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Energy reviews 2024年第1期3卷 1-23页

作者： Haoran Xu Yu Han Jing Zhu Meng Ni Zhen Yao State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China Department of Building and real Estate Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development(RISUD)&Research Institute for Smart Energy(RISE)Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina fakultät für physik Universität BielefeldUniversitätsstr.2533615BielefeldGermany

Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells(MS-SOfCs)own advantages of high performance,fast start-up,thermal cycle stability,easy sealing,and reduced material cost.In recent years,significant progress has been made in the development of MS-SOfCs,particularly with respect to improved electrochemical performance,long-term stability,and industrial production.Previous studies have mainly focused on stainless steel-based MS-SOfCs,with an emphasis on the development of low-temperature preparation processes,antioxidant coatings,stable electrodes,and the direct utilization of hydrocarbon fuels.Notably,Ceres Power and GE have successfully commercialized MS-SOfCs and have constant cooperated with several institutions and companies,such as Jülich research Center,Weichai and Cummins,to promote the performance and expand the market of MS-SOfC.Looking ahead,this review paper provides an outlook on future research directions in this rapidly evolving field.

关键词： Metal support Solid oxide fuel cell High performance Long-term stability

Nonlinear rydberg exciton-polaritons in Cu2O microcavities

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 619-627页

作者： Maxim Makhonin Anthonin Delphan Kok Wee Song Paul Walker tommi Isoniemi Peter Claronino Konstantinos Orfanakis Sai Kiran rajendran Hamid Ohadi Julian Heckötter Marc Assmann Manfred Bayer Alexander tartakovskii Maurice Skolnick Oleksandr Kyriienko Dmitry Krizhanovskii Department of Physics and Astronomy University of SheffieldSheffield S37RHUK. Department of Physics and Astronomy University of ExeterStocker RoadExeter EX44PYUK. SUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsSt Andrews KY169SSUK. fakultät physik TU DortmundAugust-Schmidt-Straße 444227 DortmundGermany

rydberg excitons(analogues of rydberg atoms in condensed matter systems)are highly excited bound electron-hole states with large Bohr radii.the interaction between them as well as exciton coupling to light may lead to strong optical nonlinearity,with applications in sensing and quantum information processing.Here,we achieve strong effective photon–photon interactions(Kerr-like optical nonlinearity)via the rydberg blockade phenomenon and the hybridisation of excitons and photons forming polaritons in a Cu2O-filled microresonator.Under pulsed resonant excitation polariton resonance frequencies are renormalised due to the reduction of the photon-exciton coupling with increasing exciton density.theoretical analysis shows that the rydberg blockade plays a major role in the experimentally observed scaling of the polariton nonlinearity coefficient as∝n4.4±1.8 for principal quantum numbers up to n=7.Such high principal quantum numbers studied in a polariton system for the first time are essential for realisation of high rydberg optical nonlinearities,which paves the way towards quantum optical applications and fundamental studies of strongly correlated photonic(polaritonic)states in a solid state system.

关键词： density. rydberg polar

Ion-bunch energy acoustic tracing by modulation of the depth-dose curve

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第3期 90-97页

作者： A.Pra?elsperger f.Balling H.-P.Wieser K.Parodi J.Schreiber fakult?t für physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t München

Characterizing exact energy density distributions for laser-accelerated ion bunches in a medium is challenging due to very high beam intensities and the electro-magnetic pulse emitted in the laser±plasma interaction. Ion-bunch energy acoustic tracing allows for reconstructing the spatial energy density from the ionoacoustic wave generated upon impact in water. We have extended this approach to tracing ionoacoustic modulations of broad energy distributions by introducing thin foils in the water reservoir to shape the acoustic waves at distinct points along the depth-dose curve. Here, we present first simulation studies of this new detector and reconstruction approach, which provides an online read-out of the deposited energy with depth within the centimeter range behind the ion source of state-of-the-art laser-plasma-based accelerators.

