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An integrated computational method for calculating dynamic thermal bridges of building facades in tropical countries

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Frontiers of architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 201-218页

作者： Miktha Farid Alkadri Muhammad Rafif Cahyadi Agung Francesco De Luca Research Cluster of architectural Sciences and Building Technology Department of ArchitectureFaculty of EngineeringUniversitas IndonesiaDepok 16425Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture Tallinn University of TechnologyTallinn 19086Estonia

Identifying thermal bridges on building façades has been a great challenge for architects,especially during the conceptual design stage.This is not only due to the complexity of parameters when calculating thermal bridges,but also lack of feature integration between building energy simulation(BES)tools and the actual building conditions.For example,existing BES tools predominantly calculate thermal bridges only in steady state without considering the temperature dynamic behaviour of building outdoors.Consequently,relevant features such as thermal delay,decrement factor,and operative temperature are often neglected,and this can lead to miscalculation of energy consumption.This study then proposes an integrated method to calculate dynamic thermal bridges under transient conditions by incorporating field observations and computational simulations of thermal bridges.More specifically,the proposed method employs several measurement tools such as HOBO data logger to record the actual conditions of indoor and outdoor room temperature and thermal cameras to identify the surface temperature of selected building junctions.The actual datasets are then integrated with the simulation workflow developed in BES tools.This study ultimately enables architects not only to identify potential thermal bridges on existing building façades but also to support material and geometric exploration in early design phase.

关键词： Thermal bridges Dynamic calculation Thermal delay Cooling load Computational design method

Seismic stability of expansive soil slopes reinforced by anchor cables using a modified horizontal slice method

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 377-387页

作者： Wang Long Chen Guoxing Hu Wei Zhou Enquan Feng Jianxue Huang Anping School of Mechnical Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironmental Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China architectural Engineering College Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Civil Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China

Earthquake-induced slope failures are common occurrences in engineering practice and pre-stressed anchor cables are an effective technique in maintaining slope stability,especially in areas that are prone to earthquakes.Furthermore,the soil at typical engineering sites also exhibit unsaturated features.Explicit considerations of these factors in slope stability estimations are crucial in producing accurate results.In this study,the seismic responses of expansive soil slopes stabilized by anchor cables is studied in the realm of kinematic limit analysis.A modified horizontal slice method is proposed to semi-analytically formulate the energy balance equation.An illustrative slope is studied to demonstrate the influences of suction,seismic excitations and anchor cables on the slope stability.The results indicate that the stabilizing effect of soil suction relates strongly to the seismic excitation and presents a sine shape as the seismic wave propagates.In higher and steeper slopes,the stabilizing effect of suction is more evident.The critical slip surface tends to be much more shallow as the seismic wave approaches the peak and vice versa.

关键词： limit analysis expansive soil slope matric suction anchor cable pseudo-dynamic analysis

Thermo-Physical Potential of Recycled Banana Fibers for Improving the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Biosourced Gypsum-Based Materials

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第4期12卷 843-867页

作者： Youssef Maaloufa Soumia Mounir Sara Ibnelhaj Fatima Zohra El Wardi Asma Souidi Yakubu Aminu Dodo Malika Atigui Mina Amazal Abelhamid Khabbazi Hassan Demrati Ahmed Aharoune National School of Architecture Agadir New ComplexIbn Zohr UniversityAgadirMorocco Energy Materials and Sustainable Development(EMDD)Center for WaterNatural ResourcesEnvironment and Sustainable Development(CERNE2D)Mohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco Thermodynamics and Energetics Laboratory Faculty of ScienceIbn Zohr UniversityAgadirMorocco architectural Engineering Department Najran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia The Centre of Scientific and Engineering Research Najran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia Physics Department LPMAT LaboratoryFaculty of Sciences Ain ChockHassan II UniversityCasablancaMorocco

