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Assessment of plant diversity of endemic species of the Saharo-Arabian region in Egypt

Journal of Arid Land 2024年第7期16卷 1000-1021,I0002-I0044页

作者： Asmaa S ABO HATAB Yassin M AL-SODANY Kamal H SHALTOUT Soliman A HAROUN Mohamed M EL-KHALAFY Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of ScienceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh 33511Egypt Botany Department Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt

Savanna, semi-deserts, and hot deserts characterize the Saharo-Arabian region, which includes Morocco, Mauretania, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Palestine, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Yemen, southern Jordan, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northern India. Its neighboring regions, the Sudano-Zambezian region belonging to the Paleotropical Kingdom and the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian regions included in the Holarctic Kingdom, share a large portion of their flora with the Saharo-Arabian region. Despite the widespread acknowledgment of the region's global importance for plant diversity, an up to date list of the Saharo-Arabian endemics is still unavailable. The available data are frequently insufficient or out of date at both the whole global and the national scales. Therefore, the present study aims at screening and verifying the Saharo-Arabian endemic plants and determining the phytogeographical distribution of these taxa in the Egyptian flora. Hence, a preliminary list of 429 Saharo-Arabian endemic plants in Egypt was compiled from the available literature. Indeed, by excluding the species that were recorded in any countries or regions outside the Saharo-Arabian region based on different literature, database reviews, and websites, the present study has reduced this number to 126 taxa belonging to 87 genera and 37 families. Regarding the national geographic distribution, South Sinai is the richest region with 83 endemic species compared with other eight phytogeographic regions in Egypt, followed by the Isthmic Desert(the middle of Sinai Peninsula, 53 taxa). Sahara regional subzone(SS1) distributes all the 126 endemic species, Arabian regional subzone(SS2) owns 79 taxa, and Nubo-Sindian subzone(SS3) distributes only 14 endemics. Seven groups were recognized at the fourth level of classification as a result of the application of the two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN) to the Saharo-Arabian endemic sp

关键词： endemism phytogeographical regions Saharo-Arabian floristic region Egyptian flora plant diversity two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN)

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Spray,droplet evaporation,combustion,and emission characteristics of future transport fuels for compression-ignition engines:A review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 575-613页

作者： Leang So Khuong Nozomu Hashimoto Osamu Fujita Division of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8628Japan faculty of Automotive Engineering National Polytechnic Institute of CambodiaPhnom Penh 120901Cambodia

This review examines the potential of hydrogen,ammonia,and biodiesel as alternative fuels,focusing on spray dynamics,droplet evaporation,combustion,and *** offers superior combustion characteristics but faces challenges in NO_(x)*** like nonpremixed direct injection,increased intake boost pressure,and low-pressure EGR are suggested for robust hydrogen combustion in compression-ignition *** of hydrogen start of injection(SOI)and water injection(WI)are identified as effective techniques for reducing NO_(x)*** shows inferior combustion and higher NO_(x)and unburned NH_(3)emissions in the same conditions as conventional fuels with conventional *** ammonia spray and evaporation conditions is significant for optimizing an ammonia-air mixture and minimizing wall impingement and ammonia trap in the crevice,thereby improving combustion and emission *** intake pressure,injection pressure,and EGR rate,employing a turbulent jet,and preheating ammonia improve efficiency and reduce NO_(x)*** ammonia combustion requires the implementation of after-treatment systems such as NH_(3)adsorber and De NO_(x)catalysts to mitigate unburned NH_(3)and NO_(x)*** affects the fuel supply system,combustion,and emission characteristics according to its viscosity and *** injection pressure and blending with volatile fuels enhance spray and *** biodiesel preheating temperatures for the injection pump and injector are crucial for achieving the best pump capacity and spray *** utilizing biodiesel-PODE blends and investigating low-temperature biodiesel combustions,there is potential to improve thermal efficiency and PMNO_(x)***,carbon-neutral fuel adoption should be accelerated to mitigate CO_(2)emissions,highlighting the importance of combustion techniques and emissions reduction strategies.

