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Sero-Prevalence and Risk factors of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in Afgoye District Lower Shabelle Region, Somalia

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Open Journal of veterinary Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 11-20页

作者： Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Sumaya Hassan Ali Abdisalam Mohamed Ali Abdirazack Saleban Osman Binti Abubakar Mohamed Abdifatah Mohamud Ibar Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed Mohamed Abdelrahman Mohamed Ahmed Ali Omar Zakaria Ibrahim Issack College of veterinary Medicine Abrar University Mogadishu Somalia faculty of veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry Somali National University Mogadishu Somalia faculty of veterinary science Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia

Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory disease of cattle and water buffalo, caused by the Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides. It induces significant economic losses and leads to a severe livestock production problem, negatively influencing people’s livelihoods of affected countries. In Somalia, there is no updated data on the prevalence and distribution of the disease. Hence, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to June 2023 in different villages under the Afgoye District of lower Shabelle region, Somalia. The main purpose of this study is to assess the sero-prevalence and identify the associated risk factors for the occurrence of the disease. In this study, villages, age, sex, breed, and body condition were considered as risk factors. A total of 90 blood samples were collected and tested in the laboratory using the Anti-CBPP Elisa kit test. Out of 90 serum samples from herd cattle, 32 were positive, resulting in an overall prevalence of 35.5%. In addition, we found a statistically significant variation between the prevalence of the disease and factors such as sex, age, body condition and breeds. In summary, the overall prevalence of Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in this study area is worth to be considered because there is a low quality of health care and less awareness of the Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia effects on herds, which warrants the official authorities to act and follow appropriate preventive and control measures to reduce the incidence of the disease and generate appropriate controlling and prevention measures in all regions of Somalia.

关键词： Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Sero-Prevalence Cattle Somalia Mycoplasma Cross Sectional Study

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Prevalence of Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in Lactating Camels (Camelus Dromedarius) on Dairy Farms in benadir Region, Somalia

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Open Journal of veterinary Medicine 2024年第6期14卷 111-123页

作者： Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed Mahad Mohamud Abdi Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud Yonis Abukar Mohamed Ahmed Ali Omar Abdirahman Barre Chandra Shaker Chouhan Md. Amimul Ehsan faculty of veterinary science Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia faculty of veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry Somali National University Mogadishu Somalia Somali Animal Welfare Society (SAWS) Mogadishu Somalia Camel Research Center Mogadishu Somalia Department of Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Science Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh

The study took a comprehensive approach to understanding mastitis in lactating camels, a disease that significantly impacts milk quantity and quality. This complex and multifactorial disease poses a significant challenge to dairy camel farming, particularly in Somalia. The studys objective was to determine the prevalence of mastitis and the risk factors associated with it among lactating camels on dairy farms in benadir, Somalia. To achieve this, a cross-sectional study was conducted from May to September 2022 in the benadir region of Somalia. A total of 96 lactating camels underwent examination using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) to identify clinical and subclinical mastitis cases. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 20 farm employees/owners to gather information on hygiene practices, parity, lactation stage, tick infestation, and the presence of udder/teat lesions. Data regarding parity and lactation stage were obtained through owner interviews. The data collected on specifically designed forms were recorded and entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for analysis using SPSS version 20 statistical software, ensuring a comprehensive and reliable analysis of the data. The studys findings revealed a significant prevalence of camel mastitis, with 34.4% (33/96) of lactating camels affected and clinical and subclinical cases constituting 5.2% and 29.2%, respectively. Quarter-level prevalence was 46.3%, with clinical and subclinical mastitis at 4.7% and 41.6%, respectively. The study also identified significant associations (P < 0.05) among risk factors such as stage of lactation, parity, and age, indicating a higher susceptibility to mastitis in older camels during early lactation compared to those in late lactation and younger camels. These findings underscore the crucial role of inadequate hygienic conditions on camel farms and udder tick infestations in driving the elevated prevalence of mastitis, highlighting the need for improved manage

