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Extensive identification of landslide boundaries using remote sensing images and deep learning method

China geology 2024年第2期7卷 277-290页

作者： Chang-dong Li Peng-fei Feng Xi-hui Jiang Shuang Zhang Jie Meng Bing-chen Li faculty of engineering China University of GeoscienceWuhan 430074China Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Mechanical engineering and Electronic Information China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of geology engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China

The frequent occurrence of extreme weather events has rendered numerous landslides to a global natural disaster *** is crucial to rapidly and accurately determine the boundaries of landslides for geohazards evaluation and emergency ***,the Skip Connection DeepLab neural network(SCDnn),a deep learning model based on 770 optical remote sensing images of landslide,is proposed to improve the accuracy of landslide boundary *** SCDnn model is optimized for the over-segmentation issue which occurs in conventional deep learning models when there is a significant degree of similarity between topographical geomorphic *** exhibits notable improvements in landslide feature extraction and semantic segmentation by combining an enhanced Atrous Spatial Pyramid Convolutional Block(ASPC)with a coding structure that reduces model *** experimental results demonstrate that SCDnn can identify landslide boundaries in 119 images with MIoU values between 0.8and 0.9;while 52 images with MIoU values exceeding 0.9,which exceeds the identification accuracy of existing *** work can offer a novel technique for the automatic extensive identification of landslide boundaries in remote sensing images in addition to establishing the groundwork for future inve stigations and applications in related domains.

关键词： Geohazard Landslide boundary detection Remote sensing image Deep learning model Steep slope Large annual rainfall Human settlements Infrastructure Agricultural land Eastern Tibetan Plateau Geological hazards survey engineering

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Integrating Shipborne Images with Multichannel Deep Learning for Landslide Detection

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 296-300页

作者： Pengfei Feng Changdong Li Shuang Zhang Jie Meng Jingjing Long School of Mechanical engineering and Electronic Information China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China faculty of engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Civil Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of geology engineering and Geomatics Changan UniversityXi'an 710054China Department of Geosciences University of OsloOslo 0316Norway

0 *** disasters in recession zones along riverbanks impose significant global social,economic,and ecological *** areas are particularly susceptible to *** inflict significant harm due to fluctuating water levels(Meng et al.,2023;Dai et al.,2021;Li et al.,2021).This,in turn,endangers the safety and accessibility of roads and waterways adjacent to rivers,and hydropower station and reservoir security(Yan et al.,2022;Guo et al.,2020;Tang et al.,2017).

关键词： reservoir Landslide Ship

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Analyzing thermal maturity effect on shale organic matter via PeakForce quantitative nanomechanical mapping

Rock Mechanics Bulletin

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Rock Mechanics Bulletin 2024年第3期3卷 38-52页

作者： Chioma Onwumelu Oladoyin Kolawole Stephan Nordeng Olufemi Olorode Harold Hamm School of geology and Geological engineering University of North DakotaGrand ForksND58202USA John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ07102USA Craft and Hawkins Department of petroleum engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70803USA

Organic-rich shales have gained significant attention in recent years due to their pivotal role in unconventional hydrocarbon *** shale rocks undergo thermal maturation processes that alter their mechanical properties,making their study essential for subsurface ***,characterizing the mechanical properties of organic-rich shale is often challenging due to its multiscale nature and complex *** work aims to bridge that knowledge gap to fully understand the nanomechanical properties of Shale organic matter at various thermal maturation *** study employs PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical Map-ping(PF-QNM)using Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM)to investigate how changes at the immature,early mature,and peak mature stages impact the mechanical properties of the Bakken Shale organic ***-QNM provides reliable mechanical measurements,allowing for the quantification and qualification of shale constituents'elastic modulus(E).We also accounted for the effect of probe type and further analyzed the impact of probe wear on the nanomechanical properties of shale organic *** immature shale,the average elastic modulus of organic matter is approximately 6 GPa,whereas in early mature and peak mature shale,it decreases to 5.5 GPa and 3.8 GPa,*** reveal a mechanical degradation with increasing thermal maturation,as evidenced by a reduction in Young's modulus(E).Specifically,the immature shale exhibits an 8%reduction in E,while the early mature and peak mature shales experience more substantial reductions of 31%and 37%,*** phenomenon could be attributed to the surface probing of low-modulus materials like bitumen generated during *** findings underscore the potential of AFM PF-QNM for assessing the nanomechanical characteristics of complex and heterogeneous rocks like ***,it also highlights the need for standardized mea-surement practices,considering the diverse components in these

关键词： Rock mechanics Nanomechanics Shale Organic matter Atomic force microscopy Nanomechanical mapping

