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Evolution of Viral Load in Patients Infected with HIV-1 at Point G university Hospital

Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 66-76页

作者： A. Maiga D. Kone D. M. Coulibaly Ag M. Baraika A. Traore S. S. Diakite I. I. Maiga I. Konate A. I. Maiga faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of bamako (FMOS) University of Science of Technical and Technology De Bamako Bamako Mali Laboratory of Medical Biology and Hospital Hygiene of Point-G university Hospital Bamako Mali faculty of pharmacy of bamako (FaPh) University of Science of Technical and Technology De Bamako Bamako Mali Laboratory of the Luxembourg Mother-Child Hospital Bamako Mali National Institute of Public Health Bamako Mali National Institute for Training in Health sciences Bamako Mali Laboratory of the Kati university Hospital Center Bamako Mali Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department of Point-G university Hospital Bamako Mali Laboratory of CHU Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali

Introduction: HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus, is the etiological agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of the viral load in patients under treatment. Methodology: This was a study carried out from July 2017 to June 2022 at the Point G university Hospital laboratory. The determination of the viral load of patients was carried out by PCR on the ABOTT M2000sp/rt platform. Results: A total of 129 patients infected with HIV-1, aged 19 to 72 years with a mean age of 40.05 years ± 10.71;all on antiretroviral chemotherapy. The female gender predominated among our patients. The most common treatment regimen was 2INTI + 1INNTI with 72.9% followed by 2INTI + 1INI with 13.2%. As for the combinations of molecules, the combination TDF + 3TC + EFV and TDF + 3TC + DTG predominated, respectively 65.1% and 13.2%. 89.9% of our patients had undetectable viremia after 12 months of treatment (p < 0.005) with an average viral load which had evolved from 681315.65 copies/ml ± 1616908.484 to M0 at 5742.36 copies /ml ± 35756.883 at M12 (p Conclusion: Generally speaking, antiretroviral treatment had contributed to controlling viral loads, however the therapeutic combination TDF + 3TC + DTG had made it possible to obtain more patients with undetectable viremia instead.

关键词： HIV-1 Treatment Viral Load Point G university Hospital

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Bioactivities,Mechanisms,Production,and Potential Application of Bile Acids in Preventing and Treating Infectious Diseases

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 13-26页

作者： Shuang Liu Shuo Yang Biljan Blazekovic Lu Li Jidan Zhang Yi Wang Experimental Research Center China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China faculty of pharmacy and Biochemistry University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

Infectious diseases are a global public health problem,with emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases on the rise ***,their prevention and treatment are still major *** acids are common metabolites in both hosts and microorganisms that play a significant role in controlling the metabolism of lipids,glucose,and *** acids have historically been utilized as first-line,valuable therapeutic agents for related metabolic and hepatobiliary ***,bile acids are the major active ingredients of cow bezoar and bear bile,which are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)with the therapeutic effects of clearing heat,detoxification,and relieving wind and *** recent years,the promising performance of bile acids against infectious diseases has attracted attention from the scientific *** paper reviews for the first time the biological activities,possible mechanisms,production routes,and potential applications of bile acids in the treatment and prevention of infectious *** with previous reviews,we comprehensively summarize existing studies on the use of bile acids against infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms that are leading causes of global morbidity and *** addition,to ensure a stable supply of bile acids at affordable prices,it is necessary to clarify the biosynthesis of bile acids in vivo,which will assist scientists in elucidating the accumulation of bile acids and discovering how to engineer various bile acids by means of chemosynthesis,biosynthesis,and chemoenzymatic ***,we explore the current challenges in the field and recommend a development strategy for bile-acid-based drugs and the sustainable production of bile *** presented studies suggest that bile acids are potential novel therapeutic agents for managing infectious diseases and can be artificially synthesized in a sustainable way.

关键词： Bile acids Infectious diseases Bioactivities Mechanisms Anti-infective agents

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Improving the nutritional values of yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor(Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae as an animal feed ingredient: a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 35-52页

作者： Linggawastu Syahrulawal Magnhild Oust Torske Rumakanta Sapkota Geir Næss Prabhat Khanal Animal Science Production and Welfare DivisionFaculty of Biosciences and AquacultureNord UniversitySkolegata 22Steinkjer 7713Norway Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Technical SciencesAarhus UniversityFrederiksborgvej 399Roskilde 4000Denmark

