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Skeletal muscle mechanisms contributing to improved glycemic control following intense interval exercise and training

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运动医学与健康科学(英文) 2023年第1期5卷 20-28页

作者： Hashim Islam Jenna B.Gillen School of Health and Exercise sciences Faculty of Health and Social DevelopmentUniversity of British Columbia OkanaganKelownaBCCanada faculty of Kinesiology and physical Education University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

High-intensity and sprint interval training(HIIT and SIT,respectively)enhance insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in both healthy adults and those with cardiometabolic diseases.The beneficial effects of intense interval training on glycemic control include both improvements seen in the hours to days following a single session of HIIT/SIT and those which accrue with chronic training.Skeletal muscle is the largest site of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and plays an integral role in the beneficial effects of exercise on glycemic control.Here we summarize the skeletal muscle responses that contribute to improved glycemic control during and following a single session of interval exercise and evaluate the relationship between skeletal muscle remodelling and improved insulin sensitivity following HIIT/SIT training interventions.Recent evidence suggests that targeting skeletal muscle mechanisms via nutritional interventions around exercise,particularly with carbohydrate manipulation,can enhance the acute glycemic benefits of HIIT.There is also some evidence of sex-based differences in the glycemic benefits of intense interval exercise,with blunted responses observed after training in females relative to males.Differences in skeletal muscle metabolism between males and females may contribute to sex differences in insulin sensitivity following HIIT/SIT,but well-controlled studies evaluating purported muscle mechanisms alongside measurement of insulin sensitivity are needed.Given the greater representation of males in muscle physiology literature,there is also a need for more research involving female-only cohorts to enhance our basic understanding of how intense interval training influences muscle insulin sensitivity in females across the lifespan.

关键词： HIIT Insulin sensitivity Type 2 diabetes Nutrition Sex differences

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Generalised energy conservation law for chaotic phenomena

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2019年第6期35卷 1257-1268页

作者： Jing-Tang Xing faculty of engineering and physical sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK

Chaotic phenomena are increasingly being observed in all fields of nature,where investigations reveal that a natural phe nomenon exhibits nonlinearities and attempts to reveal their deep underlying mechanisms.Chaos is normally understood as“a state of disorder”,for which there is as yet no universally accepted mathematical definition.A commonly used concept states that,for a dynamical system to be classified as chaotic,it must have the following properties:be sensitive to initial conditions,show topological transitivity,have densely periodical orbits etc.Revealing the rules that govern chaotic motion is thus an important unsolved task for exploring nature.W e present herein a generalised energy conservation law governing chaotic phenomena.Based on two scalar variables,viz.generalised potential and kinetic energies defined in the phase space describing nonlinear dynamical systems,we find that chaotic motion is periodic motion with infinite time period whose time-averaged generalised potential and kinetic energies are conserved over its time period.This implies that,as the averaging time is increased,the time-averaged generalised potential and kinetic energies tend to constants while the time-averaged energy flows,i.e.,their rates of change with time,tend to zero.Numerical simulations on reported chaotic motions,such as the forced van der Pol system,forced Duffing system,forced smooth and discontinuous oscillator,Lorenz’s system,and Rossler's system,show the above conclusions to be correct according to the results presented herein.This discovery may indicate that chaotic phenomena in nature could be controlled because,even though their instantaneous states are disordered,their long-time averages can be predicted.

关键词： Chaos Generalised energy Generalised energy conservation Nonlinear dynamical systems Energy flow theory

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Effect of radiation on compressibility of hot dense sodium and iron plasma using improved screened hydrogenic model with𝑙splitting

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第3期30卷 225-236页

作者： Amjad Ali G Shabbir Naz Rukhsana Kouser Ghazala Tasneem M Saleem Shahzad Aman-ur-Rehman M H Nasim Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied SciencesIslamabad 45650Pakistan Department of nuclear engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied SciencesIslamabad 45650Pakistan

High pressure investigations of matter involve the study of strong shock wave dynamics within the materials which gives rise to many thermal effects leading to dissociation of molecules,ionization of atoms,and radiation emission,etc.The response of materials experiencing a strong shock can be determined by its shock Hugoniot calculations which are frequently applied in numerical and experimental studies in inertial confinement fusion,laboratory astrophysical plasma,etc.These studies involve high energy density plasmas in which the radiation plays an important role in determining the energy deposition and maximum compressibility achieved by the shock within material.In this study,we present an investigation for the effect of radiation pressure on the maximum compressibility of the material using shock Hugoniot calculations.In shock Hugoniot calculations,an equation of state(EOS)is developed in which electronic contributions for EOS calculations are taken from an improved screened hydrogenic model with−l splitting(I-SHML)[High Energy Density Physics(2018)2648]under local thermodynamic equilibrium(LTE)conditions.The thermal ionic part calculations are adopted from the state of the art Cowan model while the cold ionic contributions are adopted from the scaled binding energy model.The Shock Hugoniot calculations are carried out for sodium and iron plasmas and our calculated results show excellent agreement with published results obtained by using either sophisticated self-consistent models or the first principle study.

