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MHD Equilibrium with Reversed Current Density and Magnetic Islands Revisited:the Vacuum Vector Potential Calculus

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第10期15卷 985-988页

作者： F.L.BRAGA Gleb-Wataghin Physics institute Applied Physics DepartmentState University of Campinas federal institute of Science and Technology of espirito santo

The solution of Grad-Shafranov equation determines the stationary behavior of fusion plasma inside a tokamak. To solve the equation it is necessary to know the toroidal current density profile. Recent works show that it is possible to determine a magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） equilibrium with reversed current density （RCD） profiles that presents magnetic islands. In this work we show analytical MHD equilibrium with a RCD profile and analyze the structure of the vacuum vector potential associated with these equilibria using the virtual casing principle.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamics vacuum vector potential reversed current density magnetic islands

Fluid dynamics analysis and pyrolysis of brewer’s spent grain in a spouted bed reactor

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 199-207页

作者： Marcos A.S. Barrozo Lidja D.M.S. Borel Taísa S. Lira Carlos H. Ataíde School of Chemical Engineering Federal University of UberlandiaBrazil Department of Engineering and Technologies Federal University of Espirito SantoBrazil

Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is a large-scale agroindustrial waste that could be more efficiently utilized. This waste is composed of lignocellulosic material and so may serve as a good source of biomass for thermochemical conversion. The present study investigated the fluid dynamics behavior of mixtures of sand and BSG in a spouted bed to assess the viability of the thermochemical conversion of this biomass via fast pyrolysis. Fluid dynamics analyses were performed while varying the mass fraction of BSG (6–80%) and the static bed height (6.6–13.4 cm). Empirical equations for predicting the minimum spouting conditions and the mixing index were obtained using a regression technique, and the selected fluid dynamics parameters were employed in the spouted bed pyrolysis. The bio-oil resulting from this process was rich in phenolic compounds, various nitrogenated compounds (representing precursors for pharmaceuticals) and long-chain hydrocarbons. The products obtained from the analytical and spouted bed pyrolysis processes were also compared.

关键词： Brewer’s spent grain Agroindustrial residue Spouted bed Fast pyrolysis Particle mixing

Settlement predictions of footings on sands using probabilisticanalysis

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2016年第2期8卷 198-203页

作者： felipe carvalho bungenstab kátia vanessa bicalho federal university of espirito santo VitóriaBrazil

The design of footings on sands is often controlled by settlement rather than bearing ***,settlement predictions are essential in the design of shallow ***,predicted settlements of footings are highly dependent on the chosen elastic modulus and the used *** paper presents the use of probabilistic analysis to evaluate the variability of predicted settlements of footings on sands,focusing on the load curve(predicted settlements)*** methodologies,the first-and second-order second-moment(FOSM and SOSM),and Monte Carlo simulation(MCS),for calculating the mean and variance of the estimated settlements through Schmertmann(1970)’s equation,are presented and *** soil beneath the footing is treated as an uncorrelated layered material,so the total settlement and variance are found by adding up the increments of the *** deformability modulus(ESi)is considered as the only independent random *** an example of application,a hypothetical case of a typical subsoil in the state of espirito santo,southeast of Brazil,is *** results indicate that there is a significant similarity between the SOSM and MCS methods,while the FOSM method underestimates the results due to the non-consideration of the high-order terms in Taylor’s *** contribution of the knowledge of the uncertainties in settlement prediction can provide a safer design.