关键词： Mastitis Camel Prevalence Risk Factors Somalia

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Harnessing the power of pericytes and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 to modulate stroke outcome

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 473-474页

作者： Omolara O.Ogunshola Chih-Chieh Tsao Institute of veterinary Physiology Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

The human brain has exceedingly high metabolic *** cerebral vasculature has the critical task of providing sufficient blood supply to meet this *** sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain,as observed during ischemic stroke,results in acute neurological injury with devastating consequences-a high rate of adult disability and *** stroke is thus a vascular disorder with a dramatic neurological *** is an urgent need for more effective disease management to combat stroke as current treatment paradigms,focusing on vascular recanalization and neuroprotection,have only limited clinical *** accumulating data suggests successful long-term neuroprotection is unlikely to be achievable without a functional microvascular network,strategies that reduce endothelial dysfunction could be ***,very recent evidence highlighted herein suggests protecting the humble pericyte may be a new approach to reaching this goal.

关键词： consequences exceeding herein

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Different characteristics of 40 kinds of free amino acids and 5-amino levulinic acid between wines and sakes(Japanese rice wines)

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Journal of Future Foods 2024年第4期4卷 361-368页

作者： Tohru Kimura Laboratory of Animal science Joint Faculty of Veterinary MedicineYamaguchi UniversityYamaguchi 753-8515Japan

Based on a systemic analysis for the globa1 burden of disease study from 1990 to 2016,the Global Burden of Diseases(GBD)2016 Alcohol Collaborators reported that alcohol use was a 1eading nisk factor for globa1 disease burden and caused substantial health ***,alcoholic dnink(wines and sakes)contains abundant nutrients,particularly fermentable amino acids denived from grapes and *** acid nutrition and metabolism is strongly associated with health and preventiom against various *** purpose of this study was to elucidate 40 kinds of free amino acid(FAA)profles in wines and *** addition,the present study also provided the contents of 5-aminolevulinic acid(5-AI A)involved in the vital functionality of *** were detected and analyzed by use of an automatic amino acid *** amino acid,branched chain amino acid and Fischer ratio were calculated for each ***1 FAAs showed significant differences between wines and *** abundantly contained almost all FAAs whereas wines had just a lttle content in some *** were rich in arginine,glycine,alanine,valine,glutamic acid and leucine,while wines were remarkably nich in proline(Pro).Wines showed increased FAA levels in 6 kinds of variables(4-hydroxyproline,3-methy1 histidine,B-alanine,a-aminobutyric acid,Pro and a.-aminoadipic acid).In functionally characteristic FAAs,both wines and sakes were considerably abundant in y aminobutynic acid and 5-AI A The total amount of aromatic amino acid and branched chain amino acid were markedly higher in sakes than in *** results revealed that there were the apparent different characteristics in FAA profiles between wines and *** difference resulted from fermentation process in wines(single fermentation)and sakes(paralle1 double fermentation).Forty kinds of FAA profiles are more usefu1 in investigating characteristics of the taste of wines and *** future,detailed FAA analysis has the potential to fi

关键词： Fermentation 5-Amino levulinic acid Free anino acids γ-Aminobutyric acid Sake Wine

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Gut microbiota intervention attenuates thermogenesis in broilers exposed to high temperature through modulation of the hypothalamic 5‑HT pathway

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 679-698页

作者： Sheng Li Xiaoqing Li Kai Wang Yansen Li Kentaro Nagaoka Chunmei Li Research Centre for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Laboratory of veterinary Physiology Department of Veterinary MedicineFaculty of AgricultureTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyTokyo 183‑8509Japan

