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Education and the Fourth Industrial Revolution:Lessons from COVID-19

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 951-962页

作者： Hussien Mohamad Alakrash Norizan Abdul Razak faculty of social sciences and humanities School of Language Studies and LinguisticsUniversiti KebangsaanMalaysia

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted educators to rethink educational practices,especially with regard to technology.The COVID-19 pandemic is a huge challenge to education systems around the world.This Viewpoint offers guidance to teachers,institutional heads,and officials on addressing the crisis.This study investigated technology use in teaching during the COVID-19 lockdown inMalaysia,focusing on technology-based teaching methods,modifications necessitated by this new teaching style,and challenges teachers faced when using technology.Using purposive sampling,a qualitative study was undertaken with a sample of 10 English language teachers from Arabic schools in Malaysia.The results indicated that a digital leap occurred in education during the COVID-19 lockdown because teachers had to quickly adapt to a more technology-based teaching style.The challenges teachers faced included managing virtual classes,ensuring reliable Internet connections,overcoming a lack of preparedness and low digital competence,and dealing with students’mental health.Such changes in teaching methods have created new roles for teachers while also increasing their acceptance of e-learning and remote learning.The contribution of this research is to provide a holistic picture of remote education activities during the pandemic period to establish a linkage between the online teaching-learning process during the COVID-19 outbreak as to ensure the resumption of teaching-learning education as a normal course of procedure in the education system.Despite the human suffering brought by the pandemic,the new norms of education during COVID-19 generally have some pockets of excellence to drive the education into the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

关键词： COVID-19 digital technology English education fourth industrial revolution Education 4.0

Resilience to the effects of social stress on vulnerability to developing drug addiction

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 24-58页

作者： Claudia Calpe-López Maria A Martínez-Caballero Maria P García-Pardo Maria A Aguilar Department of Psychobiology University of ValenciaValencia 46010Spain faculty of social and human sciences University of ZaragozaTeruel 44003Spain

We review the still scarce but growing literature on resilience to the effects of social stress on the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse.We define the concept of resilience and how it is applied to the field of drug addiction research.We also describe the internal and external protective factors associated with resilience,such as individual behavioral traits and social support.We then explain the physiological response to stress and how it is modulated by resilience factors.In the subsequent section,we describe the animal models commonly used in the study of resilience to social stress,and we focus on the effects of chronic social defeat(SD),a kind of stress induced by repeated experience of defeat in an agonistic encounter,on different animal behaviors(depression-and anxiety-like behavior,cognitive impairment and addiction-like symptoms).We then summarize the current knowledge on the neurobiological substrates of resilience derived from studies of resilience to the effects of chronic SD stress on depressionand anxiety-related behaviors in rodents.Finally,we focus on the limited studies carried out to explore resilience to the effects of SD stress on the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse,describing the current state of knowledge and suggesting future research directions.

关键词： Resilience Stress Depression Drug addiction Animal models social defeat

SGNR: A social Graph Neural Network Based Interactive Recommendation Scheme for E-Commerce

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清华大学学报:自然科学版(英文版) 2023年第4期28卷 786-798页

作者： Dehua Ma Yufeng Wang Jianhua Ma Qun Jin School of Communications and lnformation Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Department the Faculty of Computer and Information SciencesHosei UniversityTokyo 194-0298Japan Networked Information Systems Laboratory Department of Human Informatics and Cognitive SciencesFaculty of Human SciencesWaseda UniversityTokyo 169-8050Japan

Interactive Recommendation(IR)formulates the recommendation as a multi-step decision-making process which can actively utilize the individuals’feedback in multiple steps and optimize the long-term user benefit of recommendation.Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)has witnessed great application in IR for ecommerce.However,user cold-start problem impairs the learning process of the DRL-based recommendation scheme.Moreover,most existing DRL-based recommendations ignore user relationships or only consider the single-hop social relationships,which cannot fully utilize the social network.The fact that those schemes can not capture the multiple-hop social relationships among users in IR will result in a sub-optimal recommendation.To address the above issues,this paper proposes a social Graph Neural network-based interactive Recommendation scheme(SGNR),which is a multiple-hop social relationships enhanced DRL framework.Within this framework,the multiple-hop social relationships among users are extracted from the social network via the graph neural network which can sufficiently take advantage of the social network to provide more personalized recommendations and effectively alleviate the user cold-start problem.The experimental results on two real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed SGNR outperforms other state-of-the-art DRL-based methods that fail to consider social relationships or only consider single-hop social relationships.

