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A short climatology of black and brown carbon and their sources at a suburban site impacted by smoke in Brazil

Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 498-511页

作者： Admir Creso Targino Patricia Krecl Gabriel Yoshikazu Oukawa Eva Maria Mollinedo Graduate Program in environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil Department of environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil

Emissions from biomass burning challenge efforts to curb air pollution in cities downwind of fire-prone regions,as they contribute large amounts of brown carbon(Br C)and black carbon(BC)*** investigated the patterns of Br C and BC concentrations using Aethalometer data(atλ=370 and 880 nm,respectively)spanning four years at a site impacted by the outflow of *** data required to be post processed for the shadowing effect since,without correction,concentrations would be between 29%and 35%*** Br C concentrations were consistently higher than the BC concentrations,indicating the prevalence of aerosols from biomass *** results were supported by the Angstrom coefficient(A_(370/880)),with values predominantly larger than 1(mean±standard deviation:1.25±0.31).A_(370/880)values below 1 were more prevalent during the wet season,which suggests a contribution from fossil fuel *** observed sharp Br C and BC seasonal signals,with mean minimum concentrations of 0.40μg/m^(3)and 0.36μg/m^(3),respectively,in the wet season,and mean maximum concentrations of 2.05μg/m^(3)and 1.53μg/m^(3)in the dry *** largest concentrations were observed when northerly air masses moved over regions with a high density of fire *** burning of residential solid waste and industrial combustion caused extreme Br C and BC concentrations under favourable wind *** neither pollutant is included in any ambient air quality standards,our results suggest that transboundary smoke may hamper efforts to meet the World Health Organization guidelines for fine particles.

关键词： Light-absorbing carbonaceous matter Black carbon Wildfires Biomass burning Aethalometer

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Core-shell design of UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4) configured with EDTA-assisted washing for rapid adsorption and simple recovery of heavy metal pollutants from soil

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 556-568页

作者： Xi Wang Asif Hussain Qingqing Li Mingyu Ma Juan Wu Mingqiang Deng Jie Yang Dengxin Li Department of environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Department of environmental Science Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and Technology75300 KarachiPakistan Shanghai Academy of environmental Sciences Shanghai 200233China

The coupling of washing with adsorption process can be adopted for the treatment of soils contaminated with heavy metals ***,the complex environment of soil and the competitive behavior of leaching chemicals considerably restrain adsorption capacity of adsorbent material during washing process,which demands a higher resistance of the adsorbents to *** this study,we synthesized strongly magnetic,high specific surface area(573.49 m^(2)/g)UiO66 composites(i.e.,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4))using hydrothermal *** UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4) was applied as an adsorbent during the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)-assisted washing process of contaminated *** incorporation of UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)results in rapid heavy metal removal and recovery from the soil under low concentrations of washing agent(0.001 mol/L)with reduced residual heavy metal mobility of soil after ***,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)can quickly recollect by an external magnet,which offers a simple and inexpensive recovery method for heavy metals from contaminated ***,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)configuration with EDTA-assisted washing process showed opportunities for heavy metals contaminated sites.

关键词： UiO66 composites Metal-EDTA complexes EDTA-assisted washing Heavy metals recovery Soil

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Evaluating human exposure to antibiotic resistance genes

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 98-100页

作者： Zhenchao Zhou Hong Chen College of environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China International Cooperation Base of environmental Pollution and Ecological Health Science and Technology Agency of ZhejiangZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Antibiotic resistance is an escalating global concern,leading to millions of annual *** resistance genes(ARGs)present in bacteria equip them to withstand the effects of ***-and interspecific ARGs transmission through horizontal gene transfer further exacerbates resistance *** presence of ARGs in the environment heightens the probability of human exposure via direct inhalation,ingestion,or contact with polluted air,food,or water,posing substantial biosafety and health ***,ARGs represent a critical focal point in public health and environmental safety and are classified as emerging *** perspective underscores the necessity to assess ARG exposure within the One Health framework and to accord greater attention to the mitigation strategies and tactics associated with ARGs.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance genes Human exposure Biosafety

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Determining the effective elastic thickness through cross-correlation between isostatic disturbances

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 241-251页

作者： Nelson Ribeiro-Filho Cristiano Mendel Martins Raissa Moraes Baldez Ivaldevingles Rodrigues de Souza Júnior Franck Eitel Kemgang Ghomsi Instituto federal do Pará(IFPA) AltamiraParáBrazil Universidade federal do Pará(UFPA) BelemParáBrazil Nansen-Tutu Center for Marine environmental Research Department of OceanographyUniversity of Cape TownSouth Africa Geodesy Research Laboratory National Institute of CartographyYaoundeCameroon

