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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第6期48卷 455-463页

作者： 1,2Lei MENG 2Xiang-Yun ZHU 1(College of Biological Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094,China) 2(Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) (College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China) (Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) *Correspondence: Xiang-Yun ZHU *Correspondence: Author for correspondence. E-mail: xiangyunzhu@*** Tel.: 86-10-62836111 fax: 86-10-82594477.

The pollen morphology of 11 species of the genus Glycyrrhiza *** one from each of the genera Glycyrrhizopsis Boiss.& *** Meristotropis Fisch.& *** investigated by scanning electron *** pollen morphology,the main differences between Glycyrrhizopsis and Glycyrrhiza are:Glycyrrhizopsis-pollen grains 36.63 × 40.42 μm in size,oblate spheroidal in shape;and Glycyrrhiza-pollen grains 24.47-33.18 × 23.82-31.83 μm in size,prolate spheroidal in *** and Glycyrrhiza should be recognized as two distinct genera based on palynological and morphological *** and Glycyrrhiza are similar in many important palynological and morphological characters,suggesting that the two should be *** Glycyrrhiza,two types of pollen grains,3-lobed-circular or subtriangular in polar view,are found in different species,in accordance with morphological differences in the two groups,shedding light on the classification and evolution of the genus.

关键词： exine sculpture morphological character pollen morphology taxonomic revision.

Genetic variation of Ardisia crenata in south China revealed by nuclear microsatellite

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第4期48卷 279-285页

作者： 1,2Hong-Ping MU 1Lan HONG 1Hong-Lin CAO 1Zheng-Feng WANG 1Zhong-Chao LI 1 Hao SHEN 1Zhang-Ming WANG 1Wan-Hui YE 1(South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China) 2(Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) (South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China) (Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China) *Correspondence: Wan-Hui YE *Correspondence: ?Author for correspondence. E-mail: why@*** Tel.: 86-20-37252996 fax: 86-20-37252981.

Ardisia crenata Sims,one of the most widely distributed Ardisia in the world,is an important ornamental and medicinal plant *** seven polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci,we studied the genetic variation of 20 natural populations of *** across its distribution center in south *** deviation from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in all populations and at all loci were detected,and the fixation index was high (FIS=0.725),indicating that inbreeding may be dominant in the mixed mating system of this self-compatible *** average genetic diversity within populations was relatively low(HS=0.321).There was significant genetic differentiation among populations(FST=0.583),which may have resulted from a high level of inbreeding and a low level of gene *** crenata in south China can be roughly divided into an eastern group and a western group,consistent with the floristic division of the Sino-Himalayan forest subkingdom and the Sino-Japanese forest *** may be separated glacial refugia in each region.

关键词： differentiation genetic variation inbreeding nuclear microsatellite

An embryological study and systematic significance of the primitive gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第4期49卷 353-361页

作者： 1,2Li WANG 1Di WANG 1Ming-Ming LIN 1Yan LU 1Xiao-Xue JIANG 1Biao JIN 1(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China) 2(Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) (College of Horticulture and Plant Protection Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China) (Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) *Correspondence: Biao JIN *Correspondence: E-mail: bjin@*** Tel.: 86-514-87979344 fax: 86-514-87347537.

Ginkgo biloba *** considered one of the most ancient seed plants,with several primitive features of plant reproductive ***,the phylogenetic position of Ginkgo and its relationship with other extant seed plants remain *** gain a better understanding of these issues,we observed the embryological development of *** using semi-thin sections and scanning electron *** late August,the zygote moved from the end of the micropylar to the middle of the archegonium,and mitosis resulted in many free nuclei distributed randomly in the ***,the cell wall was formed and the proembryo began to differentiate into the embryonal region and the underdeveloped presuspensor *** early October,the embryo differentiated into two cotyledons,plumule,hypocotyl,radicle,and suspensor ***,the two cotyledons grew rapidly,but the undeveloped suspensor began to degenerate and gradually disappear,indicating that the embryo had begun to *** early embryo development,the main supply of nutrients was carbohydrate in the cells of the jacket,tentpole,and surrounding endosperm,whereas endosperm provided nutrients during embryo *** results indicate that Ginkgo is extremely similar to cycads in terms of embryology but more similar to conifers in macromorphology and vegetative anatomy,suggesting that the Ginkgo lineage may have an intermediate phylogenetic position between cycads and conifers.