关键词： Footings Settlements Probabilities Deformability modulus

Ecophysiological acclimatization to cyclic water stress in Eucalyptus

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 797-806页

作者： Rogerio de Souza Noia Junior Genilda Canuto Amaral Jose Eduardo Macedo Pezzopane Mariana Duarte Silva Fonseca Ana Paula Camara da Silva Talita Miranda Teixeira Xavier Department of Biosystems Engineering ESALQ University of Sao PauloPiracicabaSao PauloBrazil Department of Forestry Sciences NEDTEC Federal University of Espirito SantoJero nimo MonteiroEspirito SantoBrazil

Drought is considered the main environmental factor limiting productivity in eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. However, recent studies have reported that exposure to water deficit conditions enables plants to respond to subsequent stresses. Thus, this study investigates the ecophysiological acclimatization of eucalyptus clones submitted to recurrent water deficit cycles. Eucalyptus seedlings were submitted to three recurrent water deficit cycles and anatomical, morphological and physiological changes were analyzed. The results were:(1) Eucalyptus seedlings responded to water deficits by directing carbohydrates to root and stem growth;(2) Size and number of stomata were reduced;(3) Stomatal conductance decreased which allowed the plants to reduce water losses through transpiration,increasing instantaneous water use efficiency;(4) The relationship between gas exchanges and available water contents allowed the seedlings to uptake the retained soil water athigher tensions;and,(5) Physiological recovery from subsequent water deficits became faster. As a result of these changes, the eucalyptus seedlings recovered from the same degree of water stress more rapidly.

关键词： Carbon partition Drought Gas exchange Morpho-physiological changes Photosynthetic apparatus

Evaluation of Weather Research and Forecasting Model Parameterizations under Sea-Breeze Conditions in a North Sea Coastal Environment

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第6期30卷 998-1018页

作者： SALVADOR Nadir REIS Jr. Neyval Costa santoS Jane Meri ALBUQUERQUE Taciana Toledo de Almeida LORIATO Ayres Geraldo DELBARRE Herve AUGUSTIN Patrick SOKOLOV Anton MOREIRA Davidson Martins federal University of espirito santo Vitoria Espirito Santo Brazil federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil Universite Lille Nord de France Lille France Integrated Center for Manufacturing and Technology Salvador Bahia Brazil

Three atmospheric boundary layer （ABL） schemes and two land surface models that are used in the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model, version 3.4.1, were evaluated with numerical simulations by using data from the north coast of France （Dunkerque）. The ABL schemes YSU （Yonsei University）, ACM2 （Asymmetric Convective Model version 2）, and MYJ （Mellor-Yamada-Janjic） were combined with two land surface models, Noah and RUC （Rapid Update Cycle）, in order to determine the performances under sea-breeze conditions. Particular attention is given in the determination of the thermal internal boundary layer （TIBL）, which is very important in air pollution scenarios. The other physics parameterizations used in the model were consistent for all simulations. The predictions of the sea-breeze dynamics output from the WRF model were compared with observations taken from sonic detection and ranging, light detection and ranging systems and a meteorological surface station to verify that the model had reasonable accuracy in predicting the behavior of local circulations. The temporal comparisons of the vertical and horizontal wind speeds and wind directions predicted by the WRF model showed that all runs detected the passage of the sea-breeze front. However, except for the combination of MYJ and Noah, all runs had a time delay compared with the frontal passage measured by the instruments. The proposed study shows that the synoptic wind attenuated the intensity and penetration of the sea breeze. This provided changes in the vertical mixing in a short period of time and on soil temperature that could not be detected by the WRF model simulations with the computational grid used. Additionally, among the tested schemes, the combination of the local- closure MYJ scheme with the land surface Noah scheme was able to produce the most accurate ABL height compared with observations, and it was also able to capture the TIBL.

