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Evaluation of aquifer hydraulic properties from resistivity and pumping test data in parts of Gwagwalada,Northcentral Nigeria

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Journal of Groundwater Science and engineering 2024年第3期12卷 309-320页

作者： ILUNGA Nyembwe AMADI Akobundu Nwanosike Gilbert NDATIMANA Nelson OKOT Raphal TSHIMANGA Muamba Department of Basic sciences Faculty of OilGas and Renewable EnergiesUniversity of KinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo Depalment of Geology School of Physical SciencesFederal Universily of TechnologyMinnaNigeria Congo Basin Water Resources Research Center(CRREBaC) University of Kinshasa(UNIKIN)KinshasaDemocratic Republic of the Congo Applied Hydrobiology Unit Department of Animal BiologyFederal University of TechnologyNiger StateMinna PMB 65920101Nigeria Center of Excellence in Bidiversity and Natural Resources Management University of RwandaP.O Box:512ButareHuyeRwanda Centre for Remote Sensing and GIS School of Natural Resources and Environmental StudiesUniversity of JubaSouth-Soudan Department of Natural Resources Management Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Kinshasa(UNIKIN)KinshasaDemocratic Republic of the Congo

Population upsurge in Gwagwalada increased water demand in the area,thereby stressing water resources in the *** properties in parts of Gwagwalada in North-Central Nigeria were therefore investigated using resistivity and hydrogeological *** water level measurements of hand dug wells were used to determine the groundwater flow direction for the area which coincides with the North East-South West joint *** rate pumping test was adopted for the research and 10 boreholes were *** weathered/fractured basement range from 7.5 m to 56.7 *** transmissivity values in the area ranged from 0.35 m^(2)/d to 3.63 m^(2)/d while the hydraulic conductivity range from 0.045 m/d to 0.18 m/*** Vertical Electrical Soundings(VES)were carried out on the *** geoelectric sections revealed four to five layers and the longitudinal conductance varied from 0.11Ω^(-1)to 0.37Ω^(-1).The results of the investigation characterized the groundwater potential in the study area into low and moderate while the aquifer protective capacity into weak and moderate *** efficacy of resistivity and pumping test data in quantifying aquifer properties has been established in this *** findings of this study shed light on the properties of ground water and aquifer protective capacity in the area,hence assist in the effective future groundwater resources exploitation.

关键词： Transmissivity VES Dar Zarrouk Parameters Groundwater Potential Aquifer Protective Capacity

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The Effect of a Liquid Cover on the Thermal Performance of a Salinity Gradient Solar Pond:An Experimental Study

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Energy engineering 2022年第1期119卷 17-34页

作者： Asaad H.Sayer Mohsin E.Al-Dokheily Hameed B.Mahood Haider M.Khadem Alasdair N.Campbell Department of Chemistry College of ScienceUniversity of Thi-QarThi-QarIraq Department of Chemical and Process engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK Department of Chemical and Biological engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK

SalinityGradient Solar Ponds(SGSPs)offer the potential to capture and store solar energy for use in a range of domestic and industrial activities in regions with high solar ***,the evaporation of water from these ponds is a significant problem that must be overcome for them to be deployed ***,two ponds were constructed in the city of Nasiriya,*** two ponds were cylindrical with a diameter of 1.4 m and a total depth of 1.4 *** water body in the two ponds was constructed with layer depths of 0.5,0.75 and 0.1 m for the lower convective zone(LCZ),non-convective zone(NCZ)and the upper convective zone(UCZ)*** of the two ponds was covered with a thin liquid paraffin layer(0.5 cm)to eliminate evaporation from the surface of the *** behavior of the standard SGSP and that of the covered pond with evaporation suppressed can be straightforwardly *** experimental units were run for six months from 1st of February to 31st of July *** was shown in the first instance that by covering the pond with a thin layer of paraffin,that evaporation could be *** results showed that for the conventional SGSP,the temperature of the LCZ reached a maximum of ca.76℃ while in the covered pond the temperature of the LCZ was consistently lower than that in the uncovered pond by approximately 5-6℃.The results also indicated that the temperature of the UCZ in the covered pond was higher than that in the uncovered pond by about 10℃ in the second half of the study ***,it was noted that on rainy days the paraffin layer was swept away from the surface;and this could hinder the implementation of thin liquid cover in the large SGSP.

