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Adjuvant effects of different TLR agonists on the induction of allergen-specific Th2 responses

Open Journal of Immunology 2012年第1期2卷 17-24页

作者： Matthias J. Duechs James E. Brunt Florian Gantner Klaus J. Erb Respiratory Diseases Research Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG Biberach an der Riss Germany

Currently different Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists are tested in humans for their ability to enhance the efficacy of specific immunotherapy (SIT). Recent clinical data suggest that this may be achieved by increasing allergen-specific Th1 responses. However, it is not clear which TLR agonist is best suited to be used in co.bination with SIT. We tested the ability of five TLR agonists, LTA, poly(I:C), LPS, R848, and CpG-ODN, activating TLR2, 3, 4, 7, and 9, to induce allergen-specific Th1 and suppress allergen-specific Th2 responses in a preclinical setting. Mice were immunized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA)/Al(OH)3 together with different doses (0.0025, 0.025, 0.25, and 2.5 mg/kg) of agonists followed by two OVA aerosol challenges. The results of these experiments showed, that the suppression of allergen-specific Th2 responses and the induction of Th1 responses dependedon the dose and the agonists used. All TLR agonists increased allergen-specific IgG2a, and with the exception of poly(I:C), reduced allergen-specific IgE levels in the serum. Allergic cutaneous anaphylaxis was also suppressed in mice when LPS or CpG was given together with OVA/alum. The strongest Th1 responses were induced by CpG and poly(I:C), characterized by the presence of IFN-g in the BAL and the highest OVA-specific IgG2a levels in the serum. This study suggests that the TLR9 agonist CpG-ODN and TLR4 agonist LPS have the strongest suppressive effects on the development of aller-gen-specific Th2 responses in mice and CpG-ODN induces the strongest allergen-specific Th1 responses. Therefore these two TLR agonists may be good candidates to co.bine with allergen in novel SIT formulations in humans.

关键词： Asthma TLR-Agonists Innate-Inflammation Inhibition

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Influences on Generation of White Etching Crack Networks in Rolling Bearings

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2016年第2期6卷 85-94页

作者： Joerg Loos Toni Blass Joerg Franke Wolfram Kruhoeffer Iris Bergmann Schaeffler Technologies AG & co. kg Herzogenaurach 91074 Germany SchaeJfler Technologies AG & co. kg Schweinfurt Germany

In rare cases rolling bearings fail by WEC （white etching crack） damage before reaching their calculated rating life, if so called additional loads are applied on the bearing in addition to the normal Hertzian stress （PHz）. A number of additional loads have been identified by means of tests with rolling bearings. These can be small direct currents as a result of electrostatic charge or large alternating currents from inverter-fed drives that unintentionally flow through the bearing. WEC damages can also be initiated by a pure mechanical additional load which is dependent on factors including the bearing kinematics but also on the dynamics of the drive train. The current state of knowledge on this subject is presented and taken as the basis for developing a hypothesis on the WEC damage mechanism. If load situations critical for WEC cannot be avoided, the risk of WEC can be co.siderably reduced by the selection of suitable materials and co.tings as well as, in some cases, of suitable lubricants.

关键词： Rolling bearing WEC (white etching crack) WSF (white structure flaking) hydrogen fatigue.

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Efficient Noninvasive FHB Estimation using RGB Images from a Novel Multiyear,Multirater Dataset

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 533-545页

作者： DominikRößle LukasPrey LudwigRamgraber AnjaHanemann DanielCremers Patrick OleNoack TorstenSchön AImotion Bavaria Technische Hochschule IngolstadtIngolstadtGermany Hochschule Weihenstephan-Triesdorf WeidenbachGermany Saatzucht Josef Breun gmbh and co.kg HerzogenaurachGermany Technical University of Munich MunichGermany

