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experimental assessment of arsenic toxicity in garole sheep in India

Emerging Contaminants 2016年第3期2卷 128-134页

作者： Chinmoy Maji Samar Sarkar Suman Biswas Pabitra Hriday Patra Bakul Kumar Datta Samiran Bandyopadhyay Tapas Kumar Biswas Chandrakanta Jana Tapan Kumar Mandal Department of veterinary Medicine Ethics&JurisprudenceFaculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesWest Bengal University of Animal and Fishery SciencesKolkataWest BengalIndia Department of veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesWest Bengal University of Animal and Fishery SciencesKolkataWest BengalIndia Indian veterinary Research Institute Eastern Regional StationKolkataWest BengalIndia Indian veterinary Research Institute Regional Station MukteswarMukteshwarUttarakhandIndia

Arsenic,a dangerous bio-accumulative poison,is a grave threat affecting a large number of people as well as animals throughout theWorld,particularly in Bangladesh and West Bengal,*** is also a matter of concern as continuously entering into food chain through biotic and abiotic *** present study was conducted to evaluate the experimental effect of arsenic toxicosis on Garole sheep of West *** group was subjected to oral arsenic exposure@6.6 mg Kg1 over 133 days when rests considered as negative *** arsenic estimation in wool,urine and feces along with hemato-biochemical alteration were checked *** was evident from the study that long term arsenic exposure exerted a significant(p<0.01)alteration compared to normal animal which were further supported by clinical *** animals showed histological changes throughout major internal organs like coagulative necrosis of liver,tubular nephritis of kidney and acanthosis of skin *** bioaccumulative and excretion pattern of arsenic inside body were also well understood by the arsenic estimation study of wool,urine and feces which may be helpful for discussion regarding arsenic entry into food chain via animals.

关键词： Arsenic Garole sheep Excretion Bioaccumulation Liver Kidney

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Reticulo-cutaneous fistula due to the ingestion of a long metallic rod in a cow

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第7期4卷 586-588页

作者： Azari Omid Ali Asghar Mozaffari Department of Clinical sciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineShahid Bahonar University of Kerman

A five-year-old cow was referred to the veterinary faculty hospital for treatment of a swelling mass with a cutaneous fistula at the left lower part of the chest wall,between 7|h till 9th intercostals *** pain in palpation of the mass was observed with no abnormality in clinical *** surgical exploration,skin incision was carried out on the swelling mass and surprisingly a sinus tract with a sharp metallic rod(26 cm length)that continued to the reticulum lumen was *** of unsuccessful attempting to remove of the foreign body,flank laparotomy and rumenotomy was *** one month,the cow led to complete recovery.

关键词： Reticulo-cutaneous fistula Foreign body Reticulum Cow

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Transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in agroecosystems: an overview

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第3期7卷 329-332页

作者： Jizheng HE Zhenzhen YAN Qinglin CHEN faculty of veterinary and Agricultural sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia

The use of antibiotics in human medicine andanimal husbandry has resulted in the continuous release ofantibiotics into the environment, which imposes highselection pressure onbacteria to develop antibioticresistance. The spread and aggregation of antibioticresistance genes (ARGs) in multidrug-resistant pathogensisone of the most intractable clinical *** studies have been conducted to profile thepatterns of ARGS in agricultural ecosystems, as this isclosely related to human health and wellbeing. This paperprovides an overview of the transmission of ARGs inagricultural ecosystems resulting from the application ofanimal manures and other organic amendments. The futureneed to control and mitigate the spread of antibioticresistance in agricultural ecosystems is also discussed,particularly from a holistic perspective, and requiresmultiple sector efforts to translate fundamental knowledgeinto effective strategies.

