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Turbine Blade Boundary Layer Separation Suppression via Synthetic Jet: an Experimental and Numerical Study

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第5期21卷 404-412页

作者： Bernardini C. Carnevale M. Manna M. Martelli F. Simoni D. Zunino P. Università degli Studi di firenze Firenze Italy Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico Ⅱ Napoli Italy Università degli Studi di firenze FirenzeItaly Università degli Studi di Genova Genova Italy

The present paper focuses on the analysis of a synthetic jet device (with a zero net massflow rate) on a separated boundary layer. Separation has been obtained on a flat plate installed within a converging-diverging test section specifically designed to attain a local velocity distribution typical of a high-lift LPT blade. Both experimental and numerical investigations have been carried out. Unsteady RANS results have been compared with experiments in terms of time-averaged velocity and turbulence intensity distributions. Two different Reynolds number cases have been investigated, namely Re = 200,000 and Re = 70,000, which characterize low-pressure turbine operating conditions during take-off/landing and cruise. A range of synthetic jet aerodynamic parameters (Strouhal number and blowing ratio) has been tested in order to analyze the features of control-separated boundary layer interaction for the aforementioned Reynolds numbers.

关键词： Synthetic Jet Separated Flow Active Flow Control Unsteady Flow Ultra High Lift LPT.

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Multiplex gene expression profile in inflamed mucosa of patients with Crohn’s disease ileal localization: A pilot study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第17期7卷 2463-2476页

作者： Francesco Giudici Letizia Lombardelli Edda Russo Tiziana Cavalli Daniela Zambonin Federica Logiodice Ornela Kullolli Lamberto Giusti Tatiana Bargellini Marilena Fazi Livia Biancone Stefano Scaringi Ann Maria Clemente Eloisa Perissi Giovanni Delfino Maria G Torcia Ferdinando Ficari Francesco Tonelli Marie-Pierre Piccinni Cecilia Malentacchi Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FirenzeFirenze 50134Italy Dipartimento Chirurgico Ortopedico Ospedale Carlo Poma di MantovaFirenze 50134Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of FirenzeFirenze 50134Italy Surgical Unit Department of Surgery and Translational MedicineUniversity of FirenzeFirenze 50134Italy Department of Internal Medicine University of Roma Tor VergataRoma 00133Italy

BACKGROUND Crohn’s disease (CD) is a complex disorder resulting from the interaction of genetic,environmental,and microbial *** pathogenic process may potentially affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract,but a selective location in the terminal ileum was reported in 50% of *** To characterize clinical sub-phenotypes (colonic and/or ileal) within the same disease,in order to identify new therapeutic *** 14 consecutive patients undergoing surgery for ileal CD were recruited for this *** blood samples from each patient were collected and the main polymorphisms of the gene Card15/Nod2 (R702W,G908R,and 1007fs) were analyzed in each *** addition,tissue samples were taken from both the tract affected by CD and from the apparently healthy and disease-free margins (internal controls).We used a multiplex gene assay in specimens obtained from patients with ileal localization of CD to evaluate the simultaneous expression of 24 genes involved in the pathogenesis of the *** also processed surgery gut samples with routine light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques to evaluate their structural and ultrastructural *** We found a significant increase of Th17 (IL17A and IL17F,IL 23R and CCR6) and Th1 (IFN-γ) gene expression in inflamed mucosa compared to non-inflamed sites of 14 CD ***4 and HAMP,two genes coding for antimicrobial peptides,were also strongly activated in inflamed ileal mucosa,suggesting the overwhelming stimulation of epithelial cells by commensal ***-γ and CCR6 were more expressed in inflamed mucosa of CD patients with ileal localization compared with patients with colonic localization suggesting a more aggressive inflammation process in this *** analysis of the epithelial lining of Lieberkün crypts disclosed enhanced release activity from goblet mucocytes,whereas the lamina propria contained numerous cells pertaining to vari

关键词： Crohn's disease Ileum Colon Messenger ribonucleic acid Th1/Th17 Microbiota Inflammation

Cooling performance of earth-to-air heat exchangers applied to a poultry barn in semi-desert areas of south Iraq