关键词： Salinity gradient solar pond paraffin cover comparison study experimental technique

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Design of deformable mirrors for high power lasers

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High Power Laser Science and engineering 2016年第2期4卷 68-74页

作者： Stefano Bonora Jan Pilar Antonio Lucianetti Tomas Mocek CNR-IFN HiLASE Centre Institute of Physics AS CR Department of physical Electronics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in Prague

We present the workflow of the design, realization and testing of deformable mirrors suitable for high power diode pumped solid-state lasers. It starts with the study of the aberration to be corrected, and then it continues with the design of the actuators position and characteristic. In this paper, we present and compare three deformable mirrors realized for multi-J level laser facilities. We show that with the same design concept it is possible to realize deformable mirrors for other types of lasers. As an example, we report the realization of a deformable mirror for femtosecond lasers and for a CW CO_2 laser.

关键词： adaptive optics closed loop deformable mirror high power lasers

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Graphene foam resonators:Fabrication and characterization

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 225-229页

作者： Yahav Ben-Shimon Siva KReddy Assaf Ya'akobovitz Department of Mechanical engineering Faculty of Engineering SciencesBen-Gurion University of the NegevIsrael

Three-dimensional graphene foams(GFs)benefit from a large surface area and unique physical *** present here the first-ever miniaturized GF-based *** developed a simple yet reliable fabrication process,in which GFs are synthesized and assembled on a cavity to form suspended GF *** electrostatically excited these devices and analyzed their resonance and ring-down *** observed significant energy dissipation,as the quality factor of the devices was in the order of several ***,we investigated the influence of temperature on the operation of the devices and found that high temperatures mechanically soften the resonators but also considerably enhance energy ***,our devices demonstrated a mode-coupling of a resonance mode and a mode having twice its ***,this work paves the way toward the development of novel GF resonators that could be integrated into future devices,such as GF-based nano-electromechanical sensors,electrical circuits,and oscillators.

关键词： energy dissipation graphene foam micro/nano electromechanical systems three-dimensional graphene resonators

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Enhancing betavoltaic nuclear battery performance with 3D P^(+)PNN^(+)multi-groove structure via carrier evolution

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第12期34卷 1-16页

作者： Hou‑Jun He Yun‑Cheng Han Xiao‑Yu Wang Yu‑Min Liu Jia‑Chen Zhang Lei Ren Ming‑Jie Zheng Hefei Institutes of physical Science Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of nuclear Science and engineering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China School of nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437100China

Betavoltaic nuclear batteries offer a promising alternative energy source that harnesses the power of beta particles emitted by *** satisfy the power demands of microelectromechanical systems(MEMS),3D structures have been proposed as a potential ***,this paper introduces a novel 3D^(63)Ni–SiC-based P^(+)PNN^(+)structure with a multi-groove design,avoiding the need for PN junctions on the inner surface,and thus reducing leakage current and power *** Carlo simulations were performed considering the fully coupled physical model to extend the electron–hole pair generation rate to a 3D structure,enabling the efficient design and development of betavoltaic batteries with complex 3D *** a result,the proposed model produces the significantly higher maximum output power density of 19.74μW/cm^(2) and corresponding short-circuit current,open-circuit voltage,and conversion efficiency of 8.57μA/cm^(2),2.45 V,and4.58%,respectively,compared with conventional planar *** analysis of the carrier transport and collection characteristics using the COMSOL Multiphysics code,we provide deep insights regarding power increase,and elucidate the discrepancies between the ideal and simulated performances of betavoltaic *** work offers a promising approach for the design and optimization of high-output betavoltaic nuclear batteries with a unique 3D design,and serves as a valuable reference for future device fabrication.