关键词： agroecosystem antibiotic resistance public health soil-plant system

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Microbiome analysis reveals soil microbial community alteration with the effect of animal excretion contamination and altitude in Tibetan Plateau of China

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第4期9卷 639-648页

作者： Aoyun Li Yaping Wang Yajing Wang Hailong Dong Qingxia Wu Khalid Mehmood Zhenyu Chang Ying Li Yung-Fu Chang Lijun Shi Zhaoxin Tang Hui Zhang College of veterinary Medicine South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China College of veterinary Medicine Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College Linzhi860000TibetChina faculty of veterinary and Animal sciences The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic sciences College of Veterinary MedicineCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Institute of Animal sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China

The fertile forages in the Tibetan Plateau provide natural conditions for animal husbandry,whereas it is still unclear that whether animal excretion can result in the alteration of soil microbial ***,this study was performed to investigate the impact of animal excretion contamination and land altitude on the soil microbial community in different grazing areas of Tibetan Plateau.A total of 1160,190 high-quality valid sequences and 25,478 operational taxonomic units were achieved from 18 samples at three different altitude sites(Linzhi,Rikaze and Shannan).Here,we found excremental contamination did not alter the richness and diversity of soil microbial community,but it resulted in a significant alteration in the proportion of some ***,the proportion of Proteobacteria in the LZa was obviously increased,whereas Gemmatimonadetes was significantly decreased as compared to ***,significant difference can also be observed in Verrucomicrobia between RKZe and ***,we also found that excremental contamination significantly decreased the abundance of some bacterial genera,such as Sphingopyxis,Polycyclovorans,Singulisphaera Cohnella,Polycyclovorans,Defluviicoccus,and Arthrobacter,which were closely related to soil health,pollutant degradation,and nutrient ***,excremental contamination increased the proportion of harmful and beneficial bacteria in soil,such as the percentage of Acidibacter,Gemmatimonadaceae and Pajaroellobacter increased,while the ratio of Pontibacter,Flavisolibacter,Parasegetibacter,and Niastella ***,soil samples collected from different altitude sites also displayed different soil microbial community *** results demonstrated that excremental contamination could alter the soil microbial community structure and affect the normal function of the soil by affecting the proportion of harmful bacteria to beneficial ***,this study can also provide a theoret

关键词： Soil microbial community High-throughput sequencing Excremental contamination Tibet

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Mapping aboveground biomass by integrating geospatial and forest inventory data through a k-nearest neighbor strategy in North Central Mexico

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第1期6卷 80-96页

作者： Carlos A AGUIRRE-SALADO Eduardo J TREVIO-GARZA Oscar A AGUIRRE-CALDERóN Javier JIMNEZ-PREZ Marco A GONZLEZ-TAGLE José R VALDZ-LAZALDE Guillermo SNCHEZ-DíAZ Reija HAAPANEN Alejandro I AGUIRRE-SALADO Liliana MIRANDA-ARAGóN faculty of Forest sciences Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon faculty of Engineering Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi Forestry Program Postgraduate College Haapanen Forest Consulting faculty of Agronomy and veterinary Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí

As climate change negotiations progress,monitoring biomass and carbon stocks is becoming an important part of the current forest ***,national governments are interested in developing forest-monitoring strategies using geospatial *** statistical methods for mapping biomass,there is a nonparametric approach called k-nearest neighbor(kNN).We compared four variations of distance metrics of the kNN for the spatially-explicit estimation of aboveground biomass in a portion of the Mexican north border of the intertropical *** derived,climatic,and topographic predictor variables were combined with the Mexican National Forest Inventory(NFI)data to accomplish the *** of distance metrics applied into the kNN algorithm was evaluated using a cross validation leave-one-out *** results indicate that the Most Similar Neighbor(MSN)approach maximizes the correlation between predictor and response variables(r=0.9).Our results are in agreement with those reported in the *** findings confirm the predictive potential of the MSN approach for mapping forest variables at pixel level under the policy of Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation(REDD+).

关键词： k-nearest neighbor Mahalanobis most similar neighbor MODIS BRDF-adjusted reflectance forest inventory the policy of Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation

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Determining the IgG concentrations in bovine colostrum and calf sera with a novel enzymatic assay

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 239-247页

作者： M.Drikic C.Windeyer S.Olsen Y.Fu L.Doepel J.De Buck Department Production Animal Health Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Calgary