关键词： embryo development Ginkgo biloba L. systematic significance.

Comparative study of pollination biology of two closely related alpine Primula species,namely Primula beesiana and *** (Primulaceae)

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第2期48卷 109-117页

作者： 1,2Zhi-Kun WU 1Chang-Qin ZHANG 1(Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650204,China) 2(Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) (Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650204 China) (Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China) *Correspondence: Chang-Qin ZHANG *Correspondence: *?Author for correspondence. E-mail: zhangchangqin@*** Tel.: 86-871-522-3630 fax: 86-871-521-6345.

The comparative pollination biology of a population of Primula beesiana,a population of ***,and an overlapping population of these two species in Yulong Shan,Yunnan Province,China,was studied in 2004 and *** results indicate that both *** and *** are typical heterostylous and obligate outcrossing species;the main pollinators of the two species were bees and *** the sites of all three populations,the main pollinating visitors of the two species showed preference for one of the two species,resulting in the ethological isolation of the two species by the *** ethological isolation contributes to the reproductive isolation of the two species,which supports the hypothesis that *** and *** are two distinct *** reproductive isolation of the two species (ethological isolation) is probably an important mechanism in maintaining species boundaries in the genus and has contributed to the species diversification of Primula in the *** addition,gene exchanges between *** and *** has occurred to some extent in the overlapping population,but whether natural hybridization has contributed to species diversification in Primula remains to be determined.

关键词： pollination biology Primula beesiana Primula bulleyana reproductive isolation

Chromosome counts and karyotypes in Chaetoseris and Stenoseris (Asteraceae-Cichorieae) from the Hengduan Mountains of SW China

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第4期49卷 339-346页

作者： 1Tao DENG 1,2Ying MENG 1Hang SUN 1Ze-Long NIE 1(Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650204,China) 2(Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650204,China) (Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650204 China) (Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650204 China) *Correspondence: Ze-Long NIE *Correspondence: E-mail: niezl@*** Tel.: 86-871-5223523 fax: 86-871-5215002.

Chaetoseris and Stenoseris are two morphologically close genera from the tribe Cichorieae of the sunflower family and they are endemic in alpine eastern Himalayas to the Hengduan Mountains of SW *** chromosome numbers and karyotypes are reported for 12 populations representing eight species of Chaetoseris and two species of Stenoseris from the Hengduan Mountains *** species are new and the other two provide confirmation of previous *** Chaetoseris and Stenoseris taxa are diploidy with 2n = 16 and their basic number is tentatively suggested as x = *** of Chaetoseris and Stenoseris are similar to each other with 2A and 2B for the former and 2A for the *** data of chromosomal numbers and karyotypes support a close relationship of the two *** no polyploids are found for these two genera and it seems that polyploidization has played a minor role in their evolutionary speciation in the Hengduan Mountains region.

关键词： Asteraceae Chaetoseris Cichorieae Hengduan Mountains karyotype Stenoseris.

Molecular identification of species in Juglandaceae:A tiered method

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第3期49卷 252-260页

作者： 1,2Xiao-Guo XIANG 1,2Jing-Bo ZHANG 1An-Ming LU 1Rui-Qi LI* 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) 2(Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China) *Correspondence: Rui-Qi LI *Correspondence: ?Author for correspondence. E-mail: liruiqi@*** Tel.: 86-10-62836447 fax: 86-10-62590843.