The elastic thickness parameter was estimated using the mobile correlation technique between the observed isostatic disturbance and the gravity disturbance calculated through direct gravimetric modeling. We computed the vertical flexure value of the crust for a specific elastic thickness using a given topographic dataset. The gravity disturbance due to the topography was determined after the calculation. A grid of values for the elastic thickness parameter was generated. Then, a moving correlation was performed between the observed gravity data(representing actual surface data) and the calculated data from the forward modeling. The optimum elastic thickness of the particular point corresponded to the highest correlation coefficient. The methodology was tested on synthetic data and showed that the synthetic depth closely matched the original depth, including the elastic thickness value. To validate the results, the described procedure was applied to a real dataset from the Barreirinhas Basin, situated in the northeastern region of Brazil. The results show that the obtained crustal depth is highly correlated with the depth from known models. Additionally, we noted that the elastic thickness behaves as expected, decreasing from the continent towards the ocean. Based on the results, this method has the potential to be employed as a direct estimate of crustal depth and elastic thickness for any region.

关键词： Isostasy Elastic thickness Isostatic disturbance Moho depth Cross-correlation

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Comprehensive understanding on sources of high levels of fine particulate nitro-aromatic compounds at a coastal rural area in northern China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 483-494页

作者： Yueru Jiang Xinfeng Wang Min Li Yiheng Liang Zhiyi Liu Jing Chen Tianyi Guan Jiangshan Mu Yujiao Zhu He Meng Yang Zhou Lan Yao Likun Xue Wenxing Wang Environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Department of environmental Systems Science Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyDuebendorf 8600Switzerland Qingdao Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Shandong Province Qingdao 266003China College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China School of environmental and Geographical Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

Nitro-aromatic compounds(NACs)are among the major components of brown carbon(BrC)in the atmosphere,causing negative impacts on regional climate,air quality,and ecological *** to the extensive origins,it is still a challenge to figure out the contributions and originating regions for different sources of atmospheric ***,field observations on fine particulate NACs were conducted at a coastal rural area in Qingdao,China in the winter of 2018 and *** mean total concentrations of fine particulate nitro-aromatic compounds were 125.0±89.5 and 27.7±21.1 ng/m^(3)in the winter of 2018 and 2019,*** the measured eleven NACs,nitrophenols and nitrocatechols were the most abundant *** characteristics and correlation analysis showed that humidity and anthropogenic primary emissions had significant influences on the NAC *** this study,two tracing methods of the improved spatial concentration weighted trajectory(SCWT)model and the receptor model of positive matrix factorization(PMF)were combined to comprehensively understand the origins of NACs in fine particles at coastal *** major sources were identified,including coal combustion,biomass burning,vehicle exhaust,and secondary ***,coal combustion was responsible for about half of the observed nitro-aromatic compounds,followed by biomass burning(~30%).The results by SCWT demonstrated that the coal combustion dominated NACs mainly originated from the Shandong peninsula and the areas to the north and southwest,while those dominated by biomass burning primarily came from local Qingdao and the areas to the west.

关键词： Nitro-aromatic compounds Fine particles Source apportionment Originating region Combustion activities

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Artificial enhancement of sturgeon stock in freshwater reservoirs:A case study on sterlet Acipenser ruthenus of the Kama reservoir

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 287-294页

作者： Pavel B.Mikheev Semyon N.Kazarinov Alla G.Melnikova Stanislav V.Ponosov Nikolai G.Petrenko Andrei I.Nikiforov Alexey Yu Puzik Olga N.Elchenkova Perm State National Research University Perm614990Russia Khabarovsk Branch of the federal State Budget Scientific Institution“Russian federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography”“KhabarovskNIRO” Khabarovsk680038Russia Perm Branch of the federal State Budget Scientific Institution“Russian federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography”“PermNIRO” Perm614991Russia federal State Budget Scientific Institution“Russian federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography”“VNIRO” Moscow117454Russia Moscow State Institute of International Relations(University)of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Russia“MGIMO” Moscow117454Russia Department of State Control Supervision and Protection of Aquatic Biological Resources for Perm KraiMiddle-Volga Regional Office of the Federal Fishery AgencyPerm614990Russia