关键词： self-consistent-field methods thermodynamics of plasmas average atom model shock Hugoniot calculation

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Amethod for sharing dynamic geometry information in studies on liquid-based detectors

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第2期32卷 101-111页

作者： Shu Zhang Jing-Shu Li Yang-Jie Su Yu-Mei Zhang Zi-Yuan Li Zheng-Yun You School of Physics Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China School of physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Sino-French Institute of nuclear engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Liquid-based detectors are widely used in particle and nuclear physics experiments.Because fixed method is used to construct the geometry in detector simulations such as Geant4,it is usually difficult to describe the non-uniformity of the liquid in a detector.We propose a method based on geometry description markup language and a tessellated detector description to share the detector geometry information between computational fluid dynamics simulation software and detector simulation software.This method makes it possible to study the impact of a liquid flow and non-uniformity on the key performance of a liquid-based detector,such as the event vertex reconstruction resolution.This will also be helpful in the detector design and performance optimization.

关键词： Liquid-based detector Geometry Simulation Geant4 Computational fluid dynamics

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Mechanical properties of(B_(4)C+Al_(2)O_(3))/Al neutron absorbing materials with various microstructures constructed by hot forging,rolling and extrusion

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Science China(Technological sciences) 2022年第5期65卷 1206-1209页

作者： ZAN YuNing LI XinNan ZHOU Cong LIU ZhenYu WANG QuanZhao XIAO BoLü MA ZongYi Key Laboratory of nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China nuclear Equipment Division Beijing Institute of Nuclear EngineeringChina Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Beijing100840China

Neutron absorbing materials(NAMs)are necessary in the nuclear industry for the storage and transportation of spent fuel.Among all the NAMs,B_(4)C/Al composites are widely used because of the specific neutron absorption capacity[1–4].Compared with traditional low-strength functional NAMs such as B_(4)C/1100Al and B_(4)C/6061Al,NAMs with enough high-temperature(350℃)strength are competent for further structural usage and exhibit huge advantages in the dry storage of spent fuel because of heat transfer ability and weight reduction[5].

关键词： absorbing strength enough

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Anisotropic Migration of Defects under Strain Effect in BCC Iron

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Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第7期34卷 164-167页

作者：高宁高飞王志光 Laboratory of Advanced nuclear Material Institute of Modern PhysicsLanzhou Department of nuclear engineering and Radiological sciences University of Michigan

The basic properties of defects （self-interstitial and vacancy） in/3CC iron under uniaxial tensile strain are investi- gated with atomic simulation methods. The formation and migration energies of them show different dependences on the directions of uniaxial tensile strain in two different computation boxes. In box-1, the uniaxial tensile strain a/ong the （1005 direction influences the formation and migration energies of the （1105 dumbbell but slightly affects the migration energy of a single vacancy. In box-2, the uniaxial tensile strain along the 〈111〉 direction influences the formation and migration energies of both vacancy and interstitials. Especially, a 〈110〉 dumbbell has a lower migration energy when its migration direction is the same or close to the strain direction, while along these directions, a vacancy has a higher migration energy. Aft these results indicate that the uniaxial tensile strain can result in the anisotropic formation and migration energies of simple defects in materials.

关键词： der BCC 110

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Dual Phase Renewable Fuel Combustion in an Atmospheric Gas Turbine Burner

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第3期32卷 1278-1291页

作者： AGWU Ogbonnaya RUNYON Jon GOKTEPE Burak CHONG TUNG Cheng NG Jo-Han GILES Anthony VALERA-MEDINA Agustin School of engineering Cardiff UniversityWales CF243AAUK China-UK Low Carbon College Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityLin'gang 201306China faculty of engineering and physical sciences University of Southampton MalaysiaIskandar Puteri 79100Malaysia

Expanding the fuel flexibility of continuous combustion systems to include multiphase fuel combustion offers additional support to combat the problem of energy security and,potentially,environmental pollution.In this study,apart from establishing stability limits and measuring post-combustion emissions,flames generated from simultaneous combustion of biodiesel and syngas were examined using C_(2)*and CH*chemiluminescence imaging to capture changes in the reaction zone.The proportion of syngas in the fuel mix was varied from 0 to 30%content(by energy contribution)while maintaining a total power output of 15 kW.The overall equivalence ratio was held at 0.7 in cases other than for determining the flammability range.The results indicate a reduction of stability limits as gas proportion in fuel blend increases.Also,chemiluminescence imaging of the two targeted species suggest a general reduction in reaction rate as well as reaction zone area and length with increase in gas ratio in the dual phase tests.Furthermore,emissions performance in the context of NOxand CO was investigated as liquid-to-gas ratios were altered.Conclusively,the study demonstrates the feasibility,limitations and potential benefits of multiphase renewable fuel combustion in a swirl-stabilised burner.