关键词： Interactive Recommendation(IR) Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL) Graph Neural Network(GNN)

Feasibility of breaking up sitting time in mainstream and special schools with a cognitively challenging motor task

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 137-148页

作者： Emiliano Mazzoli Harriet Koorts Jo Salmon Caterina Pesce Tamara May Wei-Peng Teo Lisa Michele Barnett School of Health and social Development Faculty of Health Deakin University Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Faculty of Health Deakin University Department of Movement Human and Health Sciences Italian University of Sport and Movement "Foro Italico" School of Psychology Faculty of Health Deakin University

Background: Children spend 70% of the school day sitting in class. Classroom-based active breaks can benefit children's physical health, but if the breaks are cognitively demanding(i.e., combine physical exertion and mental engagement), they may also improve focus and cognitive functions. Teachers and students play a crucial role in the successful implementation of active breaks, and their perspectives are critical to the feasibility of these strategies. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of implementing a cognitively challenging motor task as an active break in mainstream and special primary schools.Methods: A total of 5 teachers in 2 mainstream schools and 7 teachers in 1 special school(attended by children with neurodevelopmental disorders) attended a 20-min training on how to implement a 4-min cognitively challenging active break, before conducting a feasibility trial(twice a day for 1 week). To understand individual perceptions, one-on-one semistructured interviews were conducted before and after the trial with teachers, and focus group interviews were conducted with typically developing children after the trial. Questions were based on a predefined framework for feasibility studies. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analyzed in NVivo 11 using a framework approach. A total of 12 teachers(11 females; 7 between 20 and 34 years old) and 34 children(16 girls; 9.3 § 1.7 years, mean § SD) participated in the interviews.Results: In mainstream schools, teachers viewed the cognitively challenging motor task as appropriate and potentially beneficial for children's health and focus. Children reported enjoying the active breaks. Teachers in special schools viewed the task as complex and potentially frustrating for children. In both school types, children's disruptive behavior and lack of time were seen as the main potential barriers to implementation. The use of music, videos, visual cards, and support staff were noted as potential facilitators.Conclusion: The cognitively challenging m

关键词： Active breaks Classroom Cognition Physical activity Sedentary behavior

Covid-19’s Pandemic Relationship to Saudi Arabia’s Weather Using Statistical Analysis and GIS

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第8期42卷 813-823页

作者： Ranya Fadlalla Elsheikh GIS Department Faculty of Social SciencesJeddah UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia School of Survey Faculty of EngineeringSudan University of Science and TechnologyKhartoumSudan

The eruption of the novel Covid-19 has changed the socio-economic conditions of the world.The escalating number of infections and deaths seriously threatened human health when it became a pandemic from an epidemic.It developed into an alarming situation when the World Health Organization(WHO)declared a health emergency in MARCH 2020.The geographic settings and weather conditions are systematically linked to the spread of the epidemic.The concentration of population and weather attributes remains vital to study a pandemic such as Covid-19.The current work aims to explore the relationship of the population,weather conditions(humidity and temperature)with the reported novel Covid-19 cases in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(KSA).For the study,the data for the reported Covid-19 cases was secured from 11 March 2020,to 21 July 2020(132 days)from the 13 provinces of KSA.The Governorate level data was used to estimate the population data.A Geographic information system(GIS)analysis was utilised to visualise the relationship.The results suggested that a significant correlation existed between the population and Covid-19 cases.For the weather conditions,the data for the 13 provinces of KSA for the same period was utilised to estimate the relationship between the weather conditions and Covid-19 cases.Spearman’s rank correlation results confirmed that the humidity was significantly linked with the reported cases of Covid-19 in Makkah,Aseer,Najran,and Al Baha provinces.The temperature had a significant relation with the reported Covid-19 cases in Al-Riyad,Makkah,Al-Madinah,Aseer,Najran,and Al-Baha.The inconsistency of the results highlighted the variant behavior of Covid-19 in different regions of the KSA.More exploration is required beyond the weather-related variables.Suggestions for future research and policy direction are offered at the end of the study.