The paper presents the results of the sterlet sturgeon Acipenser ruthenus reintroduction into the Kama Reservoir(Perm Krai,Russia)by sterlet fry from hatcheries into the reservoir since *** effectiveness of hatchery releases was evaluated by monitoring gillnet sampling *** results showed that the species was reported throughout entire Kama Reservoir,which contrasts with 1988-1994 data,when the species was registered only at the upper part of the reservoir near the Kama River *** highest number and biomass values of catch per unit effort(CPUE)of the sterlet were found in submerged river channels-the deepest habitats with flow conditions which are close to the ecological requirements of the *** distribution of the sterlet within the channel biotopes of the reservoir is defined by reduced *** biggest individuals and the widest size range of the sterlet were typical for the upper area of the reservoir and Chusovskoy Bay,which have the greatest *** smallest sizes were typical for fish from catches near the dam of the reservoir,which is consistent with the published data on the distribution of sterlet in reservoir *** presented results may indicate the artificial formation of the sterlet stock in the Kama Reservoir maintained by hatchery *** revealed distribution of the sterlet in the reservoir determines the direction of further research on natural reproduction and thus formation of an artificially formed ***,future studies are required to assess the possibility of hybridization of the sterlet of artificial origin with natural populations of the species,since the low genetic diversity of the sterlet released into the Kama Reservoir which can lead to irreversible loss of genetic individuality of the natural stocks of the species in the catchment of upper course of the Kama River.

关键词： Sterlet Acipenser ruthenus Kama reservoir Hatchery releases CPUE Artificial stock formation

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Evolutionary fingerprint, phylogenetic and forest structure of tropical montane Atlantic cloud forests along an elevation gradient

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1259-1271页

作者： Ravi Fernandes MARIANO Vanessa Leite REZENDE Cléber Rodrigo de SOUZA Patrícia Vieira POMPEU Rubens Manoel dos SANTOS Carolina Njaime MENDES Aloysio Souza de MOURA Felipe Santana MACHADO Warley Augusto Caldas CARVALHO Marco Aurélio Leite FONTES Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil 2environmental Defence Association of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 30360-110Brazil Department of Ecology and Conservation Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil Department of Forest Sciences State University of Mato Grosso do SulAquidauana 79200-000Brazil Agência Zetta Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil. Department of Natural Sciences Federal University of São João del-ReiSão João del-Rei 36307-352Brazil.

environmental conditions can change markedly over geographical distances along elevation gradients,making them natural laboratories to study the processes that structure *** work aimed to assess the influences of elevation on Tropical Montane Cloud Forest plant communities in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest,a historically neglected *** evaluated the phylogenetic structure,forest structure(tree basal area and tree density)and species richness along an elevation gradient,as well as the evolutionary fingerprints of elevation-success on phylogenetic lineages from the tree *** do so,we assessed nine communities along an elevation gradient from 1210 to 2310 m *** large elevation *** relationships between elevation and phylogenetic structure,forest structure and species richness were investigated through Linear *** occurrence of evolutionary fingerprint on phylogenetic lineages was investigated by quantifying the extent of phylogenetic signal of elevation-success using a genus-level molecular *** results showed decreased species richness at higher elevations and independence between forest structure,phylogenetic structure and *** also verified that there is a phylogenetic signal associated with elevation-success by *** concluded that the elevation is associated with species richness and the occurrence of phylogenetic lineages in the tree communities evaluated in Mantiqueira *** the other hand,elevation is not associated with forest structure or phylogenetic ***,closely related taxa tend to have their higher ecological success in similar ***,we highlight the fragility of the tropical montane cloud forests in the Mantiqueira Range in face of environmental changes(*** warming)due to the occurrence of exclusive phylogenetic lineages evolutionarily adapted to environmental conditions(*** temperature)associated with each elevation range.

关键词： Atlantic Forest Cloud forest Conservation Community ecology Montane forests Phylogenetic diversity Phylogenetic signal

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Tensile strength and failure behavior of rock-mortar interfaces: Direct and indirect measurements

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 41-55页

作者： Ghasem Shams Patrice Rivard Omid Moradian Civil Engineering and Building Engineering Department Universitéde SherbrookeSherbrookeQuébecCanada Department of Earth Sciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology(ETH)ZurichSwitzerland Department of Civil and environmental Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCOUSA

