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The influence of resistance exercise training prescription variables on skeletal muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults:An umbrella review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 47-60页

作者： Jonathan C.Mcleod Brad S.Currier Caroline V.Lowisz Stuart M.Phillips Department of kinesiology Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4L8Canada

Purpose:The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the impact of resistance training(RT)and individual RT prescription variables on muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults.Methods:Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,we systematically searched and screened eligible systematic reviews reporting the effects of differing RT prescription variables on muscle mass(or its proxies),strength,and/or physical function in healthy adults aged>18 years.Results:We identified 44 systematic reviews that met our inclusion criteria.The methodological quality of these reviews was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews;standardized effectiveness statements were generated.We found that RT was consistently a potent stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle mass(4/4 reviews provide some or sufficient evidence),strength(4/6 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and physical function(1/1 review provided some evidence).RT load(6/8 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),weekly frequency(2/4 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),volume(3/7 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and exercise order(1/1 review provided some evidence)impacted RT-induced increases in muscular strength.We discovered that 2/3 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence that RT volume and contraction velocity influenced skeletal muscle mass,while 4/7 reviews provided insufficient evidence in favor of RT load impacting skeletal muscle mass.There was insufficient evidence to conclude that time of day,periodization,inter-set rest,set configuration,set end point,contraction velocity/time under tension,or exercise order(only pertaining to hypertrophy)influenced skeletal muscle adaptations.A paucity of data limited insights into the impact of RT prescription variables on physical function.Conclusion:Overall,RT increased muscle mass,strength,and physical function compared to no exercise.RT intensity(load)and weekly frequency impacted RT-

关键词： Hypertrophy Resistance training Resistance training prescription variables Strength Umbrella review

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The effectiveness of physical activity interventions on blood pressure in children and adolescents:A systematic review and network meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 699-708页

作者： Mohamed A.Hassan Wanjiang Zhou Mingyi Ye Hui He Zan Gao School of kinesiology University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA Department of Methods and Curriculum Physical Education College for MenHelwan UniversityCairo 12552Egypt China Institute of Sport and Health Science Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of kinesiology Recreationand Sport StudiesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

Background:High blood pressure(BP)is a major contributor to mortality and cardiovascular diseases.Despite the known benefits of exercise for reducing BP,it is crucial to identify the most effective physical activity(PA)intervention.This systematic review and network meta-analysis(NMA)aimed to evaluate the available evidence on the effectiveness of various PA interventions for reducing BP and to determine their hierarchy based on their impact on BP.Methods:A search of PubMed,SPORTDiscus,PsycINFO,Web of Science,CINAHL,Cochrane,and Eric databases was conducted up to December 2022 for this systematic review and NMA.Randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies targeting healthy children and adolescents aged 6-12 years old were included in this study.Only studies that compared controlled and intervention groups using PA or exercise as the major influence were included.We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines.Three independent investigators performed the literature screening,data extraction,and risk of bias assessment.We used Bayesian arm-based NMA to synthesize the data.The primary outcomes were systolic BP and diastolic BP.We calculated the mean differences(MDs)in systolic BP and diastolic BP before and after treatment.Mean treatment differences were estimated using NMA and random-effect models.Results:We synthesized 27 studies involving 15,220 children and adolescents.PA combined with nutrition and behavior change was the most effective intervention for reducing both systolic BP and diastolic BP(MD=-8.64,95%credible interval(95%CI):-11.44 to-5.84;MD=-6.75,95%CI:-10.44 to-3.11),followed by interventions with multiple components(MD=-1.39,95%CI:-1.94 to-0.84;MD=-2.54,95%CI:-4.89 to-0.29).Conclusion:Our findings suggest that PA interventions incorporating nutrition and behavior change,followed by interventions with multiple components,are most effective for reducing both systolic BP and diastolic BP in children and adolescents.