Yellow mealworm larvae(YML;Tenebrio molitor) are considered as a valuable insect species for animal feed due to their high nutritional values and ability to grow under different substrates and rearing conditions. Advances in the understanding of entomophagy and animal nutrition over the past decades have propelled research areas toward testing multiple aspects of YML to exploit them better as animal feed sources. This review aims to summarize various approaches that could be exploited to maximize the nutritional values of YML as an animal feed ingredient. In addition, YML has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial or bioactive agent to improve animal health and immune function in production animals. The dynamics of the nutritional profile of YML can be influenced by multiple factors and should be taken into account when attempting to optimize the nutrient contents of YML as an animal feed ingredient. Specifically, the use of novel land-based and aquatic feeding resources, probiotics, and the exploitation of larval gut microbiomes as novel strategies can assist to maximize the nutritional potential of YML. Selection of relevant feed supplies, optimization of ambient conditions, the introduction of novel genetic selection procedures, and implementation of effective post-harvest processing may be required in the future to commercialize mealworm production. Furthermore, the use of appropriate agricultural practices and technological improvements within the mealworm production sector should be aimed at achieving both economic and environmental sustainability. The issues highlighted in this review could pave the way for future approaches to improve the nutritional value of YML.

关键词： Alternative protein source Feed application Nutritional value Yellow mealworm

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Customized scaffolds for large bone defects using 3D‑printed modular blocks from 2D‑medical images

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 74-87页

作者： Anil AAcar Evangelos Daskalakis Paulo Bartolo Andrew Weightman Glen Cooper Gordon Blunn Bahattin Koc faculty of Engineering and Natural sciences Sabanci UniversityIstanbul 34956Türkiye D Bioprinting Laboratory Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterIstanbul 34956Türkiye School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of pharmacy and Biomedical sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12UPUK

Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the design and manufacturing of patient-specific,three-dimensional(3D),complex porous structures known as scaffolds for tissue engineering *** use of advanced image acquisition techniques,image processing,and computer-aided design methods has enabled the precise design and additive manufacturing of anatomically correct and patient-specific implants and ***,these sophisticated techniques can be timeconsuming,labor-intensive,and ***,the necessary imaging and manufacturing equipment may not be readily available when urgent treatment is needed for trauma *** this study,a novel design and AM methods are proposed for the development of modular and customizable scaffold blocks that can be adapted to fit the bone defect area of a *** modular scaffold blocks can be combined to quickly form any patient-specific scaffold directly from two-dimensional(2D)medical images when the surgeon lacks access to a 3D printer or cannot wait for lengthy 3D imaging,modeling,and 3D printing during *** proposed method begins with developing a bone surface-modeling algorithm that reconstructs a model of the patient’s bone from 2D medical image measurements without the need for expensive 3D medical imaging or *** algorithm can generate both patient-specific and average bone ***,a biomimetic continuous path planning method is developed for the additive manufacturing of scaffolds,allowing porous scaffold blocks with the desired biomechanical properties to be manufactured directly from 2D data or *** algorithms are implemented,and the designed scaffold blocks are 3D printed using an extrusion-based AM *** and instructions are also provided to assist surgeons in assembling scaffold blocks for the self-repair of patient-specific large bone defects.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Modular scaffolds Large bone defect Customized scaffold design Patient-specific scaffolds

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Principles of Technology for Bottling Medicinal Mineral Waters of Sairme Using the Example of Source №3a

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第4期15卷 135-138页

作者： Irina Nikolaishvili Giorgi Kvartskava faculty of Agriculture sciences and Bio-Systems Engineering Georgian Technical University Tbilisi Georgia

Sairme mineral water, one of the famous mineral waters in Georgia, is renowned for its exceptional healing properties. The distinctiveness and therapeutic benefits of the naturally sourced mineral water, known as “Sairme”, stem from its rich array of microelements, notably including iron and manganese. Since 1948, the bottling of Sairme mineral water has been a prominent activity. Named after the Sairme deposit, this mineral water is packaged in various formats to cater to diverse consumer preferences. The bottling process involves transporting the mineral water from wells to the bottling plant through pipelines. Prior to bottling, the mineral water undergoes meticulous processing stages in adherence to current Georgian and international regulations. This process ensures that the concentration of trace elements in the bottled water is minimized, maintaining its purity and quality. Given the importance of preserving the microelements present in bottled mineral water, our research is dedicated to optimizing the technological process. Our objective is to safeguard the valuable microelements while ensuring the highest standards of quality and safety in the final product.

关键词： Sairme Mineral Water Deposit Oxidation-Reduction Potential Trace Elements Chemical Composition Seasonality

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Diuretic Activity of Ethanol Extract of Piper attenuatum Leaves Might Be Due to the Inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme:An in vivo and in silico Investigation

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Clinical Complementary Medicine and Pharmacology 2024年第1期4卷 62-68页

作者： Shikha Sharma Gaurav Kumar Nitin Kumar Neeraj K.Sethiya Dheeraj Bisht Department of Pharmaceutical sciences Lords UniversityAlwarRajasthan 301028India Navsahyadri Institute of pharmacy NasrapurPuneMaharashtra 412213India faculty of pharmacy DIT UniversityMussoorie Diversion RoadDehradunUttarakhand 248009India Devsthali Vidyapeeth College of pharmacy(Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand technical university Dehradun)LalpurRudrapurUttarakhand 263148India