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Geochemistry and origins of hydrogen-containing natural gases in deep Songliao Basin,China:Insights from continental scientific drilling

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petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 741-751页

作者： Shuang-Biao Han Chao-Han Xiang Xin Du Lin-Feng Xie Jie Huang Cheng-Shan Wang College of Geoscience and Surveying engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China

The different reservoirs in deep Songliao Basin have non-homogeneous lithologies and include multiple layers with a high content of hydrogen *** gas composition and stable isotope characteristics vary significantly,but the origin analysis of different gas types has previously been *** on the geochemical parameters of gas samples from different depths and the analysis of geological settings,this research covers the diverse origins of natural gas in different *** gas components are mainly methane with a small amount of C_(2+),and non-hydrocarbon gases,including nitrogen(N_(2)),hydrogen(H_(2)),carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),and helium(He).At greater depth,the carbon isotope of methane becomes heavier,and the hydrogen isotope points to a lacustrine sedimentary *** increasing depth,the origins of N_(2)and CO_(2)change gradually from a mixture of organic and inorganic to *** origins of hydrogen gas are complex and include organic sources,water radiolysis,water-rock(Fe^(2+)-containing minerals)reactions,and *** shales of Denglouku and Shahezi Formations,as source rocks,provide the premise for generation and occurrence of organic ***,the deep faults and fluid activities in Basement Formation control the generation and migration of mantle-derived *** discovery of a high content of H_(2)in study area not only reveals the organic and inorganic association of natural-gas generation,but also provides a scientific basis for the exploration of deep hydrogen-rich gas.

关键词： Gas compositions Stable isotopes Gas origins Hydrogen gas Songliao Basin

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Internal electric field modulation by copper vacancy concentration of cuprous sulfide nanosheets for enhanced selective CO_(2) photoreduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 324-330页

作者： Xian Shi Weidong Dai Xiaoqian Li Yang Bai Qin Ren Yao Lei Xing'an Dong School of Chemistry and Environmental engineering Sichuan University of Science&EngineeringZigong 643000SichuanChina State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir geology and Exploitation School of Oil&Natural Gas EngineeringSouthwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500SichuanChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials College of Physics and Electronic EngineeringChongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331SichuanChina Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731SichuanChina

Although the internal electric field(IEF)of photocatalysts is acknowledged as a potent driving force for photocharge separation,modulating the IEF intensity to achieve enhanced photocatalytic performances remains a ***,cuprous sulfide nanosheets with different Cu vacancy concentration were employed to study IEF modulation and corresponding direct charge *** the samples,Cu_(1.8)S nanosheets possessed intensified IEF intensity compared with those of Cu_(2)S and Cu_(1.95)S nanosheets,suggesting that an enhanced IEF intensity could be achieved by introducing more Cu *** intensified IEF of Cu_(1.8)S nanosheets induced numerous photogenerated electrons to migrate to its surface,and the dissociative electrons were then captured by Cu vacancies,resulting in efficient charge separation *** addition,the Cu vacancies on Cu_(1.8)S nanosheets accumulated electrons as active sites to lower the energy barrier of rate-determining step of CO_(2)photoreduction,leading to the selective conversion of CO_(2)to ***,the manipulation of IEF intensity through Cu vacancy concentration regulation of cuprous sulfide photocatalysts for efficient charge separation has been discussed,providing a scientific strategy to rationally improve photocata lytic performances for solar energy conversion.

关键词： Internal electric field intensity Cuprous sulfide photocatalysts Cu vacancies Charge separation Selective CO_(2) photoreduction

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Application status and research progress of CO_(2) fracturing fluid in petroleum engineering:A brief review

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petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 1-10页

作者： Jinzhou Zhao Tong Wu Wanfen Pu Du Daijun Qingyuan Chen Bowen Chen Jintao Li Yitao Huang State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500People's Republic of China Shale Gas Research Institute of PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field Company Chengdu610051People's Republic of China