关键词： Carbon-neutral fuels Spray formation Droplet evaporation Injection strategies Combustion efficiency Emission reduction

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Deep eutectic solvents:Green multi-task agents for sustainable super green hydrogen technologies

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 357-382页

作者： Raiyan Al-Farsi Maan Hayyan Renewable Energy Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyMuscat UniversityMuscat 130Oman Chemical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyMuscat UniversityMuscat 130Oman

While reliance on renewable energy resources has become a reality, there is still a need to deploy greener and more sustainable methods in order to achieve sustainable development goals. Indeed, green hydrogen is currently believed to be a reliable solution for global warming and the pollution challenges arising from fossil fuels, making it the resilient fuel of the future. However, the sustainability of green hydrogen technologies is yet to be achieved. In this context, generation of green hydrogen with the aid of deep eutectic solvents(DESs) as green mixtures has been demonstrated as a promising research area. This systematic review article covers green hydrogen generation through water splitting and biomass fermentation when DESs are utilized within the generation process. It also discusses the incorporation of DESs in fuel cell technologies. DESs can play a variety of roles such as solvent, electrolyte, or precursor;colloidal suspension and reaction medium;galvanic replacement, shape-controlling, decoration, or extractive agent;finally oxidant. These roles are relevant to several methods of green hydrogen generation, including electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and fermentation. As such, it is of utmost importance to screen potential DES formulations and determine how they can function in and contribute throughout the green hydrogen mobility stages. The realization of super green hydrogen generation stands out as a pivotal milestone in our journey towards achieving a more sustainable form of development;DESs have great potential in making this milestone achievable. Overall, incorporating DESs in hydrogen generation constitutes a promising research area and offers potential scalability for green hydrogen production, storage,transport, and utilization.

关键词： Watersplitting Biohydrogen Super green hydrogen Electrocatalysis Photocatalysis Fuel cell Power-to-X

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A Collocation Technique via Pell-Lucas Polynomials to Solve Fractional Differential EquationModel for HIV/AIDS with Treatment Compartment

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 281-310页

作者： Gamze Yıldırım Suayip Yüzbası Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAkdeniz UniversityAntalya07058Turkey Department of Mathematics Faculty of Basic ScienceGebze Technical UniversityKocaeli41400Turkey Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceBartın UniversityBartın74100Turkey

In this study,a numerical method based on the Pell-Lucas polynomials(PLPs)is developed to solve the fractional order HIV/AIDS epidemic model with a treatment *** HIV/AIDS mathematical model with a treatment compartment is divided into five classes,namely,susceptible patients(S),HIV-positive individuals(I),individuals with full-blown AIDS but not receiving ARV treatment(A),individuals being treated(T),and individuals who have changed their sexual habits sufficiently(R).According to the method,by utilizing the PLPs and the collocation points,we convert the fractional order HIV/AIDS epidemic model with a treatment compartment into a nonlinear system of the algebraic ***,the error analysis is presented for the Pell-Lucas approximation *** aim of this study is to observe the behavior of five populations after 200 days when drug treatment is applied to HIV-infectious and full-blown AIDS *** demonstrate the usefulness of this method,the applications are made on the numerical example with the help of *** addition,four cases of the fractional order derivative(p=1,p=0.95,p=0.9,p=0.85)are examined in the range[0,200].Owing to applications,we figured out that the outcomes have quite decent ***,we understand that the errors decrease when the value of N *** figures in this study are created in *** outcomes indicate that the presented method is reasonably sufficient and correct.

关键词： Collocation method fractional differential equations HIV/AIDS epidemic model Pell-Lucas polynomials

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Volumetric and viscometric properties of aqueous 1,2-dimethylethylenediamine solution for carbon capture application

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Petroleum 2024年第2期10卷 326-337页

作者： Hossein Haghani Teerawat Sema Pipat Na Ranong Thanthip Kiattinirachara Benjapon Chalermsinsuwan Hongxia Gao Zhiwu Liang Paitoon Tontiwachwuthikul Department of Chemical Technology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology Chulalongkorn University Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahidol University Joint International Center for CO Clean Energy Technologies Research Institute (CETRi) Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science University of Regina

The present work investigates the volumetric and viscometric properties of an aqueous solution of 1,2-dimethylethylenediamine(DEEDA) over an entire concentration range and an absorber operating temperature range of 313.15K-333.15K at atmospheric pressure. The investigated volumetric properties included the density, excess molar volume, partial molar volume, and the investigated viscometric properties included the viscosity, viscosity deviation, free energy for activation of viscous flow, excess free energy for activation of viscous flow, and excess entropy for activation of viscous flow. The results indicated that there are strong intermolecular interactions and suitable molecular packing in the binary DEEDA-water mixture. Hence, the mixture was found to deviate from a real mixture according to the calculated excess properties. The DEEDA solvent's preliminary volumetric and viscometric properties revealed convincing potential as a novel amine for carbon capture. Additionally, the Redlich-Kister-based correlations showed favorable correlative performance for excess molar volume, viscosity deviation, and excess entropy for activation of viscous flow.

