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Parkinson's disease: From genetics to molecular dysfunction and targeted therapeutic approaches

Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 786-798页

作者： Yue Huang Jun Wei Antony Cooper Margaret J.Morris China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China Department of Pharmacology School of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine&HealthUNSWSydneyNSW 2052Australia The Garvan Institute of Medical Research SydneyNSW 2010Australia St Vincent's Clinical School Faculty of Medicine&Healthand School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesFaculty of ScienceUNSWSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder in the elderly. As the pathogenesis of PD is still not fully understood, medications with the capacity of halting the disease progression are currently unavailable. The discovery of genes that are causative for, or increase susceptibility to PD is pivotal for the development of novel therapeutic approaches, as they are critical for the onset of PD and the molecular pathways underlying its pathogenesis. By reviewing relevant data, we discuss causative genes, and those associated with PD susceptibility and quantitative traits. Through Gene Ontology database and STRING analysis, we emphasize the roles of inorganic cation transmembrane transport pathways and hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis, in addition to the established roles of inflammation/oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of PD. It is hoped these insights 1) untangle the clinical complex presentations of PD, 2) reveal the interwoven molecular network leading to PD, and 3) identify critical molecular targets to facilitate novel PD drug discovery, with a view to providing improved consultation and personalized medicine for patients with PD in the future.

关键词： Drug discovery Genetics Molecular function Parkinson's disease Quantitative traits

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The effects of plyometric jump training on lower-limb stiffness in healthy individuals:A meta-analytical comparison

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第2期12卷 236-245页

作者： Jason Moran Bernard Liew Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo Urs Granacher Yassine Negra Helmi Chaabene School of Sport Rehabilitation and Exercise SciencesUniversity of EssexColchesterEssex CO43SQUK Department of Physical Activity sciences Universidad de Los LagosOsorno 5290000Chile Division of Training and movement Science University of PotsdamPotsdam 14469Germany Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saı¨d University of Manouba Tunis 2037Tunisia High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef University of JendoubaJendouba 8189Tunisia

Purpose:This study aimed to examine the effects of plyometric jump training(PJT)on lower-limb ***:Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed,Web of Science,and *** participants included healthy males and females who undertook a PJT programme isolated from any other training ***:There was a small effect size(ES)of PJT on lower-limb stiffness(ES=0.33,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.07-0.60,z=2.47,p=0.01).Untrained individuals exhibited a larger ES(ES=0.46,95%CI:0.08-0.84,p=0.02)than trained individuals(ES=0.15,95%CI:-0.23 to 0.53,p=0.45).Interventions lasting a greater number of weeks(>7 weeks)had a larger ES(ES=0.47,95%CI:0.06-0.88,p=0.03)than those lasting fewer weeks(ES=0.22,95%CI:-0.12 to 0.55,p=0.20).Programmes with2 sessions per week(ES=0.20,95%CI:-0.10 to 0.50,p=0.18).Programmes with500 jumps per week had negative effects(ES=-0.22,95%CI:-1.10 to 0.67,p=0.63).Programmes with>7.5 jumps per set showed larger effect sizes(ES=0.55,95%CI:0.02-1.08,p=0.04)than those with7 weeks).

关键词： Jumps Stretch shortening cycle Tendon

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A framework for coupled consolidation-desiccation behaviour of clay slurries

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第2期28卷 275-280页

作者： Faseel S.Khan Shahid Azam faculty of Engineering and Applied Science University of Regina

A framework is proposed to understand coupled consolidation-desiccation in clay slurries using effective stress and soil suction as state variables. Constitutive surfaces were derived from best-fit equations for reference curves where one state variable was kept at 1 kPa and the other was varied up to 10~6 *** indicated that volume compressibility comprises of apparent pre-consolidation up to 100 kPa beyond which a single best-fit curve is valid. Similarly, the theoretical virgin compression line(specific gravity dependant), indicated that both state variables have the same effect up to the air entry value(1000 kPa at a void ratio of 1.8) beyond which void ratio reduces more readily under effective stress than under soil suction. Likewise, hydraulic conductivity remained saturated up to the air entry value and varied from 10^(-9)m/s to 10^(-12)m/s. Finally, the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity correlated well with empirical relationship up to 10^(-14) m/s bevond which vapor flow became dominant.