The tensile strength at the rock-concrete interface is one of the crucial factors controlling the failure mechanisms of structures,such as concrete gravity *** the critical importance of the failure mechanism and tensile strength of rock-concrete interfaces,understanding of these factors remains very *** study investigated the tensile strength and fracturing processes at rock-mortar interfaces subjected to direct and indirect tensile *** image correlation(DIC)and acoustic emission(AE)techniques were used to monitor the failure mechanisms of specimens subjected to direct tension and indirect loading(Brazilian tests).The results indicated that the direct tensile strength of the rock-mortar specimens was lower than their indirect tensile strength,with a direct/indirect tensile strength ratio of 65%.DIC strain field data and moment tensor inversions(MTI)of AE events indicated that a significant number of shear microcracks occurred in the specimens subjected to the Brazilian *** presence of these shear microcracks,which require more energy to break,resulted in a higher tensile strength during the Brazilian *** contrast,microcracks were predominantly tensile in specimens subjected to direct tension,leading to a lower tensile *** monitoring of the cracking processes in the rock-mortar interfaces revealed that they show AE precursors before failure under the Brazilian test,whereas they show a minimal number of AE events before failure under direct *** to different microcracking mechanisms,specimens tested under Brazilian tests showed lower roughness with flatter fracture surfaces than those tested under direct tension with jagged and rough fracture *** results of this study shed light on better understanding the micromechanics of damage in the rock-concrete interfaces for a safer design of engineering structures.

关键词： Rock-mortar Rock-concrete Moment tensor inversion(MTI) Acoustic emission(AE) Digital image correlation(DIC) Tensile strength Direct tensile test Brazilian test

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On the interaction phenomena to the nonlinear generalized Hietarinta-type equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第1期9卷 89-97页

作者： Usman Younas T.A.Sulaiman Jingli Ren A.Yusuf State Key Laboratory of Power Grid environmental Protection/Henan Academy of Big Data Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Faculty of Science Federal University DutseJigawaNigeria Department of Computer Engineering Biruni University IstanbulTurkey

In this paper,we describe the nonlinear behavior of a generalized fourth-order Hietarinta-type equa-tion for dispersive waves in(2+1)*** various wave formations are retrieved by using Hirota’s bilinear method(HBM)and various test function *** Hirota method is a widely used and robust mathematical tool for finding soliton solutions of nonlinear partial differential equa-tions(NLPDEs)in a variety of disciplines like mathematical physics,nonlinear dynamics,oceanography,engineering sciences,and others requires bilinearization of nonlinear *** different wave structures in the forms of new breather,lump-periodic,rogue waves,and two-wave solutions are *** addi-tion,the physical behavior of the acquired solutions is illustrated in three-dimensional,two-dimensional,density,and contour profiles by the assistance of suitable *** on the obtained results,we can assert that the employed methodology is straightforward,dynamic,highly efficient,and will serve as a valuable tool for discussing complex issues in a diversity of domains specifically ocean and coastal *** have also made an important first step in understanding the structure and physical be-havior of complex structures with our findings *** believe this research is timely and relevant to a wide range of engineering *** results obtained are useful for comprehending the fundamental scenarios of nonlinear sciences.

关键词： Hirota’s bilinear method Lump-periodic solutions Breather waves Rouge waves Multi-waves

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Changes in calcium accumulation and utilization efficiency and their impact on recycling,immobilization,and export across the oil palm cycle

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第03期 143-150页

作者： Ismael de Jesus Matos Viégas Luma Castro de Souza Eric Victor de Oliveira Ferreira Milton Garcia Costa Glauco André dos Santos Nogueira Vitor Resende do Nascimento Candido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto Capanema Campus Federal Rural University of the Amazon (UFRA) Center of Agricultural and environmental Sciences Federal University of Maranh?o (UFMA) Capit?o Po?o Campus Federal Rural University of the Amazon (UFRA) Department of Soil Science S?o Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICA) Federal Rural University of the Amazon (UFRA)

Effective calcium(Ca) management is crucial for optimizing oil palm cultivation and enhancing crop yield. This study aimed to gain insights into the dynamics of Ca concentration, accumulation, exportation, immobilization,and recycling in various oil palm organs relative to plant age. The experiment was conducted at the Agropalma enterprise site in the northeastern region of Par a State, Brazil, evaluating seven plant age treatments: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,7, and 8 years old. Employing a completely randomized design with four replications. The results demonstrated an age-related increase in Ca concentration in petioles, rachis, arrows, male inflorescences, peduncles, and ***, Ca accumulation exhibited an upward trend in all organs with progressing plant age. Notably, the study revealed an enhanced Ca use efficiency across all plant organs in correlation with the age of oil palm cultivation. These findings underscore the dynamic nutritional demands of oil palm, influencing Ca immobilization, cycling, and export throughout its developmental stages.

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