Background Broilers have a robust metabolism and high body temperature,which make them less tolerant to hightemperature(HT)environments and more susceptible to challenges from elevated *** microbes,functioning as symbionts within the host,possess the capacity to significantly regulate the physiological functions and environmental adaptability of the *** study aims to investigate the effects of gut microbial intervention on the body temperature and thermogenesis of broilers at different ambient temperatures,as well as the underlying mechanism involving the"gut-brain"*** Broilers were subjected to gut microbiota interference with or without antibiotics(control or ABX)starting at 1 day of *** 21 day of age,they were divided into 4 groups and exposed to different environments for 7 d:The control and ABX groups at room temperature(RT,24±1℃,60%relative humidity(RH),24 h/d)and the control-HT and ABX-HT groups at high temperature(HT,32±1℃,60%RH,24 h/d).Results The results demonstrated that the antibiotic-induced gut microbiota intervention increased body weight and improved feed conversion in broiler chickens(P<0.05).Under HT conditions,the microbiota intervention reduced the rectal temperature of broiler chickens(P<0.05),inhibited the expression of avUCP and thermogenesisrelated genes in breast muscle and liver(P<0.05),and thus decreased thermogenesis ***,the gut microbiota intervention blunted the hypothalamic‒pituitary‒adrenal axis and hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis activation induced by HT *** analyzing the cecal microbiota composition of control and ABX chickens maintained under HT conditions,we found that Alistipes was enriched in control *** contrast,antibioticinduced gut microbiota intervention resulted in a decrease in the relative abundance of Alistipes(P<0.05).Moreover,this difference was accompanied by increased hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)content and TPH2 expression(P<0.05).Conclus

关键词： 5-HT Broiler chickens Gut microbiota Thermogenesis Thermoregulation

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Assessment of spermatogenesis in camels via seminiferous tubule staging and testosterone profiling

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第3期13卷 133-142页

作者： Saif Ullah Abdul Quddus Quanwei Wei Wael Ennab Sheeraz Mustafa Jiahao Sun Rahmani Mohammad Malyar Abdul Baseer Dagan Mao Fangxiong Shi College of Animal science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China faculty of veterinary and Animal sciences Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine SciencesBalochistanPakistan faculty of veterinary and Animal sciences Ziaddin university Karachi Pakistan

Objective:To investigate the successive morphological stages of spermatogenesis,hormonal regulation,and testosterone profile in dromedary camel ***:Testicular tissue samples were obtained from 12 dromedary bull camels aged 7 to 8 at a local *** histological assessment involved tissue processing,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,and examination under a *** analysis,germ cell identification,and assessment of seminiferous tubules and maturation were *** assay was performed by radioimmunoassay using blood samples collected at regular ***:The study revealed 12 phases of the dromedary camel's seminiferous epithelium cycle,highlighting distinct morphological characteristics and cellular *** migration,maturation,cap formation,and the Golgi-mediated synthesis of proacrosomal vesicles were also explained in dimension,as were the steps of acrosome *** and mature sperm cells were present when spermatogenesis phases were *** analysis of the dimensions of seminiferous tubules revealed specific measures for diameter,area,and epithelial height about luminal ***,there were noticeable variations in the serum testosterone concentrations during the study period,indicating temporal ***:This study outlines the spermatogenesis process in dromedary camels across 12 stages,emphasizing cellular dynamics and acrosomal *** also provides seminiferous tubule measurements and observes seasonal testosterone fluctuations,offering insights into reproductive regulation and potential strategies for camel breeding conservation.

关键词： Spermatogenesis Camel Testosterone profile Morphological staging

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tRNA^(Glu)-derived fragments from embryonic extracellular vesicles modulate bovine embryo hatching