This paper comprehensively reviews the application and research progress of CO_(2) fracturing fluids in China,highlights the existing issues and puts forward suggestions for future *** types of fracturing fluid systems containing CO_(2),namely,CO_(2) dry fracturing fluid,CO_(2) energized fracturing fluid,and CO_(2) foam fracturing fluid,are categorized based on the mass ratio and process difference between CO_(2),water,and treatment *** applications in China reveal several problem to be resolved:(1)The application scope of CO_(2) fracturing fluids is restricted to depleted reservoirs,re-fracturing of old wells,and medium-deep reservoirs with low formation pressure coefficients;(2)different types of CO_(2) fracturing fluids require different processes and ground supporting equipment;(3)optimization of CO_(2) compatibility,functionality,temperature and salt tolerance,as well as the cost of treatment agents is necessitated;(4)existing CO_(2) fracturing fluid system fail to perform well with low friction,low filtration,and high sand-carrying capacity.(5)there lacks a targeted industry standard for evaluation of performance of CO_(2) fracturing fluid system and treatment ***,in order to meet the goals of CCUS-EOR,CCUS-EGR,or integration of fracturing,displacement and burial by CO_(2),efforts should be made in the aspects that followed,including in-depth investigation of the mechanism of CO_(2) fracturing fluids,the adaptability and compatibility between existing equipment,different CO_(2) fracturing fluid systems and processes,and construction of treatment agents,low-density proppants and highperformance systems of recyclability and *** addition,optimization of CO_(2) fracturing fluid system based fracturing design is also crucial taking such related factors such as overall reservoir geological conditions,petrophysical properties,CO_(2) transportation,and well site layout into consideration.

关键词： Reservoir reconstruction CO_(2)fracturing fluid Fracturing fluid system Fracturing displacement burial integration

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Geological reservoir and resource potential(10^(13)m^(3))of gas hydrates in the South China Sea

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China geology 2024年第3期7卷 422-444页

作者： Pi-bo Su Wei Wei Yun-bao Sun Yao-yao Lü Huai Cheng Wei-feng Han Wei Zhang Jin-qiang Liang National engineering Research Center for Gas Hydrate Exploration and Development Guangzhou 511458China Sanya Institute of South China Sea geology Guangzhou Marine Geological SurveySanya 572025China Central Laboratory of Geological Sciences Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and DevelopmentLangfang 065007China Qingdao Institute of Marine geology Qingdao 266237China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China

A detailed understanding of the distribution and potential of natural gas hydrate(NGHs)resources is crucial to fostering the industrialization of those resources in the South China Sea,where NGHs are *** this study,this study analyzed the applicability of resource evaluation methods,including the volumetric,genesis,and analogy methods,and estimated NGHs resource potential in the South China Sea by using scientific resource evaluation methods based on the factors controlling the geological accumulation and the reservoir characteristics of ***,this study compared the evaluation results of NGHs resource evaluations in representative worldwise sea areas via rational *** results of this study are as follows:(1)The gas hydrate accumulation in the South China Sea is characterized by multiple sources of gas supply,multi-channel migration,and extensive accumulation,which are significantly different from those of oil and gas and other unconventional resources.(2)The evaluation of gas hydrate resources in the South China Sea is a highly targeted,stratified,and multidisciplinary evaluation of geological resources under the framework of a multi-type gas hydrate resource evaluation system and focuses on the comprehensive utilization of multi-source heterogeneous data.(3)Global NGHs resources is n×10^(15)m^(3),while the NGHs resources in the South China Sea are estimated to be 10^(13)m^(3),which is comparable to the abundance of typical marine NGHs deposits in other parts of the *** the South China Sea,the NGHs resources have a broad prospect and provide a substantial resource base for production tests and industrialization of NGHs.

关键词： Reservoir characteristics Natural gas hydrates Gas migration Resource potential Resource evaluation methods Hierarchical evaluation system Volumetric method South China Sea Clean energy exploration engineering

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A review on experimental techniques and their applications in the effects of mineral content on geomechanical properties of reservoir shale rock

Rock Mechanics Bulletin

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Rock Mechanics Bulletin 2024年第2期3卷 21-38页

作者： Romulus Mawa Tuzingila Lingyun Kong Ruben Koy Kasongo Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology of petroleum Exploration and Development in Hubei Province China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Tectonics and petroleum Resources(Ministry of Education) China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of petroleum engineering College of Earth ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesWuhanChina faculty of Oil Gas and Renewable EnergyDepartment of Exploration and ProductionUniversity of KinshasaDemocratic Republic of the Congo faculty of Science Department of GeosciencesUniversity of KinshasaDemocratic Republic of the Congo