关键词： Children Diastolic blood pressure physical activity Systolic blood pressure

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A scoping review of methodologies for applying artificial intelligence to physical activity interventions

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 428-441页

作者： Ruopeng An Jing Shen Junjie Wang Yuyi Yang Brown School Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130USA Department of physical education China University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083China School of kinesiology and Health Promotion Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Division of Computational and Data Sciences Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130USA

Purpose This scoping review aimed to offer researchers and practitioners an understanding of artificial intelligence(AI)applications in physical activity(PA)interventions;introduce them to prevalent machine learning(ML),deep learning(DL),and reinforcement learning(RL)algorithms;and encourage the adoption of AI methodologies.Methods A scoping review was performed in PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,and EBSCO focusing on AI applications for promoting PA or predicting related behavioral or health outcomes.AI methodologies were summarized and categorized to identify synergies,patterns,and trends informing future research.Additionally,a concise primer on predominant AI methodologies within the realm of PA was provided to bolster understanding and broader application.Results The review included 24 studies that met the predetermined eligibility criteria.AI models were found effective in detecting significant patterns of PA behavior and associations between specific factors and intervention outcomes.Most studies comparing AI models to traditional statistical approaches reported higher prediction accuracy for AI models on test data.Comparisons of different AI models yielded mixed results,likely due to model performance being highly dependent on the dataset and task.An increasing trend of adopting state-of-the-art DL and RL models over standard ML was observed,addressing complex human–machine communication,behavior modification,and decision-making tasks.Six key areas for future AI adoption in PA interventions emerged:personalized PA interventions,real-time monitoring and adaptation,integration of multimodal data sources,evaluation of intervention effectiveness,expanding access to PA interventions,and predicting and preventing injuries.Conclusion The scoping review highlights the potential of AI methodologies for advancing PA interventions.As the field progresses,staying informed and exploring emerging AI-driven strategies is essential for achieving significant improvements in PA interventions and fostering overall we

关键词： Artificial intelligence Intervention Machine learning Neural network physical activity

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Effects of mesenchymal stem cell on dopaminergic neurons,motor and memory functions in animal models of Parkinson's disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1584-1592页

作者： Jong Mi Park Masoud Rahmati Sang Chul Lee Jae Il Shin Yong Wook Kim Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of physical education and Sport Sciences Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea

Parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse the disease itself.Stem cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.Mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns,a lower risk of immune rejection,and a lower risk of teratogenicity.We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function,memory,and preservation of dopamine rgic neurons in a Parkinson’s disease animal model.We searched bibliographic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science)to identify articles and included only pee r-reviewed in vivo interve ntional animal studies published in any language through J une 28,2023.The study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95%confidence intervals(CI)of the standard mean differences(SMD)between the treatment and control groups.We use the systematic review center for laboratory animal expe rimentation’s risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment.A total of 33studies with data from 840 Parkinson’s disease model animals were included in the meta-analysis.Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational test.Among the stem cell types,the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed la rgest effect size(SMD[95%CI]=-6.21[-9.50 to-2.93],P=0.0001,I^(2)=0.0%).The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopamine rgic neurons in the striatum([95%CI]=1.04[0.59 to 1.49],P=0.0001,I^(2)=65.1%)and substantia nigra(SMD[95%CI]=1.38[0.89 to 1.87],P=0.0001,I^(2)=75.3%),indicating a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons.Subgro

关键词： animal animal experimentation mesenchymal stem cells models Parkinson’s disease stem cell transplantation

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Who could and should give exercise prescription:Physicians,exercise and health scientists,fitness trainers,or ChatGPT?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 368-372页

作者： Weimo Zhu Wenguang Geng Lingling Huang Xiong Qin Zezhao Chen Hai Yan Yunnan Plateau Thermal Health Industry Innovation Research Institute Tengchong 679100China Department of kinesiology&Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of physical education Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China School of Sports Engineering Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Strength and Conditioning Training Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China

Benefits of exercise for personal health,as well as preventing and treating chronic diseases,have been well documented during the past several decades.1 Exercise prescription is a specialized field that involves assessing an individual’s health status,fitness level,and specific goals to create a tailored exercise program based often on the FITT-VP principle.