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1559-1566页

作者： Yuan Fan Krishna Chaitanya Pavani Katrien Smits Ann Van Soom Luc Peelman Department of veterinary and Biosciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversityHeidestraat 199820 MerelbekeBelgium Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Department for Reproductive Medicine Ghent University HospitalCorneel Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have been shown to be involved in early embryo development and repression of endogenous retroelements in embryos and stem ***,it is unknown whether tsRNAs also regulate embryo *** this study,we mined the sequencing data of a previous experiment in which we demonstrated that the microRNA(miRNA)cargo of preimplantation embryonic extracellular vesicles(EVs)influences embryo *** thus profiled the tsRNA cargo of EVs secreted by blastocysts and *** majority of tsRNAs was identified as tRNA halves originating from the 5'ends of *** the 148 differentially expressed tsRNAs,the 19 nt tRNA fragment(tRF)tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in EVs derived from ***-qPCR assays confirmed its significant up-regulation in non-blastocyst embryos and their conditioned medium compared to the blastocyst group(P<0.05).Inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 by supplementing antagomirs to the conditioned medium improved embryo hatching(P<0.05).Transcriptomic analysis of embryos treated with tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 antagomirs further showed differential expression of genes that are associated with embryo hatching and *** summary,tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 is up-regulated in non-blastocyst embryos and their secretions,and inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 promotes embryo hatching,while influencing embryo implantation-related genes and *** results indicate that embryonic EVs containing specific tRFs may regulate preimplantation embryo development.

关键词： Embryo Extracellular vesicles Hatching tRNA fragments ts RNAs

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Each coin has 2 sides: a positive role of alien Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Grey, 1843) snails in reducing the infection of native lymnaeids with trematodes

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 262-269页

作者： Anna Cichy Anna Stanicka Elzbieta Zbikowska faculty of Biological and veterinary sciences Nicolaus Copernicus University in TorunLwowska 187-100 TorunPoland

The change in the distribution of organisms in freshwater ecosystems due to natural or manmade processes raises the question of the impact of alien species on local *** most studies indicate a negative effect,the positive one is more difficult to discern,espe-cially in multispecies systems,including hosts and *** purpose of the study was to check whether the presence of an alien host,Potamopyrgus antipodarum,reduces the intensity of Echinoparyphium aconiatum metacercariae in a native host,Radix *** additionally tested the impact of water temperature and the biomass of the alien host on the dilution *** experimentally studied(1)the lifespan of echinostome cercariae in different temperatures,(2)the infectivity of cercariae toward the alien host and native host,and(3)the impact of different biomass of the alien host on the intensity of metacercariae in the native *** found that cercarial survival and infectivity were tem-perature ***,cercarial survival decreased with increasing temperature,contrary to cercarial *** cercariae entered the renal cavity of both the native host and alien host,and successfully transformed into *** number of metacercariae in the native host decreased with the increasing biomass of the alien *** results indicate that lymnaeids may benefit from the co-occur-rence with P antipodarum,as the presence of additional hosts of different origins may reduce the prevalence of parasites in native ***,the scale of the dilution effect depends not only on the increased spectrum of susceptible hosts but also on the other variables of the environment,including water temperature and host density.

关键词： biological invasion density dilution effect echinostomes Radix spp. temperature.

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Prevalence estimates of Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis infection in the Greater Mekong subregion: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第3期13卷 1-15页

作者： Sota Pornphutthachat Andityas Morsid Kotepui Manas Sripa Banchob WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease) Tropical Disease Research Center Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand faculty of veterinary Medicine Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand Department of Bioresources Technology and veterinary Veterinary Technology Study Program Vocational College Universitas Gadjah Mada Depok Indonesia School of Allied Health sciences Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand Medical Technology Program Faculty of Science Nakhon Phanom University Nakhon Phanom Thailand

