection for malignancy:A review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第37期20卷 13599-13606页

作者： Eyas Alkhalili Eren Berber department of general Surgery Cleveland Clinic

AIM: To review the published literature about laparoscopic liver resection for malignancy.

关键词： Laparoscopic liver resection Laparoscopy Laparoscopic liver surgery Hepatectomy Liver malignancy

Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

Future considerations in prosthetic urology

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第1期22卷 70-75页

作者： Landon Trost Mayo clinic Department of Urology200 First St SW RochesterMN 55905USA

Since their popularization,genitourinary prosthetics have remained a gold-standard therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and stress urinary incontinence and in cases of testicular loss or *** have also represented an area of significant innovation,which has contributed to excellent long-term *** this history,the objective of the current review was to provide a 5-10-year outlook on anticipated trends and developments in the field of genitourinary *** accomplish this objective,a PubMed and patent search was performed of topics relating to penile and testicular prostheses and urinary *** regard to penile prostheses,findings demonstrated several new concepts including temperature-sensitive alloys,automated pumps,devices designed specifically for neophalluses,and improved malleable *** artificial urinary sphincters,new concepts include the ability to add or remove fluid from an existing system,two-piece systems,and new mechanisms to occlude the *** testicular prosthetics,future implementations may not only better replicate the feel of a biological testicle but also add endocrinological *** device innovation,the future of prosthetics is also one of expanding geographic boundaries,which necessitates variable cost modeling and regulatory *** trends are also changing,with a greater emphasis on nonnarcotic,postoperative pain control,outpatient surgeries,and adjunctive techniques to lengthen the penis and address concomitant stress incontinence,among *** with device and surgical changes,future considerations also include a greater need for education and training,particularly given the rapid expansion of sexual medicine into developing nations.

关键词： erectile dysfunction penile induration penile prosthesis prostheses and implants stress urinary incontinence

Risk of progression of Barrett's esophagus in patients with cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第18期23卷 3287-3294页

作者： Tehilla Apfel Rocio Lopez Madhusudhan R Sanaka Prashanthi N Thota department of general Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic Foundation department of Biostatistics Cleveland Clinic Foundation department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease and Surgery InstituteCleveland Clinic Foundation

To study Barrett’s esophagus (BE) in cirrhosis and assess progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) compared to non-cirrhotic BE *** patients who were found to have endoscopic evidence of BE confirmed by the presence of intestinal metaplasia on histology from 1/1/2000 to 12/1/2015 at Cleveland clinic were included. Cirrhotic patients were matched 1:4 to BE controls without cirrhosis. Age, gender, race, BE length, hiatal hernia size, Child-Pugh (CP) class and histological findings were recorded. Cases and controls without high-grade dysplasia (HGD)/EAC and who had follow-up endoscopies were studied for incidence of dysplasia/EAC and to assess progression rates. Univariable conditional logistic regression was done to assess differences in baseline characteristics between the two *** total of 57 patients with cirrhosis and BE were matched with 228 controls (BE without cirrhosis). The prevalence of dysplasia in cirrhosis and controls were similar with 8.8% vs 12% with low grade dysplasia (LGD) and 12.3 % vs 19.7% with HGD or EAC (P = 0.1). In the incidence cohort of 44 patients with median follow-up time of 2.7 years [interquartile range 1.0, 4.8], there were 7 cases of LGD, 2 cases of HGD, and 2 cases of EAC. There were no differences in incidence rates of HGD/EAC in nondysplastic BE between cirrhotic cases and noncirrhotic controls (1.4 vs 1.1 per 100 person- years, P = 0.8). In LGD, cirrhotic patients were found to have higher rates of progression to HGD/EAC compared to control group though this did not reach statistical significance (13.7 vs 8.1 per 100 person- years, P = 0.51). A significant association was found between a higher CP class and neoplastic progression of BE in cirrhotic patients (HR =7.9, 95%CI: 2.0-30.9, P = 0.003).CONCLUSIONCirrhotics with worsening liver function are at increased risk of progression of BE. More frequent endoscopic surveillance might be warranted in such patients.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Barrett’s esophagus Dysplasia Esophageal neoplasm Progression

Lymphocytic esophagitis: Still an enigma a decade later

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第6期23卷 949-956页

作者： Carol Rouphael Ilyssa O Gordon Prashanthi N Thota department of general Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic Foundation department of Pathology Cleveland Clinic Foundation department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease and Surgery InstituteCleveland Clinic Foundation