关键词： prescription diseases assessing

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Changes in physical activity,sedentary behavior,and self-reported cognitive function in cancer survivors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic:A cross-sectional study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第6期12卷 653-663页

作者： Linda Trinh Allyson Tabaczynski Denise Bastas Alyssa R.Neville M.Lauren Voss Alexis Whitehorn faculty of kinesiology&physical education University of TorontoTorontoOT M5S 2W6Canada

Background physical activity(PA)and reductions in sedentary behavior(SED)may mitigate cancer-related cognitive impairment.The purpose of this study was to examine(a)the associations between changes in PA,SED,and cognitive function in cancer survivors before and during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic;and(b)clinical subgroups that moderate this association.Methods A cross-sectional survey was administered online to adult cancer survivors globally between July and November of 2020.This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey examining changes in self-reported PA and quality of life in cancer survivors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Self-reported Questionnaires assessed moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)using the modified Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire,cognitive function using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function(FACT-Cog)scale,and SED using the Domain-specific Sitting Time questionnaire.Cancer survivors were classified into no change in behavior,desirable change(i.e.,increase MVPA to meet PA guidelines or decrease SED by≥60 min/day),and undesirable change(i.e.,decrease MVPA to<150 min/week or increase SED by≥60 min/day).Analysis of covariance examined differences in FACT-Cog scores across the activity change categories.Planned contrasts compared differences in FACT-Cog scores between cancer survivors with(a)no meaningful change vs.any change,and(b)a desirable change vs.an undesirable change.Results There were no significant differences in FACT-Cog scores across activity-change categories in the full sample of cancer survivors(n=371;age=48.6±15.3 years(mean±SD)).However,cancer survivors who were diagnosed≥5 years ago(t(160)=–2.15,p=0.03)or who received treatment≥5 years ago(t(102)=–2.23,p=0.03)and who had a desirable change in activity reported better perceived cognitive abilities than those who had an undesirable change.Conclusion PA promotion efforts should consider reducing SED in addition to maintaining MVPA in long-term cancer survivors to miti

关键词： Cancer-related cognitive impairment Cancer survivorship Exercise Sedentary time

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A prospective microbiome analysis of the impact of physical exercise and blueberry supplementation on the gut microbiome of obesity-induced hypertensive in college students

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Zhen Cheng Rendong Li Tie Ma Aihua Xu Yuanyuan Bian Bin Li College of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural University physical education Department Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone The College of kinesiology Shenyang Sport University Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The First Hospital of China Medical University

The prevalence of high blood pressure is on the rise among younger individuals， and recent findings have linked exercise to changes in the diversity and configuration of gut microbiota. However， specific modifications to one's diet， such as incorporating blueberries while engaging in physical activity， can also influence this association. To explore the effects of exercise and blueberry consumption on gut bacteria， we conducted an eight-week study involving healthy and hypertensive college students. Our microbiome analysis revealed slight shifts in gut bacteria composition in response to increased physical activity， with significant changes in the diversity of the g＿[Eubacterium]＿eligens＿group observed in hypertensive college students who regularly consumed blueberries. Although exercise and blueberry supplementation had a negligible impact on the gut microbiota diversity of healthy college students， it significantly boosted the production of butyric acid bacteria in hypertensive young adults. These results suggest that the changes in gut bacteria variety and abundance brought about by blueberries may be tied to alterations in the body composition of patients with hypertension. This study aims to reveal the impact of blueberry on the hypertensive students from a unique perspective， suggesting the impact of taking blueberry while taking exercises.

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Carbon enhanced nucleophilicity of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3):A general approach for dendrite-free zinc metal anodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 203-212页

作者： Sijun Wang Lingzi Hu Xiaohui Li Dan Qiu Shunhang Qiu Qiancheng Zhou Wenwen Deng Xiaoying Lu Ze Yang Ming Qiu Ying Yu Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology School of Physical Science and TechnologyCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079HubeiChina School of Material Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215000JiangsuChina faculty of Science and Technology Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong KongHong KongChina

Zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity are both very important parameters to design novel Zn anode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).However,single material is difficult to exhibit zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity at the same time.Herein,originating from theoretical calculation,a zincophilic particle regulation strategy is proposed to address these limitations and carbon coated Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is taken as an example to be a protective layer on zinc metal(NVPC@Zn).Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)is a common cathode material for Zn-ion batteries,which is zincophilic.Carbon materials not only offer an electron pathway to help Zn deposition onto NVPC surface,but also enhance the zinc nucleophilicity of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3).Hence,this hybrid coating layer can tune zinc deposition and resist side reactions such as hydrogen generation and Zn metal corrosion.Experimentally,a symmetrical battery with NVPC@Zn electrode displays highly reversible plating/stripping behavior with a long cycle lifespan over 1800 h at2 mA cm^(-2),much better than carbon and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)solely modified Zn electrodes.When the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is replaced with zincophobic Al2O3or zincophilic V2O3,the stability of the modified zinc anodes is also prolonged.This strategy expands the option of zincophilic materials and provides a general and effective way to stabilize the Zn electrode.