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Ion-bunch energy acoustic tracing by modulation of the depth-dose curve

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高功率激光科学与工程:英文版 2023年第3期11卷 86-93页

作者： A.Praßelsperger f.Balling H.-P.Wieser K.Parodi J.Schreiber fakultät für physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenGarchingGermany

Characterizing exact energy density distributions for laser-accelerated ion bunches in a medium is challenging due to very high beam intensities and the electro-magnetic pulse emitted in the laser-plasma interaction.Ion-bunch energy acoustic tracing allows for reconstructing the spatial energy density from the ionoacoustic wave generated upon impact in water.We have extended this approach to tracing ionoacoustic modulations of broad energy distributions by introducing thin foils in the water reservoir to shape the acoustic waves at distinct points along the depth-dose curve.Here,we present first simulation studies of this new detector and reconstruction approach,which provides an online read-out of the deposited energy with depth within the centimeter range behind the ion source of state-of-the-art laser-plasma-based accelerators.

关键词： ion-bunch energy acoustic tracing ion detector ionoacoustics laser-ion acceleration

A Brief Overview of Hard-thermal-Loop Perturbation theory

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Communications in theoretical Physics 2012年第3期57卷 409-421页

作者：苏楠 fakultt fr physik Universitt BielefeldD-33615 BielefeldGermany

the poor convergence of quantum field theory at finite temperature has been one of the main obstacles in the practical applications of thermal QCD for decades.Here we briefly review the progress of hard-thermal-loop perturbation theory (HtLpt) in reorganizing the perturbative expansion in order to improve the convergence.the quantum mechanical anharmonic oscillator is used as a simple example to show the breakdown of weak-coupling expansion,and variational perturbation theory is introduced as an effective resummation scheme for divergent weak-coupling expansions.We discuss HtLpt thermodynamic calculations for QED,pure-glue QCD,and QCD with N f=3 up to three-loop order.the results suggest that HtLpt provides a systematic framework that can be used to calculate both static and dynamic quantities for temperatures relevant at LHC.

关键词：摄动理论热环大型强子对撞机热力学计算 QCD 量子场论有限温度微扰展开

Hunting η-bound nuclei

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第9期34卷 1218-1223页

作者： H.Machner Institut für Kernphysik Forschungszentrum Jülich fakultt für physik Universitt Duisburg-Essen

the η meson can be bound to atomic nuclei.Experimental search is discussed in the form of final state interaction for the reactions dp → 3 Heη and dd → 4 Heη.for the latter case tensor polarized deuterons were used in order to extract the s-wave strength.for both reactions complex scattering lengths are deduced： a 3 Heη = ± 10.7±0.8 ＋0.1 -0.5 ＋i· 1.5±2.6 ＋1.0-0.9 fm and a 4 Heη = [±（3.1±0.5）＋i·（0±0.5）] fm.In a two-nucleon transfer reaction under quasi-free conditions,p^ 27 Al → ^3 HeX,was investigated.the system X can be the bound 25 Mg  η at rest.When a possible decay of an intermediate N  （1535） is required,a highly significant bump shows up in the missing mass spectrum.the data give for a bound state a binding energy of 13.3±1.6 MeV and a width of σ=4.4±1.3 MeV.

关键词： η meson production η nucleus interaction final state interaction recoil free kinematics

three-dimensional acoustic monitoring of laser-accelerated protons in the focus of a pulsed-power solenoid lens

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高功率激光科学与工程:英文版 2023年第3期11卷 57-63页

作者： S.Gerlach f.Balling A.K.Schmidt f.E.Brack f.Kroll J.Metzkes-Ng M.reimold U.Schramm M.Speicher K.Zeil K.Parodi J.Schreiber fakultät für physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenGarchingGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-rossendorf DresdenGermany technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany

the acoustic pulse emitted from the Bragg peak of a laser-accelerated proton bunch focused into water has recently enabled the reconstruction of the bunch energy distribution.By adding three ultrasonic transducers and implementing a fast data analysis of the filtered raw signals,I-BEAt(Ion-Bunch Energy Acoustic tracing)3D now provides the mean bunch energy and absolute lateral bunch position in real-time and for individual bunches.relative changes in energy spread and lateral bunch size can also be monitored.Our experiments at DrACO with proton bunch energies between 10 and 30 MeV reveal sub-MeV and sub-mm resolution.In addition to this 3D bunch information,the signal strength correlates also with the absolute bunch particle number.

