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Analyses of temperature-dependent interface states,series resistances,and AC electrical conductivities of Al/p Si and Al/Bi_4Ti_3O_(12)/p Si structures by using the admittance spectroscopy method

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第10期22卷 608-613页

作者： Mert Ylldlrlm Perihan Durmus Semsettin Altlndal Department of Physics Faculty of Arts & SciencesDüzce University Department of Physics Faculty of SciencesGazi University

In this study, Al/p-Si and Al/Bi4Ti3O12/p-Si structures are fabricated and their interface states （Nss）, the values of series resistance （Rs）, and AC electrical conductivity （σac） are obtained each as a function of temperature using admit- tance spectroscopy method which includes capacitance-voltage （C-V） and conductance-voltage （G-V） measurements. In addition, the effect of interfacial Bi4Ti3012 （BTO） layer on the performance of the structure is investigated. The voltage- dependent profiles of Nss and Rs are obtained from the high-low frequency capacitance method and the Nicollian method, respectively. experimental results show that Nss and Rs, as strong functions of temperature and applied bias voltage, each exhibit a peak, whose position shifts towards the reverse bias region, in the depletion region. Such a peak behavior is attributed to the particular distribution of Nss and the reordering and restructuring of Nss under the effect of temperature. The values of activation energy （Ea）, obtained from the slope of the Arrhenius plot, of both structures are obtained to be bias voltage-independent, and the Ea of the metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor （MFS） structure is found to be half that of the metal-semiconductor （MS） structure. Furthermore, other main electrical parameters, such as carrier concentration of acceptor atoms （NA）, built-in potential （Vbi）, Fermi energy （EF）, image force barrier lowering （△φb）, and barrier height （φb）, are extracted using reverse bias C 2-V characteristics as a function of temperature.

关键词： MFS structures Bismuth titanate temperature dependent activation energy AC electrical con-ductivity

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Continuous solutions for fractional integral inclusion in locally convex topological space

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2009年第2期24卷 175-183页

作者： Rabha W.Ibrahim School of Mathematical sciences Faculty of Sciences and Technology

The existence of continuous solutions for fractional integral inclusion via its singlevalued problem and fixed point theorem for set-valued function in locally convex topological spaces is discussed. The proof of the single-valued problem will be based on the Leray- Schauder fixed point theorem. Moreover, the controllability of this solution is studied.

关键词： Riemann-Liouville integral operator integral inclusion set-valued function

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Long term follow-up of a family with GUCY2D dominant cone dystrophy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第12期11卷 1945-1950页

作者： Georgios Tsokolas Hussein Almuhtaseb Helen Griffiths Fatima Shawkat Reuben J.Pengelly Sarah Ennis Andrew Lotery Clinical and experimental sciences University of Southampton Eye Unit University Hospital Southampton Human Genetics & Genomic Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton

AIM: To describe long term follow-up in a family with GUCY2D dominant cone dystrophy. METHODS: Optical coherence tomography scans and fundus autofluorescence images were obtained. Flash and pattern electroretinograms(ERGs) and occipital pattern reversal visual evoked potentials were recorded. RESULTS: Two members of the same family(father and son) were identified to have the heterozygous R838 C mutation in the GUCY2D gene. The father presented at the age of 45 with bilateral bull’s eye maculopathy and temporal disc pallor. Over 13 y of serial follow up visits, the bull’s eye maculopathy progressed gradually into macular atrophy. Electrophysiological tests were significantly degraded suggesting poor macular function. Spectraldomain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT) scans showed progressive loss and disruption of the ellipsoid layer at the foveal level. His son presented at the age of 16 with bilateral granular retinal pigment epithelial changes in both maculae. Electrophysiological testing was initially borderline normal but has gradually deteriorated to show reduced cone ERGs and macula function. SD-OCT demonstrated gradual macular thinning and atrophy bilaterally. Unlike his father, there was no disruption of the ellipsoid ***: Both family members exhibited gradual changes in their fundi, electrophysiological testing and multimodal imaging. Changes were milder than those observed in other mutations of the same gene.

关键词： autofluorescence electroretinogram cone dystrophy cone-rod dystrophy GUCY2D spectral-domain optical coherence tomography visual evoked potential

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The Lanthanide Tetrad Effect in Argillic Alteration: An Example from the Jizvan District, Northern Iran

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第4期92卷 1468-1485页

作者： Ali ABEDINI Mansour REZAEI AZIZI Ali Asghar CALAGARI Department of Geology Faculty of Sciences Urmia University Department of Earth sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Tabriz

Intrusion of quartz-monzodioritic igneous bodies of Oligocene age into Eocene lithic crystal tufts and trachy-basalts resulted in the occurrence of a widespread argillic alteration zone in the Jizvan district （northern Iran）. Mineralogically, the argillie alteration zone includes minerals such as kaolinite, quartz, smectite, pyrophyllite, muscovite-illite, alunite, rutile, calcite, feldspar, chlorite, hematite and goethite. Therefore, the non-CHARAC behaviour for trace elements in the argillic samples is reflected in the non-chondritic Y/Ho and Zr/Hf ratios and the irregular REE patterns, which appear related to the tetrad effect phenomenon. The chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns indicate both concave （W-shaped） and convex （M-shaped） tetrad effects in the argillic samples. Based on the field evidence and the results from geochemical studies, it can be concluded that the samples from the argillic alteration zone having high fourth tetrad effect values （〉0.30） were developed in the fault and breccia zones. The results indicate that factors such as preferential scavenging by Mn-oxides, crystallization of clay minerals, fluid-rock interaction, overprint of hypogene mineral assemblage by supergene ones, and the structural control, have all played an important role in the occurrence of tetrad effects in samples of the argillic zone in the Jizvan district.