关键词： sea-breeze detection WRF model parameterizations

Molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotection of environmental enrichment in Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1450-1456页

作者： Tamara Andrea Alarcón Sarah Martins Presti-Silva Ana Paula Toniato Simões Fabiola Mara Ribeiro Rita Gomes Wanderley Pires Department of Physiological Sciences Health Science CenterUniversidade Federal do Espirito SantoVitoriaBrazil Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neurobiology Health Science CenterUniversidade Federal do Espirito SantoVitoriaBrazil Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Institute o Biological SciencesUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisAvenida Antônio CarlosBelo HorizonteBrazil

Parkinson’s disease is the most common movement disorder,affecting about 1%of the population over the age of 60 ***’s disease is characterized clinically by resting tremor,bradykinesia,rigidity and postural instability,as a result of the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic *** addition to this neuronal cell loss,Parkinson’s disease is characterized by the accumulation of intracellular protein aggregates,Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites,composed primarily of the proteinα-*** it was first described almost 200 years ago,there are no disease-modifying drugs to treat patients with Parkinson’s *** addition to conventional therapies,non-pharmacological treatment strategies are under investigation in patients and animal models of neurodegenerative *** such strategies,environmental enrichment,comprising physical exercise,cognitive stimulus,and social interactions,has been assessed in preclinical models of Parkinson’s *** enrichment can cause structural and functional changes in the brain and promote neurogenesis and dendritic growth by modifying gene expression,enhancing the expression of neurotrophic factors and modulating *** this review article,we focus on the current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying environmental enrichment neuroprotection in Parkinson’s disease,highlighting its influence on the dopaminergic,cholinergic,glutamatergic and GABAergic systems,as well as the involvement of neurotrophic *** describe experimental pre-clinical data showing how environmental enrichment can act as a modulator in a neurochemical and behavioral context in different animal models of Parkinson’s disease,highlighting the potential of environmental enrichment as an additional strategy in the management and prevention of this complex disease.

关键词： acetylcholine brain-derived neurotrophic factor dopamine environment enrichment gamma-aminobutyric acid glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor glutamate molecular mechanisms Parkinson’s disease

Substituent effects on novel lanthanide(Ⅲ) hydrazides complexes

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第6期38卷 642-648页

作者： Samira G.Brandao Marcos A.Ribeiro Rafael V.Perrella Paulo C.de Sousa Filho Priscilla P.Luz Department of Chemistry Federal University of Espirito Santo29075-910VitoriaESBrazil institute of Chemistry University of CampinasPO Box 615413083-970CampinasSPBrazil

New lanthanide(Eu3+ and Gd3+) complexes were successfully synthesized and the effect of the p-phe nyl substituent on the Eu3+luminescent properties was *** this sense,benzhydrazide,p-toluic hydrazide,4-hydroxybenzhydrazide and 4-aminobenzoic hydrazide were used as ligands and the complexes were obtained by mixing the lanthanide salts with hydrazides in ethanol at room temperature and keeping the reaction for 2 h under mechanical *** of Gd-amino was obtained and its structure was elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,revealing that Gd3+centered in a distorted tricapped trigonal-prismatic molecular *** spectroscopy and the elucidated structure confirm hydrazides acting as bidentate ligands binding to Ln3+ions through the oxygen of carbonyl group and the nitrogen of terminal amine,forming a five-membered ring,CHN analyses confirm the molecular formulas [Gd(amino)4(H2 O)](NO3)3·(C2 H5 OH) and [Eu(toluic)3(H2 O)3](NO3)*** T1 state energies are observed for ligands p-substituted with higher electron donating capacity groups,such as p-NH2 and *** contrast,higher lifetimes and quantum efficiencies are obtained for Eu3+complexes with ligands p-H and p-CH3 substituted,which are not deactivator groups.

关键词： Lanthanide Hydrazide Substituent effect Photoluminescence Europium Gadolinium

Calibration and validation of FAO-AquaCrop model to estimate the total biomass and yacon root yield

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第3期13卷 123-128页

作者： Ramon Amaro de Sales Alexandre Cândido Xavier Evandro Chaves de Oliveira Fábio Luiz de Oliveira Diego Mathias Natal da Silva Sávio da Silva Berilli Departament of Plant Science Federal University of ViçosaMinas GeraisBrazil Center of Agrarian Sciences and Engineering Federal University of Espirito SantoEspírito SantoBrazil federal institute of Education Science and Technology of Espírito Santo-Campus ItapinaEspírito SantoBrazil federal institute of Education Science and Technology of Southeast Minas Gerais-Campus ManhuaçuMinas GeraisBrazil