关键词： Betavoltaic nuclear battery High-output power density Three-dimensional structure Carrier drift–diffusion Carrier recombination Carrier collection efficiency

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Performance of real‑time neutron/gamma discrimination methods

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第1期34卷 102-110页

作者： Shi‑Xing Liu Wei Zhang Zi‑Han Zhang Shuang Lin Hong‑Rui Cao Cheng‑Xin Song Jin‑Long Zhao Guo‑Qiang Zhong School of Electronics Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China China nuclear Power engineering Co. LtdBeijing 100840China Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

nuclear security usually requires the simultaneous detection of neutrons and gamma *** the development of crystalline materials in recent years,Cs2LiLaBr6(CLLB)dual-readout detectors have attracted extensive attention from researchers,where real-time neutron/gamma pulse discrimination is the critical factor among detector performance *** study investigated the discrimination performance of the charge comparison,amplitude comparison,time comparison,and pulse gradient_(m)ethods and the effects of a Sallen–Key filter on their *** results show that the figure of merit(FOM)of all four methods is improved by proper *** them,the charge comparison method exhibits excellent noise resistance;moreover,it is the most_(s)uitable method of real-time discrimination for CLLB ***,its discrimination performance depends on the parameters t_(s),t_(m),and t_(e).When t_(s)corresponds to the moment at which the pulse is at 10%of its peak value,t_(e)requires a delay of only 640–740 ns compared to t_(s),at which time the potentially optimal FOM of the charge comparison method at 3.1–3.3 MeV is greater than *** FOM obtained using the t_(m)value calculated by a proposed maximized discrimination difference model(MDDM)and the potentially optimal FOM differ by less than 3.9%,indicating that the model can provide good guidance for parameter selection in the charge comparison method.

关键词： Charge comparison Maximized discrimination difference model Pulse filtering Real time n-γdiscrimination

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Application of deep learning methods combined with physical background in wide field of view imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 208-220页

作者： Ao-Yan Cheng Hao Cai Shi Chen Tian-Lu Chen Xiang Dong You-Liang Feng Qi Gao Quan-Bu Gou Yi-Qing Guo Hong-Bo Hu Ming-Ming Kang Hai-Jin Li Chen Liu Mao-Yuan Liu Wei Liu Fang-Sheng Min Chu-Cheng Pan Bing-Qiang Qiao Xiang-Li Qian Hui-Ying Sun Yu-Chang Sun Ao-Bo Wang Xu Wang Zhen Wang Guang-Guang Xin Yu-Hua Yao Qiang Yuan Yi Zhang School of Physics and Technology Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Ministry of Education The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University)Lhasa 850000China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of sciences 19 A Yuquan RoadShijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China School of Intelligent engineering Shandong Management UniversityJinan 250357China Tsung‑Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute Suzhou 215123China College of Physics Chongqing UniversityNo.55 Daxuecheng South RoadHigh‑tech DistrictChongqing 401331China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

The High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation(HADAR)experiment,which was constructed in Tibet,China,combines the wide-angle advantages of traditional EAS array detectors with the high-sensitivity advantages of focused Cherenkov *** objective is to observe transient sources such as gamma-ray bursts and the counterparts of gravitational *** study aims to utilize the latest AI technology to enhance the sensitivity of HADAR *** datasets and models with distinctive creativity were constructed by incorporating the relevant physical theories for various *** models can determine the type,energy,and direction of the incident particles after careful *** obtained a background identification accuracy of 98.6%,a relative energy reconstruction error of 10.0%,and an angular resolution of 0.22°in a test dataset at 10 *** findings demonstrate the significant potential for enhancing the precision and dependability of detector data analysis in astrophysical *** using deep learning techniques,the HADAR experiment’s observational sensitivity to the Crab Nebula has surpassed that of MAGIC and *** energies below 0.5 TeV and remains competitive with conventional narrow-field Cherenkov telescopes at higher *** addition,our experiment offers a new approach for dealing with strongly connected,scattered data.