关键词： Density Viscosity Excess property Amine Carbon capture

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Nonlocal isogeometric analysis for bidirectional functionally graded porous curved microbeams with arbitrary boundary conditions

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第8期40卷 194-218页

作者： Thu-Huong Nguyen Thi Van Ke Tran Van-Minh Phung Van Hai Trinh Quoc Hoa Pham faculty of Mechanical Engineering Hanoi University of IndustryHanoi100000Vietnam faculty of Mechanical Engineering Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoi100000Vietnam Institute of Vehicle and Energy Engineering Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoi100000Vietnam faculty of Engineering and Technology Nguyen Tat Thanh UniversityHo Chi Minh City700000Vietnam

This research aims to analyze the static bending and free vibration behaviors of bidirectional functionally graded porous(BFGP)curved microbeams with elastic boundary conditions resting on a Pasternak’s elastic foundation in a hygro-thermal *** analysis based on non-uniform rational B-splines,first-order shear deformation theory,nonlocal elasticity theory combined with the modified strain gradient theories,modified Timoshenko beam theory are formulated to depict bending and shear deformations of BFGP curved ***,because using the modified Timoshenko beam theory,this study removes the requirement for a shear correction factor and describes shear stress by zero at the upper and lower cross-sectional sites of the BFGP curved *** from traditional boundary conditions,where the beginning and end positions of a curved beam are connected by an elastic system of straight and torsion *** allows for greater flexibility in controlling the stiffness of the springs to obtain arbitrary *** assess the accuracy and convergence of the proposed approach,validation numerical examples were conducted in the various examples.

关键词： Bidirectional functionally graded porous material Elastic boundary condition Isogeometric analysis Curved microbeams Nonlocal elasticity theory Modified strain gradient theory

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Chebyshev polynomial-based Ritz method for thermal buckling and free vibration behaviors of metal foam beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 891-910页

作者： N.D.NGUYEN T.N.NGUYEN faculty of Civil Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and EducationHo Chi Minh City 71309Viet Nam faculty of Engineering and Technology Kien Giang UniversityChau Thanh 92000Viet Nam

This study presents the Chebyshev polynomials-based Ritz method to examine the thermal buckling and free vibration characteristics of metal foam *** analyses include three models for porosity distribution and two scenarios for thermal *** material properties are assessed under two conditions,i.e.,temperature dependence and temperature *** theoretical framework for the beams is based on the higher-order shear deformation theory,which incorporates shear deformations with higher-order *** governing equations are established from the Lagrange equations,and the beam displacement fields are approximated by the Chebyshev *** simulations are performed to evaluate the effects of thermal load,slenderness,boundary condition(BC),and porosity distribution on the buckling and vibration behaviors of metal foam *** findings highlight the significant influence of temperature-dependent(TD)material properties on metal foam beams'buckling and vibration responses.

关键词： Ritz method Chebyshev function buckling vibration metal foam beam higher-order beam theory(HOBT)

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Potential of contemporary earth-sheltered buildings to achieve Plus Energy status in various European climates during the heating season

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Building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 41-52页

作者： Aleksandar Nesovic Nebojsa Jurisevic Robert Kowalik lvana Terzic faculty of Engineering University of KragujevacSestre Janjic 634000 KragujevacSerbia faculty of Environmental Geomatic and Energy EngineeringKielce University of TechnologyTysigclecia Panstwa Polskiego725-314 KielcePoland