Background: Immune protection in newborn calves relies on a combination of the timing,volume and quality of colostrum consumed by the calf after *** quality colostrum with inadequate immunoglobulin concentration contributes to failed transfer of passive immunity in calves,leading to higher calf morbidity and ***,estimating colostrum quality and ensuring the transfer of passive immunity on farm is of critical ***,there are no on-farm tools that directly measure immunoglobulin content in colostrum or *** aim of this study was to apply a novel molecular assay,split trehalase immunoglobulin G assay(STIGA),to directly estimate immunoglobulin content in dairy and beef colostrum and calf sera,and to examine its potential to be developed as on-farm *** STIGA is based on a split version of trehalase TreA,an enzyme that converts trehalose into glucose,enabling the use of a common glucometer for signal *** a first study,60 dairy and64 beef colostrum and 83 dairy and 84 beef calf sera samples were tested with STIGA,and the resulting glucose production was measured and compared with radial immunodiffusion,the standard method for measuring immunoglobulin ***: Pearson correlation coefficients between the methods were determined and the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the test were calculated for different colostrum quality and failed transfer of passive immunity cut-off *** correlations of the STIGA measured by colorimetric enzymatic reaction compared to radial immunodiffusion for dairy and beef colostrum were 0.72 and 0.73,respectively,whereas the correlations for dairy and beef sera were 0.9 and 0.85,***,STIGA was tested in a blinded study with fresh colostrum and serum samples where the correlation coefficient was 0.93 and 0.94,***,the performance of STIGA followed by glucometer readings resulted in correlations with radial immunodiffusion of 0.7 and

关键词： Cattle Colostrum Immunoglobulins Passive immunity Radial immunodiffusion Split trehalase

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Fecal stream diversion and mucosal cytokine levels in collagenous colitis:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第19期21卷 6065-6071页

作者： Niki Daferera Ashok Kumar Kumawat Elisabeth Hultgren-Honquist Simone Ignatova Magnus Strom Andreas Münch Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesLinkoping University School of Health and Medical sciences Orebro University Department of Pathology Linkoping University

In this case report, we examined the levels of cytokines expressed before and during fecal stream diversion and after intestinal continuity was restored in a patient with collagenous colitis. We report the case of a46-year-old woman with chronic, active collagenous colitis who either failed to achieve clinical remission or experienced adverse effects with the following drugs:loperamide, cholestyramine, budesonide, methotrexate and adalimumab. Due to the intractable nature of the disease and because the patient was having up to 15 watery bowel movements per day, she underwent a temporary ileostomy. Colonic biopsies were analyzed for mucosal cytokine protein levels before and during fecal stream diversion and after intestinal continuity was restored. Mucosal protein levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 A, IL-23, TNF, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5,IL-10 and IL-13 were all higher during active disease and decreased to non-detectable or considerably lower levels during fecal stream diversion. One month after the restoration of bowel continuity, when the patient experienced a relapse of symptoms, IL-2, IL-23 and IL-21 levels were again increased. Our results indicate that fecal stream diversion in this patient suppressed the levels of all cytokines analyzed in colonic biopsies. With the recurrence of clinical symptoms and histological changes after bowel reconstruction,the levels of primarily proinflammatory cytokines increased. Our findings support the hypothesis that a luminal factor triggers the inflammation observed in collagenous colitis.

关键词： Microscopic colitis Collagenous colitis Luminex Mucosal cytokines Fecal stream diversion

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Ameliorative effect of zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles on antioxidant system in the brain of diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第10期5卷 874-877页

作者： Mohamed Afifi Aaser Mohamed Abdelazim Department of Biological sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Jeddah Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig University

Objective: To test the ability of both zinc oxide nanoparticles(Zn ONPs) and silver nanoparticles(SNPs) to ameliorate the oxidative stress resulted from diabetes in diabetic ***: Fifty male albino rats were used; ten of them were served as control group and forty, as the experiment group, were injected with streptozotocin at the single intraperitoneal dose of 100 mg/kg. Then, the experiment group was subdivided into, diabetic,diabetic + Zn ONPs, diabetic + SNPs and diabetic + insulin groups. The activities and m RNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were determined in brain tissues. Malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, zinc and silver concentrations were estimated in the brain tissues of all ***: A significant increase in the activities and m RNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase was *** levels were significantly decreased while there was a significant increase in the zinc, silver concentrations and total antioxidant capacity in brain of Zn ONPs and SNPs treated rats, compared with diabetic or diabetic + insulin group and their control ***: Zn ONPs and SNPs can be used to ameliorate the oxidative stress in brain resulted from diabetes mellitus.