关键词： Clay slurries Volume compressibility Hydraulic conductivity Constitutive surfaces

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Clonal variations in cone,seed and nut traits in a Pinus koraiensis seed orchard in Northeast China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 171-179页

作者： David Kombi Kaviriri Yuxi Li Dawei Zhang Hongtao Li Zuoyi Fan Jingyuan Wang Lianfu Wang Qi Wang Deqiu Wang Vincent L.Chiang Xiyang Zhao State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Forest Cultivation Center Linjiang Forestry Bureau of JilinLinjiang 134600People’s Republic of China Department of Natural Resources Management Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of KinshasaKinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo Department of Forestry Faculty of Agricultural SciencesSemuliki Offi cial UniversityBeniDemocratic Republic of Congo

Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis Siebold&Zucc.)in Northeastern China has been genetically improved to increase seed yields in addition to *** assess seed yield variability and select highly productive clones,14 cone,seed and nut traits were measured and *** analysis showed that all clones were signifi cantly different in various traits(P<0.01).Phenotypic coeffi cients of variation and repeatability of traits ranged from 9.1 to 34.4%and from 27.5 to 97.7%,*** for the cone layer and cone seed numbers,the other traits were positively or negatively *** principal components were identifi *** and nut traits were the most important traits in the fi rst principal component,and cone traits more important in the *** correlation and principal component analyses,cone number and other traits were selected to evaluate ***-two clones were selected using a selection rate of 10%based on cone number independently or other combined *** genetic gain for diff erent traits ranged from 6.2 to 24.3%.The selected elite clones can supply seedlings for reforestation and the selection method can provide a theoretical basis for selection in other conifer species.

关键词： Pinus koraiensis Clones Cone Seed Nut traits Principal component analysis

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Food supplementation by an invasive fleshy-fruited shrub sustains body condition of a native frugivorous bird during winter

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第3期14卷 259-269页

作者： Tobias Nicolas ROJAS David Lautaro VERGARA-TABARES Diego Javier VALDEZ Marina Flavia PONZIO Susana Inés PELUC Institute of Diversity and Animal Eology(IDEA-CONICET) National University of CórdobaCórdobaArgentina Institute of Health Science Research(INICSA-CONICET) Faculty of Medical SciencesNational University of CórdobaCórdobaArgentina faculty of Exacts Physics and Nature SciencesNational University of CórdobaCórdobaArgentina Instituto de Ecología Regional(IER-CONICET) National University of TucumánTucumánArgentina.

Birds tend to adjust their behavior and physiology to changes in food availability in their ***al fluctuation of food resources may act as an energetic challenge,augmenting hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPA axis)activity,leading to an increase in corticosterone concentrations and promoting the metabolism of energy *** invasions may alter seasonal food fluctuations by providing a food supply during scarce *** could attenuate the energetic challenge,reducing HPA axis activity and the metabolism of *** a system with seasonal fluctuation in food availability,we tested if fruit supplementation by the invasive fleshy-fruited Pyracantha angustifolia during the season of native fruit scarcity decreases the consumption of energy stores through activity attenuation of the HPA *** measured changes in body condition and circulating corticosterone(CORT)concentration in Turdus chiguanco occurring at sites both invaded and not invaded by *** over 3 time periods that correspond to the periods prior to,during and after highest fruit production of the *** scarcity in the ecosystem appears as an energetic challenge for ***co,given that body mass,fat score and residuals of body mass/tarsus length decreased during winter in a site not invaded by the exotic ***,the presence of the invasive plant seemed to attenuate the metabolism of energetic reserves,as we did not record changes in body condition in birds inhabiting the invaded ***,plasma CORT concentration did not vary between sites or *** evaluation is required to elucidate how enhanced body condition,resulting from the consumption of a fleshy-fruited invasive plant,affects survivorship and reproductive performance in ***.

关键词： biological invasion energetic reserves food fluctuation frugivory plasma corticosterone

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What is the most effective exercise protocol to improve cardiovascular fitness in overweight and obese subjects？

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第4期6卷 454-461页

作者： Eliane Aparecida Castro Ana Belen Peinado Pedro Jose Benito MercedeS Galindo Marcela Gonzalez-Gross Rocio Cupeiro Department of Health and Human Performance Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Universidad Polit~cnica de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain LFE Research Group Universidad PolitOcnica de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain faculty of Physical Activity and Sport sciences Universidad Politecnica de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain ImFINE Research Group Universidad PolitOcnica de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain

Background: Increased peak oxygen consumption(VO2 peak) can reduce cardiovascular risks associated with obesity. Our aim was to analyze the effect of a weight loss program on cardiovascular fitness in overweight(W) and obese(O) ***: One hundred and sixty-seven subjects(77 males and 90 females), aged 18–50 years, performed a modified Bruce protocol before(pre)and after(post) a weight loss program of 24 weeks. This program combined physical training(strength, S; endurance, E; combined strength + endurance, SE; or physical activity recommendation, PA) 3 times per week, with a 25%–30% caloric restriction ***: VO2 peak improved in overweight and obese males(pre and post values in L/min, respectively; W = 3.2 ± 0.6 vs. 3.7 ± 0.5, p < 0.001;O = 3.6 ± 0.6 vs. 3.8 ± 0.6, p = 0.013) as well as in overweight females(2.0 ± 0.3 vs. 2.3 ± 0.4, p < 0.001). VO2 peak in the first ventilatory threshold(VT1) increased for all 4 interventions in males(p < 0.05), except for S in the obese group(1.6 ± 0.2 vs. 1.7 ± 0.3, p = 0.141). In females, it increased in E(0.9 ± 0.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.3, p < 0.001), SE(0.9 ± 0.2 vs. 1.2 ± 0.4, p = 0.003), and PA(0.9 ± 0.1 vs. 1.2 ± 0.2, p = 0.006) in overweight groups. Time-to-exhaustion improved in all subjects except for females in PA group(15.7 ± 0.3 min vs. 15.9 ± 0.3 min, p = 0.495).Conclusion: Our results suggest that all methods, including the recommendation of physical activity, can improve cardiovascular fitness in overweight subjects and obese males.