This study investigates the potential of contemporary Earth-Sheltered Buildings to contribute to sustainable societies by achieving Plus Energy Building status during the heating *** buildings analyzed are intended to house a four-member family(102.5 m^(2)).The house is equipped with a ground source heat pump,geothermal vertical probes,floor heating panels,an energy recovery ventilator,and building-integrated photovoltaic panels installed on the exposed building *** numerical analysis(using EnergyPlus software)was carried out for nine European sites covering five different climatic zones(namely:southern,Atlantic,continental,alpine,and northern climate)and three latitude belts spanning Europe from south to *** above 65°N(northern and alpine climate)could not achieve Plus Energy status with 20% efficient *** 15% efficient BIPVs,the building above 59°N(northern climate)was incapable of achieving this as *** the monthly time step,the buildings in the southern and Atlantic climates with 15% efficient BiPVs were able to produce an energy surplus every month,as was the building in theAlps with 20% efficientBIPVs.

关键词： civil engineering earth-sheltered buildings renewable energy sustainable societies Plus Energy Buildings Energy Plus software

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Art and construction related qualities of 14th‒15th century monuments in a rural landscape on the western coast of Türkiye

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第4期13卷 712-728页

作者： Mine Hamamcıoğlu-Turan Engin Aktaș Özge Deniz Toköz faculty of Architecture İzmir Institute of TechnologyİzmirTürkiye faculty of Engineering İzmir Institute of TechnologyİzmirTürkiye

This study aims to contribute to the understanding of the evolution of art and construction in the early settlements established by Turkish communities on the far west Asian coast by focusing on two developed examples in Urla *** surveying and evaluation techniques of architectural restoration and civil engineering were *** findings include the understanding of the hierarchy of rural settlements in the studied landscape:old C¸esme the most developed village of peninsula in the 16th *** was positioned along a valley in distance to coast,but in control of harbor that played significant role in commerce between Europe and *** mosque and tomb,dated to late 14th e early 15th centuries,used to crown *** minaret tower of mosque,domed tomb tower on a cubical base and squinch in the transition zone of mosque are evidences for Central Asian *** of local lime stone,re-usage of andesite blocks,framing of the stone blocks with bricks,and pendentive in tomb refer to Roman-Byzantine *** study presents the development of Turkish art and construction on the far west Asian coast in the 14th‒15th *** will be a guide for related conservation management in similar contexts.

关键词： Mosque Tomb Central Asia Western Anatolia Mediterranean Conservation

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Automated evaluation of parapapillary choroidal microvasculature in crowded optic discs:a controlled,optical coherence tomography angiography study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 113-118页

作者： Hatice Arda Hidayet Sener Ozge Temizyurek Hatice Kubra Sonmez Duygu Gulmez Sevim Cem Evereklioglu Fatih Horozoglu Ayse Busra Gunay Sener Department of Ophthalmology Erciyes University Medical FacultyKayseri 38090Turkey Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics Erciyes University Medical FacultyKayseri 38090Turkey

AIM:To compare superficial and deep vascular properties of optic discs between crowded discs and controls using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCT-A).METHODS:Thirty patients with crowded discs,and 47 control subjects were enrolled in the *** eye of each individual was included and OCT-A scans of optic discs were obtained in a 4.5×4.5 mm^(2) rectangular *** peripapillary capillary(RPC)density,peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)thickness,cup volume,rim area,disc area,cup-to-disc(c/d)area ratio,and vertical c/d ratio were obtained automatically using device *** parapapillary choroidal microvasculature(PPCMv)density was calculated using MATLAB *** the vertical c/d ratio of the optic disc was absent or small cup,it was considered as a crowded ***:The mean signal strength index of OCT-A images was similar between the crowded discs and control eyes(P=0.740).There was no difference in pRNFL between the two groups(P=0.102).There were no differences in RPC density in whole image(P=0.826)and peripapillary region(P=0.923),but inside disc RPC density was higher in crowded optic discs(P=0.003).The PPCMv density in the inner-hemisuperior region was also lower in crowded discs(P=0.026).The pRNFL thickness was positively correlated with peripapillary RPC density(r=0.498,P<0.001).The inside disc RPC density was negatively correlated with c/d area ratio(r=-0.341,P=0.002).CONCLUSION:The higher inside disc RPC density and lower inner-hemisuperior PPCMv density are found in eyes with crowded optic discs.

关键词： crowded optic disc ischemic optic neuropathy optical coherence tomography angiography parapapillary choroidal microvasculature

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