关键词： Covid-19 GIS temperature spearman correlation humidity Saudi Arabia

Supporting nurse practitioner education:Preceptorship recruitment and retention

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International Journal of Nursing sciences 2018年第2期5卷 115-120页

作者： Eric Staples Esther Sangster-Gormley Independent Nursing Practice Consultant AncasterONCanada faculty of human and social Development University of VictoriaVictoriaBCCanada

Objectives:Clinical experience is an essential component of nurse practitioner(NP)education that relies heavily on preceptors.Recruitment and retention of preceptors is challenging due to many variables that can affect NP education and practice.We surveyed Canadian NP programs to understand their preceptorship structures,how they support preceptorship,and to identify gaps and challenges to recruitment and retention of preceptors.Methods:An 18-item survey,developed by the NP Education Interest Group,was distributed to 24 universities across 10 Canadian provinces.Construct validity and reliability was assessed by experienced NPs and NP faculty.Data were analyzed using relative frequency statistics and thematic analysis.Participants consisted of administrative staff and/or faculty designated as responsible for recruitment and retention of NP preceptors.Results:Seventeen returned surveys were analyzed and demonstrated more similarities than differences across Canada's NP programs,particularly related to barriers affecting recruitment and retention of preceptors.The findings identified NP programs have too many students for the number of available clinical sites/preceptors,resulting in overutilization,burnout,or refusal to take students.Competition with other health disciplines for clinical placements was identified as a challenge to placements.Respondents commented they lack time to recruit,provide follow-up,offer support,or seek preceptors'feedback due to competing work demands.They identified the need for standardized funding for preceptor remuneration and recognition across the country.Conclusion:The findings suggest the need for exploring a wider intraprofessional collaboration among graduate NP programs/faculty,clinical placement sites,and NPs to facilitate the recruitment and retention of preceptors.

关键词： nurse Canada retention

Perfectionism and mental health problems:Limitations and directions for future research

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第14期10卷 4709-4712页

作者： Nabi Nazari Department of Psychology Faculty of Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhorramabad 65065Iran

Research has indicated that perfectionism is prevalent among adolescents and may be harmful in terms of its association with mental health problems.This letter aims to create a paradigm for future studies of the perfectionism.Specifically,we suggest gaps and implications that must be considered at perfectionism future research in terms of assessments,interventions,settings,potential treatments,gender,and social media.

关键词： Perfectionism Adolescents Treatment Gender Mental health problems

Postnatal therapeutic approaches in genetic neurodevelopmental disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 414-422页

作者： Gilad Levy Boaz Barak The Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael The School of Psychological sciences Faculty of Social SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

Genetic neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by abnormal neurophysiological and behavioral phenotypes,affecting individuals worldwide.While the subject has been heavily researched,current treatment options relate mostly to alleviating symptoms,rather than targeting the altered genome itself.In this review,we address the neurogenetic basis of neurodevelopmental disorders,genetic tools that are enabling precision research of these disorders in animal models,and postnatal gene-therapy approaches for neurodevelopmental disorders derived from preclinical studies in the laboratory.

关键词： adeno-associated virus CRISPR-Cas9 developmental window genetic therapy mouse models neurodevelopmental disorders non-human primates preclinical studies

Personalized Real-Time Movie Recommendation System:Practical Prototype and Evaluation

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2020年第2期25卷 180-191页

作者： Jiang Zhang Yufeng Wang Zhiyuan Yuan Qun Jin Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NUPT) Nanjing 210003China Networked Information Systems Laboratory Department of Human Informatics and Cognitive SciencesFaculty of Human SciencesWaseda UniversityTokyo 163-8001Japan

With the eruption of big data,practical recommendation schemes are now very important in various fields,including e-commerce,social networks,and a number of web-based services.Nowadays,there exist many personalized movie recommendation schemes utilizing publicly available movie datasets(e.g.,MovieLens and Netflix),and returning improved performance metrics(e.g.,Root-Mean-Square Error(RMSE)).However,two fundamental issues faced by movie recommendation systems are still neglected:first,scalability,and second,practical usage feedback and verification based on real implementation.In particular,Collaborative Filtering(CF)is one of the major prevailing techniques for implementing recommendation systems.However,traditional CF schemes suffer from a time complexity problem,which makes them bad candidates for real-world recommendation systems.In this paper,we address these two issues.Firstly,a simple but high-efficient recommendation algorithm is proposed,which exploits users1 profile attributes to partition them into several clusters.For each cluster,a virtual opinion leader is conceived to represent the whole cluster,such that the dimension of the original useritem matrix can be significantly reduced,then a Weighted Slope One-VU method is designed and applied to the virtual opinion leader-item matrix to obtain the recommendation results.Compared to traditional clusteringbased CF recommendation schemes,our method can significantly reduce the time complexity,while achieving comparable recommendation performance.Furthermore,we have constructed a real personalized web-based movie recommendation system,MovieWatch,opened it to the public,collected user feedback on recommendations,and evaluated the feasibility and accuracy of our system based on this real-world data.

关键词： movie recommendation system collaborative filtering real-time virtual opinion leader data mining