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第3期11卷 47-53页

作者： Wasseem Morshed Lorenzo Leso Leonardo Conti Giuseppe Rossi Stefano Simonini Matteo Barbari Department of Agricultural Food and Forestry SystemsUniversity of FirenzeVia San Bonaventura13.50145 FirenzeItaly

Earth-to-air heat exchangers(EAHE)can reduce the energy consumption required for heating and cooling of *** composition and the thermal characteristics of the soil influence the heat exchange capacity,and the soil moisture can furthermore affect thermal performance of *** aim of this study was to compare the thermal performance of EAHE in dry and artificially wetted *** were carried out in the Basra Province(Iraq),in a semi-desert *** experimental EAHE were built in a poultry barn and tested from June 2013 to September *** pipe exchangers were buried at 2 m *** heat exchanger operated in dry soil(DE),while the other one operated in artificially wetted soil(WE).In the WE system,a drip tubing placed 10 cm above the air pipe wetted the soil around the *** temperatures at the inlet and at the outlet of both the exchangers as well as soil temperature at 2 m deep were continuously *** experimental results confirmed that wetting the soil around EAHE improves the general heat exchange *** coefficient of cooling performance(COP)of the earth-to-air heat exchangers system was evaluated on the basis of the ratio between the heat removed from the air or added to the air and the energy *** the day,with an average COP of 6.41,the WE system cooled the air more than the DE system,which reported a value of *** average,in the hottest hours of the day,the outlet temperature of the WE was 37.35℃ while in the DE it was 38.91℃.Moreover,during the nighttime,the WE system warmed the air more than the DE system.

关键词： Earth-to-air heat exchangers thermal performance cooling artificially wetted soil poultry barn heat stress

A mathematical model for the evolution of solute concentrations in a hemodialysis filter

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第1期11卷 337-348页

作者： A. Fasano G. Guarnieri A. Farina Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica "U. Dini" Universita degli Studi di firenze Firenze Italy

We consider the process of hemodialysis performed by means of a hollow fiber dialyzer with a special focus on the dynamics of the light solutes （including metabolic waste products） through the porous fibers membrane. The model we illustrate here completes the one formulated in a previous paper in which solutes concentrations in the dialyzate were neglected. Exploiting the large difference between the characteristic time of the processes in the machine and the relaxation time to equilibrium in the body, we confine our study to the case of constant input data in order to emphasize the role of the solute transport mechanisms. Numerical solutions show that diffusion is dominant at the early stage of filtration.

关键词： Hemodialysis solute concentration upscaling.

Cognitive ecology of pollinators and the main determinants of foraging plasticity

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 421-424页

作者： David Baracchi Dipartimento di Biologia Universita degli Studi di Firenze Via Madonna del Piano 6 Sesto Fiorentino Firenze 50019 Italy

Introduction The long-lasting coevolution between flowering plants and associate pollinators has made both partners intimately connected and reciprocally dependent on one another (Chittka and Thomson 2001;Harder and Barrett 2006;Waser and Oilerton 2006). The interaction between plants and pollinators rests mostly on a mutualistic exchange: plants invest in the production of nectar and pollen to reward pollinators who, in turn, sustain plant reproduction by vectoring their pollen to conspecific flowers (Harder and Barrett 2006;Waser and Oilerton 2006).

关键词： Cognitive ecology pollinators foraging

Targeting cannabidiol to specific areas of the brain: an ultrasound-based strategy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第12期15卷 2247-2248页

作者： Jacopo Junio Valerio Branca Donatello Carrino Alessandra Pacini Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FirenzeFlorenceItaly

Brain diseases,ranging from central nervous system(CNS)disorders to brain cancers,are some of the most prevalent pathologies in the *** the high incidence,many of these diseases lack successful treatments because of inadequate drug development in comparison to other therapeutic *** particular,even if many drugs have shown the potential to tackle some neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases and many other associated CNS pathologies.