关键词： REE geochemistry tetrad effect argillic alteration Jizvan Iran

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Neuroanatomy of lower gastrointestinal pain disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第4期20卷 1005-1020页

作者： Wim Vermeulen Joris G De Man Paul A Pelckmans Benedicte Y De Winter Laboratory of experimental Medicine and Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Antwerp University Hospital

Chronic abdominal pain accompanying intestinal inflammation emerges from the hyperresponsiveness of neuronal,immune and endocrine signaling pathways within the intestines,the peripheral and the central nervous *** this article we review how the sensory nerve information from the healthy and the hypersensitive bowel is encoded and conveyed to the *** gut milieu is continuously monitored by intrinsic enteric afferents,and an extrinsic nervous network comprising vagal,pelvic and splanchnic *** extrinsic afferents convey gut stimuli to second order neurons within the superficial spinal cord *** neurons cross the white commissure and ascend in the anterolateral quadrant and in the ipsilateral dorsal column of the dorsal horn to higher brain centers,mostly subserving regulatory *** the supraspinal regions and the brainstem,pathways descend to modulate the sensory *** of this multiple level control,only a small proportion of gut signals actually reaches the level of consciousness to induce sensation or *** inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)patients,however,long-term neuroplastic changes have occurred in the brain-gut axis which results in chronic abdominal *** sensitization may be driven on the one hand by peripheral mechanisms within the intestinal wall which encompasses an interplay between immunocytes,enterochromaffin cells,resident macrophages,neurons and smooth *** the other hand,neuronal synaptic changes along with increased neurotransmitter release in the spinal cord and brain leads to a state of central *** life factors such as but not limited to inflammation and stress contribute to *** together,the degree to which each of these mechanisms contribute to hypersensitivity in IBD and IBS might be diseaseand even *** of sensitization throughout animal and human studies may significantly improve our understanding of sensit

关键词： Afferent nerves Chronic pain Inflammatory bowel disease Irritable bowel syndrome Sensitisation Sensory nerves Visceral hypersensitivity

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Hot aqueous leaf extract of Lasianthera africana(Icacinaceae) attenuates rifampicin-isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第4期16卷 263-272页

作者： Lucky Legbosi Nwidu Raphael Ellis Teme Department of experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Port Harcourt Histopathology Laboratory Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital Medical Laboratory Science Department Faculty of Science Rivers State University of Science and Technology

Objectives： The aim of this study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Lasianthera africana （lcacinaceae） against isoniazid （INH） and rifampicin （RlF）-induced liver damage in rats. Methods： The hepatoprotective effects of hot aqueous L. africana （HALA） leaf extract （0.1-1 g/kg） and sily-matin （50 mg/kg） were assessed in a model of oxidative liver damage induced by RIF and INH （100 mg/kg each） in Wistar rats for 28 days. Biochemical markers of hepatic damage such as alanine aminotrans- ferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alkaline phosphatase （ALP） were assessed. The antiox- idant statuses of plasma glutathione peroxidase （GSPx）, glutathione reductase （GSH）, catalase （CAT） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. Results： The pretreatment of INH and RIF decreased hematological indices and the antioxidant levels （P〈 0.001） and increased the levels of liver marker enzymes （P〈 0.001）. However, pretreatment with HALA extract and silymarin provoked significant elevation of hematological indices. The levels of AST, ALT, and ALP were depressed （P 〈 0.001 ）. Total triglycerides, total cholesterol, total bilirubin and low-density lipoprotein were decreased （P 〈 0.001）. However, high-density lipoprotein, bicarbonate, and electrolytes like chloride and potassium were elevated （P 〈 0.001）, but sodium was depressed （P 〈 0.05）. Additionally, GSH, GSPx, SOD and CAT were elevated （P 〈 0.01） and malondialdehyde was depressed （P 〈 0.001 ） when compared to the R1F-INH-treated rats. Histopathological evaluations support hepatoprotective activity. Conclusion： This study demonstrated that HALA leaf extract attenuated RIF-INH-induced hepatotoxicity. L, africana could be exploited in management of RIF-INH-induced hepatitis.