Background:Ayurvedic system of medicine is well established for prevention and treatment of renal *** are vast number of medicinal plants mentioned in Ayurvedic system of medicine,including Piper attenuatum Buch.-*** Miq.,which has been known to exhibit diuretic ***:To investigate possible mechanism and diuretic activity of ethanol extract of *** ***:Present study reports an in vivo diuretic activity of ethanol extracts of *** ***-four Sprague-Dawley male rats were deprived from food and water for 20 h,followed by being divided into four groups to receive normal saline,Furosemide,and two doses of the ethanol extract,***,the ethanol extract were subjected for prelimnary phytochemical screening test,and analytical investigation was performed via high-performance thin-layer chromatography(HPTLC),followed by effectiveness exploration of putative bioactive compounds from *** against human carbonic anhydrase(hCA)enzyme using molecular docking ***:During phytochemicals screening,several groups of compounds such as amides,terpenoids,proteins,flavonoids,and glycosides have been ***,HPTLC reveals presence of carbohydrates,proteins,amino acids,steroids,alkaloids,flavonoids,tannins,glycosides,and *** diuretic action was revealed for both 200 mg/kg bw and 400 mg/kg bw of ethanol extract of *** ***,molecular docking analysis demonstrated greater binding affinity of compounds such as Cepharadione A,Nor-cepharadione B,Galbelgin,Crotepoxide,and Pipoxide chlorohydrin out of total 23 studied compounds against hCA isoforms(a key biomarker for diuretic)and score is comparable with standard drug ***:It was concluded from the present studies that ethanol extract of *** leaves exhibits signifi-cant diuretic *** activity may be correlated due to the presence of Cepharadione A,Norcepharadion

关键词： Piper attenuatum Diuretic activity Phytochemicals In silico and molecular docking

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Overall Assessment of Heat Transfer for a Rarefied Flow in a Microchannel with Obstacles Using Lattice Boltzmann Method

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工程与科学中的计算机建模(英文) 2024年第1期138卷 273-299页

作者： Siham Hammid Khatir Naima Omolayo M.Ikumapayi Cheikh Kezrane Abdelkrim Liazid Jihad Asad Mokdad Hayawi Rahman Farhan Lafta Rashid Naseer Ali Hussien Younes Menni Laboratory of Development in Mechanics and Materials(LDMM) Zian Achour UniversityDjelfaPB 3117Algeria Department of Technology University Center Salhi Ahmed Naama(Ctr.Univ.Naama)P.O.Box 66Naama45000Algeria Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Afe Babalola university Ado Ekiti360101Nigeria Departement of Physics Faculty of ScienceAbou Bekr Belkaid UniversityTlemcen13000Algeria Department of Physics Faculty of Applied SciencesPalestine Technical University-KadoorieTulkarmPalestine Aeronautical technical Engineering Al-Farahidi UniversityBaghdad10011Iraq Mechanical Engineering Department University of KerbalaKarbala56001Iraq Information and Communication Technology Research Group Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq National university of Science and Technology Dhi QarIraq

The objective of this investigation is to assess the effect of obstacles on numerical heat transfer and fluid flow momentum in a rectangular microchannel(MC).Two distinct configurations were studied:one without obstacles and the other with alternating obstacles placed on the upper and lower *** research utilized the thermal lattice Boltzmann method(LBM),which solves the energy and momentum equations of fluids with the BGK approximation,implemented in a Python coding *** jump and slip velocity conditions were utilized in the simulation for the MC and extended to all obstacle *** study aims to analyze the rarefaction effect,with Knudsen numbers(Kn)of 0.012,0.02,and *** outcomes indicate that rarefaction has a significant impact on the velocity and temperature *** presence of nine obstacles led to slower fluid movement inside the microchannel MC,resulting in faster cooling at the *** MCs with obstacles,the rarefaction effect plays a crucial role in decreasing the Nusselt number(Nu)and skin friction coefficient(Cf).Furthermore,the study demonstrated that the obstacles played a crucial role in boosting fluid flow and heat transfer in the *** findings suggest that the examined configurations could have potential applications as cooling technologies in micro-electro-mechanical systems and microdevice applications.