Fusarium head blight(FHB)is one of the most prevalent wheat diseases,causing substantial yield losses and health *** phenotyping of FHB is crucial for accelerating resistance breeding,but currently used methods are time-co.suming and *** present article suggests a noninvasive classification model for FHB severity estimation using red–green–blue(RGB)images,without requiring extensive *** model accepts images taken from co.sumer-grade,low-co.t RGB cameras and classifies the FHB severity into 6 ordinal *** addition,we introduce a novel dataset co.sisting of around 3,000 images from 3 different years(2020,2021,and 2022)and 2 FHB severity assessments per image from independent *** used a pretrained EfficientNet(size b0),redesigned as a regression *** results demonstrate that the interrater reliability(co.en’s kappa,κ)is substantially lower than the achieved individual network-to-rater results,e.g.,0.68 and 0.76 for the data captured in 2020,*** model shows a generalization effect when trained with data from multiple years and tested on data from an independent ***,using the images from 2020 and 2021 for training and 2022 for testing,we improved the F_(1)^(w) sco.e by 0.14,the accuracy by 0.11,κ by 0.12,and reduced the root mean squared error by 0.5 co.pared to the best network trained only on a single year’s *** proposed lightweight model and methods co.ld be deployed on mobile devices to automatically and objectively assess FHB severity with images from low-co.t RGB *** source co.e and the dataset are available at https://***/cvims/FHB_classification.

关键词： network co.suming breeding

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Experience and Challenge of European Medicines Registration in China

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World Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2019年第3期5卷 52-54页

作者： Karin Schleisiek Global Strategy and Business Development Division Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH & Co. KG

Thanks for the introduction. Good afternoon, ladies and gentleman and chairman. I would like to give you such a presentation of challenges, experiences of herbal medicine registration in China. My experiences are based on herbal medicines. I am responsible for the maintenance of herbal medicinal products. Additionally I am responsible for international regulatory framework. Also I have worked for other co.panies for 15 years. Working in an international environment means there are big and small challenges in our daily life. So do regulators and CPA.

关键词： European Medicines Registration China introduction

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Simulation of Reciprocating co.pressor Start-up and Shut-down under Loaded and Unloaded co.ditions

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第8期7卷 1578-1585页

作者： Vasillaq Kacani R & D - Department Leobersdorfer Masehinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG Suedbahnstrasse 28 LeobersdorfA-2544 Vienna Austria

During the start-up and shut-down phase of reciprocating co.pressors, the loads on all co.ponents of driven train system are very high. In this paper a method for calculating the forces on co.pling, e-motor, crank shaft as well other co.ponents of the system will be described. The modelling of the electrical induction motor, co.pling, crank shaft, damper as well as the co.pressor resistance torque are extremely important in simulating start-up and shut-down of reciprocating co.pressor. Furthermore the switching torque of the electrical motor and the instantaneous moment of inertia of the reciprocating co.pressor crank gear are important as well. The transient start-up and shut-down process under loaded and unloaded co.ditions is described using a non-linear differential equation for driven train system： E-motor--co.pling--flywheel--reciprocating co.pressor--damper. Shaft torsional moments on the drive train and especially on the co.pling, whether elastic or stiff, can then only be calculated using numerical simulation. This paper will describe some of the key elements in modelling, simulating and measurements of drive train start-up and shut-down carried out on already operational piston co.pressor units.

关键词： Torsional vibration start-up shut-down crankshaft stiffness co.pling loads torsional model.

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Development of an ultrathin liquid sheet target for laser ion acceleration at high repetition rates in the kilohertz range

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 134-145页

作者： M.Füle A.P.Kovács T.Gilinger M.Karnok P.Gaál S.Figul G.Marowsky K.Osvay National Laser-Initiated Transmutation Laboratory University of SzegedSzegedHungary Department of Experimental Physics University of SzegedSzegedHungary ELI ALPS ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd.SzegedHungary Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics University of SzegedSzegedHungary Advanced Microfluidic Systems gmbh GöttingenGermany

A co.liding microjet liquid sheet target system was developed and tested for pairs of round nozzles of 10,11 and 18μm in *** sheet's position stability was found to be better than a few *** interaction with 50 mJ laser pulses,the 18μm jet has a resonance amplitude of 16μm at a repetition rate of 33 Hz,while towards 100 Hz it co.verges to 10μm for all nozzles.A white-light interferometric system was developed to measure the liquid sheet thickness in the target chamber both in air and in vacuum,with a measurement range of 182 nm±1μm and an accuracy of±3%.The overall shape and 3D shape of the sheet follow the Hasson±Peck model in *** vacuum versus air,the sheet gradually loses 10%of its thickness,so the thinnest sheet achieved was below 200 nm at a vacuum level of 10±4mbar,and remained stable for several hours of operation.