Understanding the effects of mineral composition on geomechanical characteristics is critical in order to design and optimize the hydraulic fracturing necessary for shale gas reservoir *** information is still missing in effects of mineral content and the experimental methodologies *** paper provided an in-depth assessment of the various experimental methodologies and their applications in the relationship between the mineralogical and geomechanical features of the shale *** results revealed that more brittle minerals increase their strength,but chemical reaction that creats pores decrease their *** content of carbonate or quartz increases a rock's brittleness,while a high content of clay increases a rock's plasticity and decreases its *** phyllosilicate content increases,the uniaxial compressive strength decreases,and this could be because phyllosilicate minerals have a weakening effect on the mineral ***'s modulus often climb as clay minerals decline and as silica with carbonate concentration rises,however Poisson's ratio increases in relation to an increase in clay minerals,which also increases the ductility of the reservoir shale ***,compared to minerals and matrix,does not significantly impact the strength of shale ***,the benefits and drawbacks of using uniaxial and triaxial compression,ultrasonic testing,and nano-indentation techniques in unconventional reservoirs were *** findings suggest that,because of the possibility for experimental testing repeatability for increased accuracy,ultrasonic testing is the most appropriate experimental approach in the scenes of assessing static and dynamic geomechanical properties of reservoir shale *** suggested that numerically-based simulation of experimental techniques used for shale geomechanical evaluations and numer-ical modeling of heterogeneous shale rock samples will be necessary in light of the limitations faced in the a

关键词： Reservoir shale rock Geomechanical properties Mineral content

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Geochronology and Petrogenesis of Late Carboniferous to Early Permian Basalts in the Central Lhasa Subterrane, Southern Tibet: Implications for the Evolution of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 955-968页

作者： MA Wang LIU Yingchao YANG Zhusen Jan-Marten HUIZENGA LI Zhenqing YUE Longlong ZHAO Sibo School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Institute of geology Sinoprobe LaboratoryChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesNO-1432ÅsNorway Economic geology Research Centre(EGRU) College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueensland 4811Australia Department of geology University of JohannesburgAuckland Park 2006South Africa

Basalts from the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian are extensively developed in the central Lhasa subterrane, southern Tibet. Studying the petrogenesis of these rocks may have implications for the late Paleozoic arc magmatism along the central Lhasa subterrane uncovering more of the evolution of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean and its dynamic mechanism. Basalt samples from the Luobadui Formation in the Leqingla area, NW of Linzhou City in the central Lhasa subterrane, southern Tibet exhibit arc-like geochemical signatures in a subduction-zone tectonic setting characterized by high Al_(2)O_(3) and low TiO_(2) contents, fractionated REE patterns with low Nb/La ratios and high LREE concentrations, and negative HFSE anomalies. Based on their higher Th/Ce, Nb/Zr, and lower Ba/Th, Pb/Nd ratios, slightly negative to positive ε_(Nd)(t) values, and the relatively high Sr-Pb isotopic compositions, these samples were probably derived from partial melting of a depleted mantle source of garnet + spinel lherzolite, metasomatized by subducted sediments around 297 Ma. Modeling of the trace elements indicates that these basalts experienced fractional crystallization of olivine, clinopyroxene and minor plagioclase during magma ascent and eruption. It is proposed that these Late Carboniferous–Early Permian basalts are associated with the northward subduction of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean seafloor along the southern margin of the central Lhasa subterrane.

关键词： geochemistry northward subduction Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean Lhasa terrane Tibet

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Formation Mechanism of the Paleocene Basal Conglomerate,Southwest Tarim Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第5期35卷 1513-1526页

作者： Yong Yue Jingchun Tian Chuanyan Huang Institute of Sedimentary geology Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Shanghai Branch of CNOOC Ltd. Shanghai 200335China Key Laboratory of Tectonics and petroleum Resources Ministry of EducationFaculty of Earth ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Most knowledge about the Cretaceous-Paleogene strata in the Tarim Basin is mainly inferred from the outcrops at the basin's margin,but first time in the *** formation mechanism of the Paleocene basal conglomerate was determined using geochemical isotopes of the breccia from Well PBX1 in the southwestern Tarim *** results showed that the global K/Pg(i.e.,Cretaceous/Paleogene)clay layer boundary was located in the middle of the Paleocene basal conglomerate at the depth of 7066.75 m in Well *** the Late Cretaceous,associated with volcanic activities and earthquakes,the caldera in the Well PBX1 Block formed an annular depression with large elevation differences in response to the Pamir Block *** a result,the collapsed breccia with storm tide genesis deposited at the periphery and inside of the depression,characterized by syn-sedimentary *** the Paleocene,multiple sets of interbedded carbonate and collapsed breccia deposited in response to multi-phased transient transgression-regression *** transportation of breccia exhibited near-source accumulation/extremely close or in-situ rapid *** studied region is located in the eastern end of the Tethys Sea,the Late Cretaceous-Early Paleocene breccia is of great significance for reconstructing the paleogeography of the Tarim basin in Tethys.

关键词： South-Western Tarim Paleogene system Breccia Attribution and genesis petroleum geology

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