关键词： ion diagnostics ionoacoustics laser-driven plasma source laser-ion acceleration

A Coupled Variable Coefficient Modified KdV Equation Arising from a two-Layer fluid System

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Communications in theoretical Physics 2007年第12期48卷 961-970页

作者： GAO Yuan~1 and tANG Xiao-Yan~(1,2)~1 Department of Physics,Shanghai Jiao tong University,Shanghai 200240,China~2 Institut für theoretische physik IV,fakultt für physik und Astronomie,ruhr-Universitt Bochum,D-44870 Bochum,Germany Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Institut für theoretische physik IV Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie Ruhr-Universität Bochum D-44870 Bochum Germany

A quite general coupled variable coefficient modified KdV (VCmKdV) equation in a two-layer fluid systemis derived by means of the reductive perturbation method.Making use of the CK's direct method,some similarityreductions of the coupled VCmKdV equation are obtained and their corresponding group explanations are discussed.Some exact solutions of the coupled equations are also presented.

关键词： coupled variable coefficient mKdV equation two-layer fluid similarity solution periodic waves

Bismuth doped Sr_(2)fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ) double perovskite as a robust fuel electrode in ceramic oxide cells for direct CO_(2)electrolysis

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2023年第33期164卷 160-167页

作者： Meiting Yang Zhen Yao Shuai Liu Jun Wang Anwei Sun Haoran Xu Guangming Yang ran ran Wei Zhou Gang Xiao Zongping Shao State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China fakultät für physik Universität BielefeldUniversitätsstr.2533615 BielefeldGermany State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China WA School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6845Australia

Electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)to CO is an economically feasible method for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.Among various electrochemical approaches,solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs)show high potential for CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)-rr)due to their ability to operate at high temperatures,resulting in fast reaction kinetics and increased efficiency.Considering their main energy loss is still associated with the large overpotential at the fuel electrode,the development of the highly efficient and durable cathode for SOECs has been extensively searched after.Here,we propose an A-site doping strategy to enhance the properties of Sr_(2)fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_(6−δ)(SfM),which improve its performance as a cathode in SOECs for CO_(2)-rr,demonstrating favorable activity and durability.the structural and physiochemical characterizations,together with Dft calculations,show that the partial replacement of Sr by Bi in the SfM double perovskite not only improves CO_(2) adsorption capability at the catalyst surface but also enhances oxygen ionic conduction inside the bulk oxide,resulting in enhanced CO_(2)electrocatalysis performance in SOECs.Specifically,a La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3−δ) (LSGM)electrolyte-supported single cell with the new Bi-doped SfM cathode demonstrates a large current density of 1620 mA cm^(−2) at a cell potential of 1.6 V at 850°C with good operational stability up to 200 h.Bi-doped SfM thus represents a highly promising cathode for ceramic CO_(2)electrolyzers and could accelerate our transition towards a carbon-neutral society.

关键词： Bismuth doped perovskite Sr_(2)fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ) CO_(2)electrocatalysis fuel electrode Solid oxide cells

Nonadiabatic dynamics and geometric phase of an ultrafast rotating electron spin

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Science Bulletin 2019年第6期64卷 380-384页

作者： Xing-Yan Chen tongcang Li Zhang-Qi Yin Center for Quantum Information Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences Tsinghua University Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik fakult?t für physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t München Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University Purdue Quantum Center Purdue University Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University

the spin in a rotating frame has attracted a lot of attentions recently,as it deeply relates to both fundamental physics such as pseudo-magnetic field and geometric phase,and applications such as gyroscopic sensors.However,previous studies only focused on adiabatic limit,where the rotating frequency is much smaller than the spin frequency.Here we propose to use a levitated nano-diamond with a built-in nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center to study the dynamics and the geometric phase of a rotating electron spin without adiabatic approximation.We find that the transition between the spin levels appears when the rotating frequency is comparable to the spin frequency at zero magnetic field.then we use floquet theory to numerically solve the spin energy spectrum,study the spin dynamics and calculate the geometric phase under a finite magnetic field,where the rotating frequency to induce resonant transition could be greatly reduced.

关键词： Nitrogen-vacancy center Nonadiabatic geometric phase Ultrafast rotor rabi oscillation Optomechanics