Due to the current water scarcity in the world,it is extremely important to improve the use of this natural and exhaustible resource in agriculture,by contributing to increase agricultural production and *** models of crop growth simulation were developed to predict the edaphoclimatic effects on crop *** models are calibrated and validated for a given region using the data generated from field ***,the objective of this study was to calibrate and validate the FAO AquaCrop model for yacon(Smallanthus sonchifolius)crop in a tropical *** experiment was conducted in an experimental area located in the municipality of Ibatiba,state of Espírito santo(Brazil)during the years of 2013 and *** calibration was done using the Autumn planting and validation with the Winter and Spring *** the statistical analysis,the coefficient of determination,Willmott concordance index,bias for the systematic error,root mean square error and the mean absolute error to test the model performance were *** general,the FAO AquaCrop model predicted the root yield,total biomass and harvest index with acceptable accuracy,and with deviations of less than 6%for total and root *** planting of yacon showed a reduction in yield as well as total biomass.

关键词： Smallanthus sonchifolius root yield simulation modelling agrometeorology

Evaluation of physicochemical properties as supporting information on quality control of raw materials and veterinary pharmaceutical formulations

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第3期8卷 168-175页

作者： Sara da Silva Anacleto Marcella Matos Cordeiro Borges Hanna Leijoto de Oliveira Andressa Reis Vicente Eduardo Costa de Figueiredo Marcone Augusto Leal de Oliveira Barbara Juliana Pinheiro Borges Marcelo Antonio de Oliveira Warley de Souza Borges Keyller Bastos Borges Departamento de Ciencias Naturals Universidade Federal de Sao Joao del-Rei Campus Dom Bosco Praca Dora Helvecio 74 Fabricas 36301-160 Sao Joao del-Rei Minas Gerais Brazil Departamento de Quimica Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo Avenida Fernando Ferrari 514 Goiabeiras 29075-910 Vitdria Espirito Santo Brazil Laboratorio de Analise de Toxicantes e Farmacos Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas Universidade Federal de Alfenas Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700 Centro 37130-000 Alfenas Minas Gerais Brazil Departamento de Quimica Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Rua Jose Lourenco Kelmer s/n 36036-330 Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil Centro de Ciencias da Saude Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo Avenida Marechal Campos 1468 Maruipe 29.043-900 Vitori Espirito Santo Brazil Centro Universitario Norte do espirito santo Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo Br 101 Norte Km 67 Sao Mateus Espirito Santo Brazil

This study aimed to show that the physicochemical proprieties obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, thermogravimetry （TG）, and scanning electronic microscopy （SEM） can be useful tools for evaluating the quality of active pharmaceutical ingredients （APIs） and pharmaceutical products. In addition, a simple, sensitive, and efficient method employing HPLC-DAD was developed for simulta- neous determination of lidocaine （LID）, ciprofloxacin （CFX） and enrofloxacin （EFX） in raw materials and in veterinary pharmaceutical formulations. Compounds were separated using a Gemini Cm （250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm） Phenomenex column, at a temperature of 25℃, with a mobile phase containing 10 mM of phosphoric acid （pH 3.29）： acetonitrile （85.7：14.3, v/v） and a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. Physicochemical characterization by TG, FTIR, and SEM of raw materials of LID, CFX, and EFX provided information useful for the evaluation, differentiation, and qualification of raw materials. Finally, the HPLC method was proved to be useful for evaluation of raw material and finished products, besides satisfying the need for an analytical method that allows simultaneous determination of EFX, CFX, and LID, which can also be extended to other matrices and applications.

关键词： HPLC Physicochemical characterization Quality control Veterinary pharmaceutical formulation Raw material