关键词： Microfluid rarefied flow LBM microchannel Knudsen number numerical simulation

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Preliminary Research Study for Antibiotics in Eggs Produced and Sold in bamako, Mali

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Food and Nutrition sciences 2022年第3期13卷 252-258页

作者： Dalané Bernadette Coulibaly Mohamed El Béchir Naco Dougoutigui Tangara Fatoumata Tata Sow Fanta Kaba Camara Hamadoun Abba Toure Madani Mariko Blaise Dackouo Seydou Moussa Coulibaly Benoit Yaranga Koumare faculty of pharmacy of bamako/university of technical and technological sciences of bamako Bamako Mali National Health Laboratory Bamako Mali National Food Safety Agency Bamako Mali

The quality of agri-food products, in particular those of poultry origin, has now become an imperative. Because of the antibiotics used in poultry production, we are seeing the presence of antibiotic residues in products from poultry farming, especially eggs. Residues in eggs do not always comply with regulatory requirements, which can have harmful consequences for consumers such as: risk of allergies or risk of antibiotic resistance. This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the presence of residues of veterinary antibiotics in eggs produced and marketed in the district of bamako and surroundings. All samples were analyzed using the Premi ®Test which is a rapid detection kit for antibiotic residues in different materials. We collected 900 eggs from 10 farms and 10 markets in bamako. Out of 900 eggs, 228 were tested. One hundred and eighty-nine (189) eggs tested negative for the presence of antibiotic residues, i.e. 82.9%;on the other hand, 39 were positive, i.e. 17.1%. This study clearly shows the presence of antibiotic residues in eggs from farms and various markets in bamako and the surrounding area. This will allow us to continue our study at a later date to identify the types of antibiotic and to dose them.

关键词： Antibiotic Residues Eggs Mali

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Detection of onset of agglomeration in a bubbling fluidized bed biomass combustor using reactive Eulerian computational fluid dynamics

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 504-515页

作者： Abdullah Tasleem Atta Ullah Fei Li Qun Yi William Nimmo Syed Sheraz Daood Department of Chemical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)Lehtrar RoadP.O.Nilore45650IslamabadPakistan Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering and pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China Energy Engineering Group Energy 2050Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS37RDUnited Kingdom Institute of Energy and Environmental Engineering Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan Energy Engineering Research and Development Centre Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan

The choice of a type of combustion technology to be used for heat or power generation depends on economic,technical,operational and fuel availability *** benefits associated with the evolving market driven by the fluidised bed combustion(FBC)technology cannot be overlooked especially when gauged at 65 GWth of worldwide installed capacity alongside added benefits of handling fuel variation,low pollutant emissions and high combustion *** or biomass waste will continue to have a vital role to play in the future FBC technology-based power *** often contains high levels of inorganic species that can form sticky agglomerates posing a significant risk to boiler operation resulting in unscheduled *** added complexity of the behaviour of the fuel and bed material mix highlights the requirement for simulation models to identify agglomeration to help improve the overall performance and reliability of FBC *** resolve this problem,this research devised a simulation strategy for the detection of agglomeration using the Eulerian–Eulerian *** developed modelling strategy is validated with the experimental data available in literature for two-dimensional simplified geometry of a pilot-scale fluidised bed *** model results were found promising and robust to predict bed defluidisation times and other parameters consistent with the experimental data.

关键词： Fluidized bed combustion Eulerian Models Biomass Agglomeration Defluidisation

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Ternary layered boride MoAlB:A novel thermo-regulation microwave absorbing ceramic material

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 699-710页

作者： Zhangjue Wang Fan Zhang Nannan Wang Wei Li Yongqiang Chen Hailong Wang Rui Zhang Yanqiu Zhu Bingbing Fan School of Material Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Henan Academy of sciences Zhengzhou 450046China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life Cycle Safety for Composite Structures MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals MaterialsSchool of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Department of Materials and Earth sciences Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany School of Material Science and Engineering Luoyang Institute of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China Department of Engineering Faculty of EnvironmentScience and EconomyUniversity of ExeterExeter EX44QFUK

In the context of the fifth-generation(5G)smart era,the demand for electromagnetic wave(EMW)-absorbing materials has become increasingly prominent,so it is necessary to explore promising candidate *** work focuses on the exploration of the material absorbing properties of a MoAlB MAB(MAB represents a promising group of alternatives,where M stands for a transition metal,A typically denotes Al,and B is boron)phase ***,the first-principles calculations were performed to reveal the unique crystal and layered structure of the MoAlB ceramics and to predict their potential for use as an EMW absorption ***,a series of MoAlB ceramics were synthesized at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1300℃,and the influence of temperature on the phase compositions and microstructures of the obtained MoAlB ceramics was characterized and ***,the practical EMW absorption performance of the prepared MoAlB ceramics was evaluated via a combination of experiments and radar cross-sectional *** MoAlB sample synthesized at 900℃ exhibits superior EMW absorption performance,achieving an impressive minimum reflection loss(RL)of−50.33 *** unique layered structure and good electrical conductivity of the MoAlB samples are the main reasons for their enhanced wave absorption performance,which provides interfacial polarization and multiple dielectric loss ***,this study not only contributes to the understanding of the preparation of MoAlB materials but also provides potential guidance for their utilization in the realm of electromagnetic wave absorption.

关键词： MoAlB electronic band structure electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption layered ternary boride density of states

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