关键词： Combined training Endurance training Obesity Oxygen consumption Physical activity Strength training Ventilatory threshold

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Differentiation of Fungal Destructive Behaviour of Wood by the White-Rot Fungus Fomes fomentarius by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第3期9卷 381-397页

作者： Ehsan Bari Antonio Pizzi Olaf Schmidt Siham Amirou Mohammad Ali Tajick-Ghanbary Miha Humar Department of Wood sciences and Engineering Technical Faculty of No.1Mazandaran BranchTechnical and Vocational University(TVU)SariIran Department of Industrial Chemistry ENSTIB-LERMABUniversity of LorraineEpinalFrance Department of Wood Biology University of HamburgHamburgGermany Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology College of Agronomic SciencesAgricultural and Natural Resources UniversitySariIran Department of Wood Science and Technology Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia

There are many methods to identify and recognize the molecular and behavioural differences between *** of the methods for the detection and identification of unknown organisms as well as intermolecular and intramolecular structural differences is MALDI-TOF mass ***,differentiation of Fomes fomentarius decay capabilities on the chemical properties of the wood cell wall of the tree species Quercus castaneifolia,Juglans regia,and Carpinus betulus were used to determine and characterize the destructive behaviour of *** decay by MALDI-TOF mass *** results showed that the fungus had more significant destructive behaviour on *** than the other *** this evidence,completely removal of xylan hemicellulose fragment+Na+at peak 1227 Da and severe digestion of fragment of glucomannan hemicellulose at peak 1477–1480 Da that it seems that signs of soft-rot patterns were obtained from the decayed sample of ***,while these were incremental and unchanged for *** and ***,***,*** had different peaks of atomic mass than *** and *** wood,*** results showed that this technique could be useful for separating and identifying unknown compounds of the wood cell wall attacked by fungi relying on their biological behaviour.

关键词： White-rot Fomes fomentarius MALDI-TOF fungal destructive behaviours

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Resource Allocation in Public Healthcare: A Team-DEA Model

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2018年第2期31卷 463-472页

作者： LAI Kin Keung CHEUNG Michael Tow FU Yelin Department of Management sciences City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong China Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong China

This paper combines the theory of teams and data envelopment analysis（DEA） to design a mechanism to optimally allocate resources in public healthcare. A statutory authority and the public hospitals under its governance are interpreted as a team, the members of which seek to operate efficiently under the shared institutional constraint that public healthcare is a public good. The individual public hospital exploits DEA to maximize own-payoff, subject to the team-condition that the payoff of each other public hospital does not fall and thereby subtract from the external effects created by the public supply of healthcare. The resulting team-DEA solution, which is shown to be both an individuallyefficient and team-satisficing equilibrium and to be computable in terms of a convergent algorithm, can then be applied by the authority to determine the optimal allocation of resources in public healthcare.A case based on Chinese data is presented to illustrate the team-DEA model＇s ready operationalization and computation.

关键词： Data envelopment analysis hospital authority public goods public healthcare resourceallocation mechanism teams.

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An extensive analytical and numerical study of the generalized q-deformed Sinh-Gordon equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第3期9卷 232-239页

作者： Khalid K.Ali Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityNasr-CityCairoEgypt Department of Physics College of SciencesUniversity of BishaPO Box 344Bisha 61922Saudi Arabia Physics Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityAssiut 71524Egypt

In this paper,the q-deformed Sinh-Gordon equation is solved analytically using a new general form based on the extended tanh *** numerical solutions of the equation is obtained using a b-spline finite element ***,we present numerous figures to demonstrate the various solitons propagation *** type of equation has not been previously dealt with in such ways,whether analytical or *** study is very useful in studying several physical systems that have lost their symmetry.

关键词： q-Deformed equation Solitos solutions The extended tanh method Finite element method q-Calculus

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Recreational team sports: The motivational medicine

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第2期7卷 129-131页

作者： Carlo Castagna Maysa de Sousa Peter Krustrup Donald T.Kirkendall School of Sport and Exercise sciences Faculty of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Rome Tor Vergata Fitness Training and Biomechanics Laboratory Technical DepartmentItalian Football Association Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-18Endocrinology DivisionSchool of MedicineUniversity of S?o Paulo Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC)University of Southern Denmark Sport and Health sciences Faculty of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Exeter James R.Urbaniak MDSport Sciences InstituteDuke University Medical Center

Remember way back when?When we were kids?We played games like soccer,basketball,rugby,and volleyball because they were *** we stayed with it long enough(and became good enough)we might have played competitively,where ... 详细信息

关键词：激发性运动娱乐橄榄球

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