关键词： glutathione antioxidant superoxide silver peroxida

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Comparative efficacy of a phytogenic feed additive and an antibiotic growth promoter on production performance, caecal microbial population and humoral immune response of broiler chickens inoculated with enteric pathogens

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第3期1卷 213-219页

作者： Toshi Wati Tapan K.Ghosh Basharat Syed Sudipto Haldar Department of Animal Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences BIOMIN GmbH

The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of a commercially available phytogenic feed additive(PFA) and an antibiotic growth promoter, which was bacitracin methylene disalicylate(BMD), on performance, nutrient retention, caecal colonization of bacteria and humoral immune responses against Newcastle disease in broiler chickens challenged orally with Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia ***-day-old male Cobb 400 broiler chicks(n = 120) were fed with 1) a negative control(NC) diet, which is the basal diet without any added growth promoter, 2) a positive control(PC) diet, the basal diet supplemented with BMD, 500 mg/kg and 3) a diet supplemented with PFA(150 mg/kg) for 39 days and the birds were inoculated with S. enteritidis and E. coli on d 28. Supplementation of PFA improved body weight, feed conversion ratio, retention of N and crude fiber, increased fecal moisture content and decreased digesta transit time as compared with the NC and PC groups(P <0.01). Both the PC and the PFA was found to be equally effective in controlling the surge in numbers of Salmonella and E. coli following oral inoculation of these bacteria as compared with the NC group(P <0.05) at 24 h past inoculation. Caecal content analysis on d 39 indicated lower numbers of Salmonella, E. coli and Clostridium in the PC and PFA groups as compared with the NC group(P <0.05). The number of Lactobacillus in the PFA group was higher than those in the NC and PC groups(P <0.05). Humoral immune response,measured as hemagglutination inhibition titer against Newcastle disease, was better in the PC and PFA groups compared with the NC group(P <0.05) at d 21 but the difference did not last till d 39. The heterophil to lymphocyte ratio was narrower(P <0.001) and alkaline phosphatase activity was higher(P <0.01) in the PFA group as compared with the NC and PC groups on d 39. It was concluded that the PFA, which is animal, environment and consumer friendly, may be used as an effective replacement for com

关键词： Broilers Phytogenic feed additives Performance Nutrient retention Enteric challenge Intestinal microbiology

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Body temperature,activity patterns and hunting in free-living cheetah:biologging reveals new insights

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 30-47页

作者： Robyn S.HETEM Duncan MITCHELL Brenda A.DE WITT Linda G.FICK Shane K.MALONEY Leith C.R.MEYER and Andrea FULLER School of Animal Plant and Environmental SciencesFaculty of SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Brain Function Research Group School of PhysiologyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the Witwatersrand Medical SchoolParktownJohannesburgSouth Africa School of Human sciences University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia Department of Paraclinical Science Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa

As one of the few felids that is predominantly diurnal,cheetahs(Acinonyx jubatus)can be exposed to high heat loads in their natural *** is known about long-term patterns of body temperature and activity(including hunting)in cheetahs because long-term concurrent measurements of body temperature and activity have never been reported for cheetahs,or,indeed,for any free-living *** report here body temperature and locomo-tor activity measured with implanted data loggers over 7 months in 5 free-living cheetahs in *** tem-perature ranged from a maximum of 39°C in summer to−2°C in *** had higher(~0.4°C)max-imum 24-h body temperatures,later acrophase(~1 h),with larger fluctuations in the range of the 24-h body temperature rhythm(approximately 0.4°C)during a hot-dry period than during a cool-dry period,but main-tained homeothermy irrespective of the climatic *** ambient temperatures increased,the cheetahs shifted from a diurnal to a crepuscular activity pattern,with reduced activity between 900 and 1500 hours and increased nocturnal *** timing of hunts followed the general pattern of activity;the cheetahs hunted when they were on the *** hunted if an opportunity presented itself;on occasion they hunted in the midday heat or in total darkness(new moon).Biologging revealed insights into cheetah biology that are not ac-cessible by traditional observer-based techniques.

关键词： Acinonyx jubatus heat stress nocturnal intraguild predators moonlight

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