Lymphocytic esophagitis (LE) is a clinicopathologic entity first described by Rubio et al in 2006. It is defined as peripapillary intraepithelial lymphocytosis with spongiosis and few or no granulocytes on esophageal biopsy. This definition is not widely accepted and the number of lymphocytes needed to make the diagnosis varied in different studies. Multiple studies have described potential clinical associations and risk factors for LE, such as old age, female gender and smoking history. This entity was reported in inflammatory bowel disease in the pediatric population but not in adults. Other associations include gastroesophageal reflux disease and primary esophageal motility disorders. The most common symptom is dysphagia, with a normal appearing esophagus on endoscopy, though esophageal rings, webs, nodularities, furrows and strictures have been described. Multiple treatment modalities have been used such as proton pump inhibitors and topical steroids. Esophageal dilation seems to be therapeutic when dysphagia is present along with esophageal narrowing secondary to webs, rings or strictures. The natural history of the disease remains unclear and needs to be better delineated. Overall, lymphocytic esophagitis seems to have a chronic and benign course, except for two cases of esophageal perforation in the literature, thought to be secondary to this entity.

关键词： Lymphocytic esophagitis intraepithelial lymphocytes spongiosis gastroesophageal reflux disease CD4 T-cells dysphagia inflammatory bowel disease esophageal rings proton pump inhibitors esophageal dilation

Holistic conditions after colon cancer:A randomized controlled trial of systematic holistic care vs primary care

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第12期15卷 2844-2854页

作者： Jing Wang Jian-Hong Qiao department of general Surgery Sunshine Union HospitalWeifang 261205Shandong ProvinceChina department of clinic The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital)Jinan 250014Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Study showed that systemic holistic care not only aids in disease treatment and physical recovery to a certain extent but also effectively enhances patient psychological well-being,social support,and overall quality of life(QoL).AIM To assess systematic holistic care impact on the recovery and well-being of postoperative patients with colon *** Our randomized controlled trial included 98 postoperative patients with colon cancer admitted to our hospital from June 2021 to June *** were divided into control and study *** control group received conventional postoperative nursing care,whereas the study group received systematic holistic nursing *** monitored gastrointestinal function recovery,and recorded changes in serum albumin(ALB),prealbumin(PA),psychological state,selfmanagement,self-efficacy,QoL,and the occurrence of complications in patients before,at discharge,and 2 wk *** analysis assessed correlations between psychological state,self-management,self-efficacy,and QoL of patients in the study group 2 wk *** Following the nursing intervention,we observed significantly shorter postoperative bowel sound recovery time,anal exhaust time,and defecation time in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).Patient ALB and PA levels,psychological status,self-management ability,self-efficacy and QoL at discharge and 2 wk post-discharge significantly improved,with greater improvements observed in the study group(P<0.05).Both groups experienced complications post-interventions,but the intervention group had significantly lower complication rate(3/49,6.12%)(P<0.05).In the study group,patient anxiety,depression,self-management and QoL scores at 2 wk post-discharge exhibited a significant negative correlation(3/49,6.12%)with QoL scores,with correlation coefficients of r=-0.273,-0.522,-0.344,and P<0.01,***,patient self-efficacy scores 2 wk postdischarge showed a positive co

关键词： Systemic holistic care Colon cancer Postoperative Randomized controlled Quality of life

Autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cirrhosis concurrent with biliary stricture after liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第7期21卷 2236-2241页

作者： Yong-Zhen Kang Xiao-Ye Sun Yi-He Liu Zhong-Yang Shen first Central clinic of Tianjin Medical University department of Organ Transplantation Tianjin First Center Hospital Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation

Although the development of de novo autoimmune liver disease after liver transplantation(LT)has been described in both children and adults,autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)-primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC)overlap syndrome has rarely been seen in liver transplant ***,we report a 50-year-old man who underwent LT for decompensated liver disease secondary to alcoholic *** liver function tests became markedly abnormal 8 years after *** autoimmune serological tests were positive for anti-nuclear and antimitochondrial antibodies,and a marked biochemical response was observed to a regimen consisting of prednisone and ursodeoxycholic acid added to maintain immunosuppressant *** biopsy showed moderate bile duct lesions and periportal lymphocytes infiltrating along with light fibrosis,which confirmed the diagnosis of AIH-PBC overlap *** believe that this may be a case of post-LT de novo AIH-PBC overlap syndrome;a novel type of autoimmune overlap syndrome.

关键词： Autoimmune liver disease Autoimmune hepatitis Prim