DNA barcoding is a method of species identification and recognition using DNA sequence data.A tiered or multilocus method has been recommended for barcoding plant *** this study,we sampled 196 individuals representing 9 genera and 54 species of Juglandaceae to investigate the utility of the four potential barcoding loci(rbcL,matK,trnH-psbA,and internal transcribed spacer(ITS)).Our results show that all four DNA regions are easy to amplify and *** the four tested DNA regions,ITS has the most variable information,and rbcL has the *** generic level,seven of nine genera can be efficiently identified by *** species level,ITS has higher interspecific p-distance than the trnH-psbA *** to align in the whole family,ITS showed heterogeneous variability among different *** for the monotypic genera(Cyclocarya,Annamocarya,Platycarya),ITS appeared to have limited power for species identification within the Carya and Engelhardia complex,and have no power for Juglans or ***,our results confirmed that a multilocus tiered method for plant barcoding was applicable and *** higher priority,matK is proposed as the first-tier DNA region for genus discrimination,and the second locus at species level should have enough stable variable characters.

关键词： DNA barcoding ITS Juglandaceae matK rbcL trnH-psbA.

Molecular phylogeny of the entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Cordyceps(Ascomycota:Clavicipitaceae) and its evolutionary implications

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第6期48卷 435-444页

作者： 1Li-Hua TIAN 1Bo HU 1Hui ZHOU 2Wei-Ming ZHANG 1Liang-Hu QU 1Yue-Qin CHEN1(Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education,State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol,Zhongshan University,Guangzhou 510275,China) 2(Microbiology Institute of Guangdong(HMIGD),Guangzhou 510070,China) (Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Zhongshan University Guangzhou 510275 China) (Microbiology Institute of Guangdong (HMIGD) Guangzhou 510070 China) *Correspondence: Yue-Qin CHEN *Correspondence: Author for correspondence. E-mail: lsscyq@*** Tel.: 86-20-84112739 fax: 86-20-84035661.

Cordyceps is an endoparasite ascomycetous genus containing approximately 450 species with a diversity of insect hosts,traditionally included in the family Clavicipitaceae of *** the relationships among species with a varied range of morphologies and hosts is of importance to our understanding of the phylogeny and co-evolution of parasites and hosts in entomopathogenic *** this end,we used a combination of molecular index and morphological characters from 40 representative species to carry out comprehensive molecular phylogenetic *** on the phylogenetic tree,we used the program DISCRETE for inferring the rates of evolution and finding ancestral states of morphological *** phylogenetic analyses revealed two important points.(i) Types of perithecia attached to stroma reflected an evolutionary trend in *** vertically immersed perithecia form was the ancestral state,superficial and obliquely immersed perithecia were derived characters,obliquely immersed was *** with obliquely immersed perithecia were in a closely related group and were the derived group.(ii) A strong correlation between fungal relatedness and the microhabitat supported the hypothesis that the host jumps through commingling in soil *** on the results of these analyses,host switching explains the diversity of entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Cordyceps.

关键词： Cordyceps entomopathogenic fungi evolutionary implication molecular phylogeny.

Molecular identification of species in Prunus sect. Persica (Rosaceae), with emphasis on evaluation of candidate barcodes for plants

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第2期49卷 138-145页

作者： 1,2 Xu QUAN 1 Shi-Liang ZHOU 1 (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China) 2 (Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China) *Correspondence: Shi-Liang ZHOU *Correspondence: Author for correspondence. E-mail: slzhou@*** Tel.: 86-10-62836503 fax: 86-10-62590843.