关键词： VHE gamma-ray astronomy HADAR Deep learning Convolutional neural networks

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A Comparative study on generalized Manev potential and Newtonian potential in perturbed restricted four-body problem

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2023年第1期38卷 44-57页

作者： Jagadish Singh Omale Solomon Okpanachi Department of Mathematics Faculty of Physical SciencesAhmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria Department of engineering and Space Systems National Space Research and Development Agency(NASRDA)Obasanjo Space CentreAbujaNigeria

The motion of a test particle within the context of the restricted four-body problem(R4BP)driven by a new kind of potential,called the generalized Manev potential,with perturbations in the Coriolis and centrifugal forces is considered in this *** system possesses eight libration points which were distributed on its plane of motion in different manner from those of the usual Newtonian *** the case of the perturbed R4BP under Newtonian potential,where two of these librations are stable,all of them are unstable in linear sense under Manev *** found that a gradual perturbation in the centrifugal force causes the trajectories of motion to drift inward but the Coriolis force was proven to have no effect on the location of the libration points of the *** first order Lyapunov characteristic exponents,the dynamical behavior of the system is found *** experimented with a high velocity stellar system(82 ***)to establish the applicability of the model in astrophysics.

关键词： generalized Manev potential Coriolis force centrifugal force stability chaotic 82 G.Eridani

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MXene-Based Composites as Nanozymes in Biomedicine: A Perspective

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第12期14卷 447-463页

作者： Siavash Iravani Rajender S.Varma faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical sciences Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of SciencePalacky University in OlomoucSlechtitelu2778371 OlomoucCzech Republic

MXene-based nanozymes have garnered considerable attention because of their potential environmental and biomedical *** materials encompass alluring and manageable catalytic performances and physicochemical features,which make them suitable as(bio)sensors with high selectivity/sensitivity and ***-based structures with suitable electrical conductivity,biocompatibility,large surface area,optical/magnetic properties,and thermal/mechanical features can be applied in designing innovative nanozymes with area-dependent electrocatalytic *** the advances made,there is still a long way to deploy MXene-based nanozymes,especially in medical and healthcare applications;limitations pertaining the peroxidaselike activity and sensitivity/selectivity may restrict further practical applications of pristine ***,developing an efficient surface engineering tactic is still required to fabricate multifunctional MXene-based nanozymes with excellent *** obtain MXene-based nanozymes with unique physicochemical features and high stability,some crucial steps such as hybridization and modification ought to be ***,(nano)toxicological and long-term biosafety analyses along with clinical translation studies still need to be comprehensively *** very limited reports exist pertaining to the biomedical potentials of MXene-based nanozymes,the future explorations should transition toward the extensive research and detailed analyses to realize additional potentials of these structures in biomedicine with a focus on clinical and industrial *** this perspective,therapeutic,diagnostic,and theranostic applications of MXene-based nanozymes are deliberated with a focus on future per-spectives toward more successful clinical translational *** current state-of-the-art biomedical advances in the use of MXene-based nanozymes,as well as their developmental challenges and future prospects are also *** v

关键词： MXenes MXene-based nanozymes Therapeutics Diagnostics Theranostics

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A photon-controlled diode with a new signal-processing behavior

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National Science Review 2022年第8期9卷 110-117页

作者： Shun Feng Ruyue Han Lili Zhang Chi Liu Bo Li Honglei Zhu Qianbing Zhu Wei Chen Hui-Ming Cheng Dong-Ming Sun Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences School of physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech University School of Materials Science and engineering University of Science and Technology of China faculty of Materials Science and engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences

The photodetector is a key component in optoelectronic integrated circuits. Although there are various device structures and mechanisms, the output current changes either from rectified to fully-on or from fully-off to fully-on after illumination. A device that changes the output current from fully-off to rectified should be possible. We report the first photon-controlled diode based on a n/n-molybdenum disulfide junction. Schottky junctions formed at the cathode and anode either prevent or allow the device to be rectifying, so that the output current of the device changes from fully-off to rectified. By increasing the thickness of the photogating layer, the behavior of the device changes from a photodetector to a multifunctional photomemory with the highest non-volatile responsivity of 4.8 × 10~7A/W and the longest retention time of 6.5 × 10~6s reported so far. Furthermore, a 3 × 3 photomemory array without selectors shows no crosstalk between adjacent devices and has optical signal-processing functions including wavelength and power-density selectivity.

关键词： photon-controlled diode fully-off rectifying photomemory array

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