关键词： diagnostics laser ion acceleration nanometric liquid sheet targets vacuum test

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La2Zr2O7 and MgO co.doped co.posite Li-Garnet solid electrolyte

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 132-136,I0005页

作者： Jiu Lin Linbin Wu Zhen Huang Xiaoxiong Xu Jiheng Liu Zhejiang Funlithium New Energy Technology co. Ltd.

Various solid electrolytes,such as sulfides(10^-3-10^-2 S cm^-1)and oxides(10^-4–10^-3 S cm^-1)are explored and developed to solve the safety problems in co.mercial Li-ion batteries using liquid flammable *** Li anod... 详细信息

关键词： Li-Garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 co.posite electrolyte High co.ductivity La2Zr2O7 MgO

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Microstructure and physical properties of steel-ladle purging plug refractory materials

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第2期24卷 186-193页

作者： Bin Long Gui-ying Xu Buhr Andreas School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Almatis Qingdao co. Ltd. Qingdao 266071 China Almatis gmbh Frankfurt 60528 Germany

Three different castables were prepared as steel-ladle purging-plug refractory materials： co.undum-based low-cement castable （C-LCC）, co.undum-spinel-based low-cement castable （C-S-LCC）, and no-cement co.undum-spinel castable （C-S-NCC）（hydratable alu- mina p-A1203 bonded）. The properties of these castables were characterized with regard to water demand/flow ability, co.d crushing strength （CCS）, co.d modulus of rupture （CMoR）, permanent linear change （PLC）, apparent porosity, and hot modulus of rupture （HMoR）. The re- sults show the CCS/CMoR and HMoR of C-LCC and C-S-LCC are greater than those of the castable C-S-NCC. Acco.ding to the micro- structure analysis, the sintering effect and the bonding type of the matrix material differ among the three castables. The calcium hexaluminate （CA6） phase in the matrix of C-LCC enhances the co.d and hot mechanical strengths. In the case of C-S-LCC, the CA6 and 2CaO·2MgO·14A12O3（C2MEA14） ternary phases generated from the matrix can greatly increase the co.d and hot mechanical strengths. In the case of the no-cement castable, sintering beco.es difficult, resulting in a lower mechanical strength.

关键词： refractory materials purging plugs castable physical properties microstructure

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Fracture behavior and microstructure analysis of Al2O3–MgO–CaO castables for steel-ladle purging plugs

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第11期23卷 1333-1339页

作者： Bin Long Gui-ying Xu Yong Li Andreas Buhr School of Materials Science and Engineering University Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Almatis Qingdao co. Ltd. Qingdao 266071 China Almatis gmbh Frankfurt 60528 Germany

Three different castables based on the Al_2O_3–MgO –CaO system were prepared as steel-ladle purging plug refractories： co.undum-based low-cement castable（C-LCC）, co.undum-spinel-based low-cement castable（C-S-LCC）, and co.undum-spinel no-cement castable（C-S-NCC）（hydratable alumina（ρ-Al_2O_3） bonded）. The fracture behavior at room temperature was tested by the method of ＂wedge-splitting＂ on samples pre-fired at different temperatures; the specific fracture energy G′f and notched tensile strength σNT were obtained from these tests. In addition, the Young＇s modulus E was measured by the method of resonance frequency of damping analysis（RFDA）. The thermal stress resistance parameter R′′′′ calculated using the values of G′f, σNT, and E was used to evaluate the thermal shock resistance of the materials. Acco.ding to the microstructure analysis results, the sintering effect and the bonding type of the matrix material were different among these three castables, which explains their different fracture behaviors.

关键词： castables alumina magnesia co.per oxide fracture behavior microstructure thermal shock resistance

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The Values ＆ Benefits of Umico.e＇s Process Excellence Model

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贵金属 2012年第A1期33卷 288-293页

作者： LEYRER Jurgen JANTZEN Sven Umico.e AG & co. kg Rodenbacher Chaussee 4 P.O. Box 1351 63403 Hanau Germany.

We will highlight the values Umico.e's unique Process Excellence Model is based upon and how these do co.relate with the overall culture of Umico.e. Besides, we are going to explain about the benefits for the target industries that co.e along with our approach. Here, we will not mainly focus on the usually mentioned co.t saving potential, but how also other aspects do create substantial value for the industries.

关键词： material manufacturing platinum group metals special glass catalyst gauzes process excellence

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