Species of Prunus L. sect. Persica are not only important fruit trees, but also popular ornamental and medicinal plants. Correct identification of seedlings, barks, or fruit kernels is sometimes required, but no reliable morphological characters are available. Nowadays, the technique of DNA barcoding has the potential to meet such requirements. In this study, we evaluated the suitability of 11 DNA loci (atpB-rbcL, trnH-psbA, trnL-F, trnS-G, atpF-H, rbcL, matK, rpoB, rpoC1, nad1, and internal transcribed spacer [ITS]) as candidate DNA barcodes for peaches, using samples from 38 populations, covering all the species in sect. Persica. On the whole, the primers worked well in this group and sequencing difficulties were met only in the case of ITS locus. Five loci (rbcL, matK, rpoB, rpoC, and nad1) have very low variation rates, whereas atpB-rbcL, atpF-H, trnH-psbA, trnL-F and trnS-G show more variability. The most variable loci, atpB-rbcL and trnH-psbA, can distinguish three of the five species. Two two-locus combinations, atpB-rbcL+trnL-F and atpB-rbcL+atpF-H, can resolve all five species. We also find that identification powers of the loci are method-dependent. The NeighborNet method shows higher species identification power than maximum parsimony, neighbor joining, and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean methods.

关键词： atpB-rbcL DNA barcode Prunus sect. Persica trnL-F.

Expression pattern of CYC-like genes relating to a dorsalized actinomorphic flower in Tengia(Gesneriaceae)

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第5期48卷 309-317页

作者： 1Hong-Bo PANG 2Qing-Wen SUN 2Shun-Zhi HE 1Yin-Zheng WANG 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) 2(Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550002,China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550002 China) *Correspondence: Yin-Zheng WANG *Correspondence: ?Author for correspondence. E-mail: wangyz@*** Tel.: 86-10-62836474 fax: 86-10-62590843.

Tengia has been called a "natural peloria" in the family Gesneriaceae because it exhibits an almost perfect actinomorphic flower from whorl one to whorl *** would be especially interesting to know whether or how CYC-like gene activities are related to this type of perfect actinomorphic *** address this,we have isolated four CYC-like TCP genes and carried out an investigation on their expression patterns in ***1C and TsCYC1D have similar expression patterns with strong signals being detected in all five petals and stamens,whereas TsCYC2A and TsCYC2B are only transiently expressed in the very early floral *** results suggest that the expansion of the expressions of TsCYC1C and TsCYC1D from the dorsal to the ventral petals is likely responsible for the evolutionary formation of the fully dorsalized actinomorphic corolla,that is,an expanded functional domain of CYC-like gene dorsal identity in Tengia ***,the expressions of TsCYC1C and TsCYC1D are not correlated with stamen abortion;therefore,TsCYC genes do not functionally repress the stamen development in Tengia *** is probably due to changed cis-activities that result in the cell cycle-related genes uncoupling from the TsCYC regulatory pathway in Tengia.

关键词： actinomorphy CYCLOIDEA dorsalized Gesneriaceae RNA in situ hybridization Tengia.

New universal matK primers for DNA barcoding angiosperms

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第3期49卷 176-181页

作者： 1,2Jing YU 1Jian-Hua XUE 1Shi-Liang ZHOU* 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) 2(Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China) *Correspondence: Shi-Liang ZHOU *Correspondence: ?Author for correspondence. E-mail: slzhou@*** Tel.: 86-10-6283-6503 fax: 86-10-6259-0843.

The chloroplast maturase K gene(matK) is one of the most variable coding genes of angiosperms and has been suggested to be a "barcode" for land ***,matK exhibits low amplification and sequencing rates due to low universality of currently available primers and mononucleotide *** resolve these technical problems,we evaluated the entire matK region to find a region of 600-800 bp that is highly variable,represents the best of all matK regions with priming sites conservative enough to design universal primers,and avoids the mononucleotide *** careful evaluation,a region in the middle was chosen and a pair of primers named matK472F and matK1248R was designed to amplify and sequence the matK fragment of approximately 776 *** region encompasses the most variable sites,represents the entire matK region best,and also exhibits high amplification rates and quality of *** universality of this primer pair was tested using 58 species from 47 families of angiosperm *** primers showed a strong amplification(93.1%) and sequencing(92.6%) successes in the species *** propose that the new primers will solve,in part,the problems encountered when using matK and promote the adoption of matK as a DNA barcode for angiosperms.

关键词： angiosperm DNA barcoding matK primer.