关键词： dual fuel gas turbine multiphase combustion

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Synthetic Time Series Generation Model for Analysis of Power System Operation and Expansion with High Renewable Energy Penetration

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第4期9卷 849-858页

作者： Rodrigo Palma-Behnke Jorge Vega-Herrera Felipe Valencia Oscar Nunez-Mata Energy Center Department of Electrical EngineeringFaculty of Mathematical and Physical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile Department of Electrical engineering University of AntofagastaAntofagastaChile School of Electrical engineering University of Costa RicaSan PedroCosta Rica

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources into current power systems has posed the challenge of adequately representing the statistical properties associated with their variable power generation. In this paper, a novel procedure is proposed to select a proper synthetic time series generation model for renewable energy sources to analyze power system problems. The procedure takes advantage of the objective of the specific analysis to be performed and the statistical characteristics of the available time series. The aim is to determine the suitable model to be used for generating synthetic time series of renewable energy sources. A set of indicators is proposed to verify that the statistical properties of synthetic time series fit the statistical properties of the original data. The proposal can be integrated into systematic tools available for data analysis without compromising the representation of the statistical properties of the original time series. The procedure is tested using real data from the New Zealand power system in a mid-term analysis on integrating wind power plants into the power system. The results show that the proposed procedure reduces the error obtained in analyzing power systems compared with reference models.

关键词： Time series analysis renewable energy source solar energy stochastic process statistical analysis wind energy

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On Fractional Differential Inclusion for an EpidemicModel via L-Fuzzy Fixed Point Results

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Computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2023年第11期137卷 1937-1956页

作者： Maha Noorwali Mohammed Shehu Shagari Department of Mathematics King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Physical SciencesAhmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria

The real world is filled with uncertainty,vagueness,and imprecision.The concepts we meet in everyday life are vague rather than precise.In real-world situations,if a model requires that conclusions drawn from it have some bearings on reality,then two major problems immediately arise,viz.real situations are not usually crisp and deterministic;complete descriptions of real systems often require more comprehensive data than human beings could recognize simultaneously,process and understand.Conventional mathematical tools which require all inferences to be exact,are not always efficient to handle imprecisions in a wide variety of practical situations.Following the latter development,a lot of attention has been paid to examining novel L-fuzzy analogues of conventional functional equations and their various applications.In this paper,new coincidence point results for single-valued mappings and an L-fuzzy set-valued map in metric spaces are proposed.Regarding novelty and generality,the obtained invariant point notions are compared with some well-known related concepts via non-trivial examples.It is observed that our principal results subsume and refine some important ones in the corresponding domains.As an application,one of our results is utilized to discussmore general existence conditions for realizing the solutions of a non-integer order inclusion model for COVID-19.

关键词： Hausdorff metric L-fuzzy set L-fuzzy set-valued map Caputo fractional differential inclusion COVID-19

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Effect of thermal load on performance parameters of solar concentrating photovoltaic:High-efficiency solar cells

Energy and Built Environment

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Energy and Built Environment 2022年第2期3卷 201-209页

作者： Ali.O.M.Maka Tadhg S O’Donovan Institute of Mechanical Process and Energy EngineeringSchool of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUnited Kingdom

The triple-junction solar cell is designed to exploit a wide range of the solar spectrum photons.These triple-layers consisting of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge,it is monolithically stacked,leading to high conversion efficiency.To describe and understand it’s operating behaviour,this paper presents a performance analysis of a triple-junction solar cell,based on estimation modelling.A model was developed to determine the performance characteristic of the solar cell.Hence,the J-V curve is characterising the performance of solar cells,which used to optimise and improve the design of the cells.It has been discussed the effects of thermal load related to cell temperature increases on the cell’s operating performance parameters.Cell temperature increases from 25 to 125℃ have resulted variances,which causes a significant decrease in efficiency to approximately−17%,open circuit voltage by−15%and fill factor by−4.5%.On the other hand,the current density slightly increased by+5.5%.Finally,ought to consider the thermal management while designing and developing solar CPV technology;therefore,it’s significant to improve cell efficiency and to maintain cell integrity from thermal damage.

关键词： Performance parameters Temperature rises Triple-junction solar cells Performance analysis Cell temperature

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