关键词： Zinc-ion batteries Zinc anode Carbon enhanced nucleophilicity Zincophilic particle regulation

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Effects of Xiaoyao San on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in rat depression model

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 132-142页

作者： Weidi Zhao Cui Ji Jie Zheng Shi Zhou Junsheng Tian Yumei Han Xuemei Qin School of physical education Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Institute of Biomedicine and Health Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China physical Activity Sport and Exercise Research ThemeFaculty of HealthSouthern Cross UniversityLismore NSW2480Australia Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China School of Health Yantai Nanshan UniversityYantai 265706China

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Xiaoyao San(XYS), a herbal medicine formula, on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in a rat model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS).Methods: A total of 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group(C), CUMS control group(M), Venlafaxine positive treatment group(V), and XYS treatment group(X). Depressive behaviour and exercise capacity of rats were assessed by body weight, sugar-water preference test, open field test, pole test, and rotarod test. The liver mitochondria metabolomics were analyzed by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) method. TCMSP database and Gene Cards database were used to screen XYS for potential targets for depression, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed.Results: Compared with C group, rats in M group showed significantly lower body weight, sugar water preference rate, number of crossing and rearing in the open field test, climbing down time in the pole test,and retention time on the rotarod test(P < 0.01). The above behaviors and exercise capacity indices were significantly modulated in rats in V and X groups compared with M group(P < 0.05, 0.01). Compared with C group, a total of 18 different metabolites were changed in the liver mitochondria of rats in M group.Nine different metabolites and six metabolic pathways were regulated in the liver mitochondria of rats in X group compared with M group. The results of network pharmacology showed that 88 intersecting targets for depression and XYS were obtained, among which 15 key targets such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF were predicted to be the main differential targets for the treatment of depression. Additionally, a total of 1 553 GO signaling pathways and 181 KEGG signaling pathways were identified, and the main biological pathways were AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and calcium signaling pathway.Conclusion: XYS treatment could improve depressive symptom

关键词： depression exercise capacity liver mitochondrial metabolomics Xiaoyao San

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Can physical Activities Suppress Negative Impact of Stress on the Mental Health of Adolescents?

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第3期26卷 211-219页

作者： Tena Velki faculty of education Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of OsijekOsijek31000Croatia

Early adolescence is a crucial developmental phase marked by significant physical,cognitive,and socioemotional changes.While stress is widely recognized as a notable risk factor during this period,not all individuals experiencing stress concurrently manifest compromised mental health.The association between stress and mental health outcomes is influenced by individual differences in characteristics and coping strategies.This study’s purpose was to assess the negative impact of stress on mental health,specifically focusing on symptoms of anxiety,depression,and psychological distress.Additionally,the research investigates whether different levels of physical activity can suppress the negative effects of stress.A total of 212 upper elementary school students(52.8%girls and 47.2%boys)from rural and urban areas voluntarily participated in the research.Participants online self-assessed on several measures:The Young Person’s CORE,Children’s Anxiety Scale,Children’s Depression Inventory,School Stress Intensity Scale for Students,and physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children.The results revealed a significant increase in adolescents experiencing impaired mental health.More than two-thirds(67.5%)of students self-assessed significant symptoms of depression,additionally,57.5%of them had significant symptoms of psychological distress,and 27.8%had significant symptoms of anxiety.Stress demonstrated a significant direct negative effect,leading to increased symptoms of anxiety(t=5.35,p=0.00)and psychological distress(t=4.29,p=0.00);however,there was no significant influence on depression(t=1.33,p=0.18)).Regarding regular physical activity,a significant moderating effect was identified,effectively suppressing the negative impact of stress on anxiety(F=3.88(2,206);p=0.02).In contrast,no significant moderation effect of physical activity was found for symptoms of depression(F=1.45(2,206);p=0.24)and psychological distress(F=1.14(2,206);p=0.32),highlighting a complex and intricate association between physical activity and va

关键词： Mental health stress physical activity early adolescence

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