关键词： Hepatoprotection Hepatotoxicity RifampicinIsoniazid Lasianthera africana Tuberculosis Rats

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Small scale adeno-associated virusvector production for preclinical gene delivery based on chloroform precipitation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 99-100页

作者： Marcus Davidsson Andreas Heuer Molecular Neuromodulation Department of Experimental Medical SciencesLund UniversityLundSweden Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory Department of Experimental Medical SciencesLund UniversityLundSweden

Gene therapy aims to introduce genetic information into a cell-type of interest to replace,correct,silence,or modify defective *** therapy in its broadest sense can theoretically prevent,halt,or cure any condition that affects *** addition to that,the introduction and/or manipulation of genes is one of the major research areas in biological sciences,aimed to deepen our knowledge on how biological systems *** advances have made it possible to induce changes ranging from manipulations of large stretches of the genome to the change of single *** gold-standard vehicles to bring this genetic information into the target cells are viral vectors.

关键词： replace Small mankind

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Disinfection of dairy wastewater effluent through solar photocatalysis processes

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Water Science and Engineering 2018年第3期11卷 214-219页

作者： Mojtaba Afsharnia Mojtaba Kianmehr Hamed Biglari Abdollah Dargahi Abdolreza Karimi faculty of Health Gonabad University of Medical Sciences faculty of Medicine Gonabad University of Medical Sciences faculty of Health Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences faculty of Engineering Qom University of Technology

Due to the strict regulations and reuse policies that govern wastewater's use as an irrigation water resource for agricultural purposes, especially in dry climates, optimization of the disinfection process is of the utmost importance. The effects of solar radiation along with Titanium dioxide(TiO_2) nanoparticles applied to optimization of the photolysis and photocatalysis processes for inactivating heterotrophic bacteria were investigated. Temperature, p H, and dissolved oxygen fluctuations in the dairy wastewater effluent treated by activated sludge were examined. In addition,different dosages of TiO_2 were tested in the solar photocatalysis(ph-C S) and concentrated solar photocatalysis(ph-C CS) processes. The results show that the disinfection efficiencies of the solar photolysis(ph-L S) and concentrated solar photolysis(ph-L CS) processes after 30 min were about 10.5% and 68.9%, respectively, and that the ph-C S and ph-C CS processes inactivated 41% and 97% of the heterotrophic bacteria after 30 min, respectively. The p H variation in these processes was negligible. Using the ph-L CS and ph-C CS processes, the synergistic effect between the optical and thermal inactivation caused complete disinfection after three hours. However, disinfection was faster in the ph-C CS process than in the ph-L CS process. Significant correlations were found between the disinfection efficiency and the variation of the dissolved oxygen concentration in the ph-C S and ph-C CS processes, while the correlations between the disinfection efficiency and temperature variation were not significant in the ph-L S and ph-C S processes. Moreover, the oxygen consumption rate was greatest(3.2 mg··L^(-1)) in the ph-C CS process. Hence,it could be concluded that the ph-C CS process is an efficient photocatalysis process for disinfection of dairy wastewater effluent.

关键词： Dairy wastewater Disinfection Photocatalyst Solar Photolysis and photocatalysis TiO2

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Insights from a proteomic atlas of human Alzheimer's disease brain tissue

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 799-800页

作者： Tomas Kavanagh Eleanor Drummond Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical sciences University of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia

There is an urgent need to identify new drug targets for Alzheimer's disease(AD). While new immunotherapies show promise, clinical benefit appears low, and side effects are high. A greater understanding of the disease mechanisms driving AD is an essential factor that will facilitate the identification of new, effective drug targets.

关键词： Alzheimer clinical driving

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Catalyzed degradation of disperse dyes by calcium alginate-pectin entrapped bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) peroxidase

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2011年第7期23卷 1135-1142页

作者： Rukhsana Satarn Qayyum Husai Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Life Sciences Aligarh Muslim University faculty of Applied Medical sciences Jazan University Jazan

Calcium-alginate pectin entrapped bitter gourd peroxidase （BGP） has been employed for the treatment of disperse dyes： Disperse Brown 1 （DB 1） and Disperse Red 17 （DR 17）. Peroxidase alone was unable to decolorize DR 17 and DB 1. However, the investigated dyes were decolorized maximally by BGP in the presence of 0.2 mmol/L redox mediator, violuric acid （VA）. A slow decrease in percent decolorization was observed when VA concentration was higher than 0.2 mmol/L which could likely be due to the high reactivity of its aminoxyl radical （ N–O . ） intermediate, that might undergo chemical reactions with aromatic amino acid side chains of the enzyme thereby inactivating it. Maximum decolorization of the dyes was observed at pH 3.0 and 40°C within 2 hr of incubation. Immobilized peroxidase decolorized 98% DR 17 and 71% DB 1 using 35 U of BGP in batch process in 90 min. Immobilized enzyme decolorized 85% DR 17 and 51% DB 1 whereas soluble enzyme decolorized DR 17 to 48% and DB 1 to 30% at 60°C. UV-visible spectral analysis was used to evaluate the degradation of these dyes and their toxicity was tested by Allium cepa test. The generally observed higher stability of the bioaffinity bound enzymes against various forms of inactivation may be related to the specific and strong binding of enzyme with bioaffinity support which prevents the unfolding/denaturation of enzyme. Thus entrapped peroxidase was found to be effective in the decolorization of the investigated dyes.

关键词： bitter gourd peroxidise (BGP) alginate pectin decolorization disperse dyes

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