关键词： diseases drugs Alzheimer

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Optimal Three Cylinder Inequality at the Boundary for Solutions to Parabolic Equations and Unique Continuation Properties

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2005年第2期21卷 351-380页

作者： SergioVESSELLA DiMaD viaLombroso6/1750134FirenzeItaly

Let Γ be a portion of a C^(1,α) boundary of an n-dimensional domain D. Letu be a solution to a second order parabolic equation in D x (-T, T) and assume that u = 0 on Γ x(-T, T), 0 ∈ Γ. We prove that u satisfies a three cylinder inequality near Γ x (—T, T). As aconsequence of the previous result we prove that if u(x,t) = O (|x|~k ) for every t ∈ (-T,T) andevery k ∈ N, then u is identically equal to zero.

关键词： unique continuation parabolic equations stability estimates

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Liquid biopsy in colorectal cancer:No longer young,but not yet old

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第15期28卷 1503-1507页

作者： Giandomenico Roviello Daniele Lavacchi Lorenzo Antonuzzo Martina Catalano Enrico Mini Department of Health Sciences Section of Clinical Pharmacology and OncologyUniversity of FlorenceFirenze 50139Italy Clinical Oncology Unit AOU CareggiFirenze 50134Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FirenzeFirenze 50134Italy School of Human Health Sciences University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent cancers and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths *** treatment strategy employed in CRC patients is becoming highly dependent on molecular characteristics present at diagnosis and during *** biopsy is an emerging field in the management of this cancer,and its relevance as a potential diagnostic,prognostic,monitoring,and therapeutic tool makes it a viable strategy in the clinical management of CRC *** biopsy also has certain limitations,but these limitations seem to be at the reach of near-future technological *** this letter,we focus on the clinical perspectives of liquid biopsy in CRC with particular regard to the various biomarkers recently identified that have been shown to be potentially useful in multiple aspects of early stage or metastatic CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Liquid biopsy Circulating tumor DNA Diagnosis Prognosis Targeted therapy

Association between resting energy expenditure, psychopathology and HPA-axis in eating disorders

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第7期2卷 257-264页

作者： Giovanni Castellini Walter Castellani Lorenzo Lelli Carolina Lo Sauro Carla Dini Lisa Lazzeretti Lorenza Bencini Edoardo Mannucci Valdo Ricca Department of Neuroscience PsychologyDrug Research and Child HealthUniversity of Florence50134 FirenzeItaly Department of Respiratory Physiopathology Palagi Hospital50134 FirenzeItaly Department of Health Science University of Florence50134 FirenzeItaly Nutrition Service University of Florence50134 FirenzeItaly Non Invasive Cardiology Department of Heart and VesselsUniversity of Florence50134 FirenzeItaly

AIM: To investigate the complex relationships between resting energy expenditure(REE), eating psychopathology, and Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal axis functioning in patients with eating disorders. METHODS: The study was designed as a crosssectional survey, and it was planned by the Clinic for Eating Disorders of the University of Florence(Italy). The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institution. Twenty two anorexia nervosa and twenty one Bulimia Nervosa patients were assessed by means of a clinical interview and the structured clini-cal interview for diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition. Eating attitudes and behaviour were specifically investigated by means of the eating disorder examination questionnaire(EDE-Q). Patients were also evaluated by means of the symptom checklist(SCL 90-R), REE was measured by means of indirect calorimetry, and blood cortisol morning levels were evaluated. RESULTS: Both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa patients showed a reduced REE as compared with predicted REE. Body mass index(BMI) was positively associated with resting energy expenditure in Bulimics, whereas a strong, negative association between BMI and REE was observed in Anorectics. The pattern of associations between variables supported a mediation model, where shape concern accounted for variations in REE and cortisol levels(mediator), and variations in the mediator significantly accounted for variations in REE. When these associations where taken into account together, the relationship between shape concern and REE was no longer significant, whereas the association between cortisol levels and REE retained its significance, showing strong evidence for a single, dominant mediator. Anorectics and Bulimics showed an opposite pattern of association between BMI and REE. In Anorectics only, a higher REE was associated with a more severe eating disorder specific psychopathology, and cortisol levels represent a possible mediating

关键词： Anorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosa Cortisol Psychopathology Resting energy expenditure