Background Opisthorchiasis and clonorchiasis, caused byOpisthorchis viverrini andClonorchis sinensis, respectively, are significant yet neglected foodborne trematodiases in the Great Mekong Subregion (GMS). Despite the reporting of the prevalence of these human liver flukes in the region over the past decades, there has been a lack of a comprehensive and systematic consolidation of this data. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a thorough systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize and analyze time-trend prevalence estimates of bothO. viverrini andC. sinensis across the GMS for the past 30 *** This study undertakes a systematic review using a comprehensive search for published articles in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane and Thai Journal Online databases until early 2023. The pooled prevalence ofO. viverrini andC. sinensis infection was analyzed through a random-effects meta-analysis, with meta-regression analysis used to quantify associations with study characteristics. Sub-group analysis was conducted, whenever comparison data were available, to assess the risk ofO. viverrini andC. sinensis infection in each GMS country. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the Q statistic and quantified by using theI2 *** From a total of 2997 articles, 155 articles comprising 218 datasets and 751,108 participants were included for review. The GMS prevalence ofO. viverrini was 21.11% [45,083/260,237; 95% confidence interval (CI): 17.74–24.47%]. Pooled prevalence estimates were highly observed in Laos (34.06%, 95%CI: 26.85–41.26%), followed by Thailand (18.19%, 95%CI: 13.86–22.51%), and Cambodia (10.48%, 95%CI: 5.52–15.45%). Myanmar and Vietnam had limited data sources for *** sinensis infection in GMS was 25.33% (95%CI: 18.32–32.34%), with Guangxi, China, exhibiting the highest prevalence rates at 26.89% (95%CI: 18.34–35.43%), while Vietnam had a prevalence rate of 20.30% (95%CI: 9.13–31.47%).O. viverrini prevalence decreased signi

关键词： Opisthorchis viverrini Clonorchis sinensis Great Mekong subregion Human Meta-analysis

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Chromatin condensation but not DNA integrity of pig sperm is greater in the sperm-rich fraction

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 171-181页

作者： Estel Viñolas-Vergés Jordi Ribas-Maynou Isabel Barranco Camila Peres Rubio Sergi Bonet Jordi Roca Marc Yeste Unit of Cell Biology Department of BiologyFaculty of SciencesUniversity of GironaGironaSpain Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction(TechnoSperm) Institute of Food and Agricultural TechnologyUniversity of GironaGironaSpain Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of MurciaMurciaSpain Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA) S08010 BarcelonaSpain

Background Protamination and condensation of sperm chromatin as well as DNA integrity play an essential role during fertilization and embryo *** some mammals,like pigs,ejaculates are emitted in three separate fractions:pre-sperm,sperm-rich(SRF)and post sperm-rich(PSRF).These fractions are known to vary in volume,sperm concentration and quality,as well as in the origin and composition of seminal plasma(SP),with differences being also observed within the SRF ***,whether disparities in the DNA integrity and chromatin condensation and pro-tamination of their sperm exist has not been *** This study determined chromatin protamination(Chromomycin A3 test,CMA_(3)),condensation(Dibromobi-mane test,DBB),and DNA integrity(Comet assay)in the pig sperm contained in the first 10 m L of the SRF(SRF-P1),the remaining portion of the sperm-rich fraction(SRF-P2),and the post sperm-rich fraction(PSRF).While chromatin protamination was found to be similar between the different ejaculate fractions(P>0.05),chromatin condensation was seen to be greater in SRF-P1 and SRF-P2 than in the PSRF(P=0.018 and P=0.004,respectively).Regarding DNA integrity,no differences between fractions were observed(P>0.05).As the SRF-P1 has the highest sperm concentra-tion and ejaculate fractions are known to differ in antioxidant composition,the oxidative stress index(OSi)in SP,calcu-lated as total oxidant activity divided by total antioxidant capacity,was tested and confirmed to be higher in the SRF-P1 than in SRF-P2 and PSRF(0.42±0.06 vs.0.23±0.09 and 0.08±0.00,respectively;P<0.01);this index,in addition,was observed to be correlated to the sperm concentration of each fraction(Rs=0.973;P<0.001).Conclusion While sperm DNA integrity was not found to differ between ejaculate fractions,SRF-P1 and SRF-P2 were observed to exhibit greater chromatin condensation than the *** could be related to the OSi of each fraction.

关键词： Chromatin Condensation DNA integrity Ejaculate fractions Pig Protamination Sperm

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