The development of bio-sourced materials is essential to ensuring sustainable construction;it is considered a locomotive of the green economy.Furthermore,it is an abundant material in our country,to which very little attention is being given.This work aims to valorize the waste of the trunks of banana trees to be used in construction.Firstly,the physicochemical properties of the fiber,such as the percentage of crystallization and its morphology,have been determined by X-ray diffraction tests and scanning electron microscopy to confirm the potential and the impact of the mode of drying on the quality of the banana fibers,with the purpose to promote the use of this material in construction.Secondly,the results obtained with the gypsum matrix allowed us to note a preponderant improvement in the composite’s thermal properties thanks to the variation of the banana fiber additive.Thirdly,the impact of the nature of the banana fiber distribution(either fiber mixed in matrix or fiber series model)on the flexural and compressive strengths of the composites was studied.The results obtained indicate that the insulation gain reaches up to 40%.It depends on the volume fraction and type of distribution of the banana fibers.However,the thermal inertia of the composites developed,represented by thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity,was studied.Results indicate a gain of 40%and 25%,respectively,in terms of thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity of the developed composites compared to plaster alone.Concerning the mechanical properties,the flexural strength depends on the percentage of the volume fraction of banana fibers used,and it can reach 20%more than the flexural strength of plaster;nevertheless,there is a significant loss in terms of the compressive strength of the studied composites.The results obtained are confirmed by the microstructure of the fiber banana.In fact,the morphology of the banana fibers was improved by the drying process.It reduces the amorphous area and improves the cellulosic crystalline surfaces,w

关键词： Biosourced materials fiber banana flexural strength mechanical properties open-air drying plaster thermal properties waste management

Efficient and selective recovery of Gd(Ⅲ)via polyethyleneimine modification of lanthanum-based metal-organic frameworks

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 210-219,I0007页

作者： Wenhao Li Lijinhong Huang Bin Xiao Xiaoguang Duan Haike Li Lang Li Wanfu Huang Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Basin Pollution Simulation and Control Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China Innovation Center for Water Quality Security Technology at Ganjiang River Basin Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China faculty of Science and Engineering WA School of Mines:MineralsEnergy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityWAAustralia School of Architecture and Design Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China School of Resources and architectural Engineering Gannan University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA5005Australia School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China

With the development of the economy and the increasing demand for environmental protection,the efficient and selective recovery of Gd(Ⅲ)from actual wastewater is of critical importance.In this work,lanthanum-based metal-organic framework(LaBDC)materials were prepared by a hydrothermal method,and then polyethyleneimine(PEI)and LaBDC were combined by an impregnation method to form a novel LaBDC@xPEI composite.The prepared materials were characterized using Fourier transfo rm infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX),B runauer-Emmett-Teller(BET),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Experiments show that LaBDC@50%PEI has the highest adsorption capacity(181.77 mg/g)among lanthanum-based MOFs with different PEI loadings at pH=5.5,which is about 5.1 times that of bare LaBDC.The adsorption isotherm analysis shows that LaBDC@50%PEI follows the Langmuir model.In addition,the adsorption kinetics of LaBDC@50%PEI follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model,indicating that the adsorption process is chemical adsorption.It is worth noting that LaBDC@50%PEI maintains good adsorption performance and stability after three recycling tests,and exhibits excellent selectivity in cation interference experiments.Overall,the LaBDC@50%PEI composites possess good stability and hold great promises in rapid recovery of Gd(Ⅲ)from practical aqueous environments.

关键词： Wet-impregnation method Polyethylene imine Metaleorganic frameworks Lanthanum Recovery of Gd(Ⅲ) Rare earths

Ordinary Urban Heritage of Rattanakosin: Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods of the historic center of Bangkok

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Frontiers of architectural Research 2024年第2期13卷 335-348页

作者： Prin Jhearmaneechotechai Design for Creative Economy Research Unit Department of Urban and Regional PlanningFaculty of ArchitectureChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand

This paper discussed the selection criteria for Ordinary Urban Heritage (OUH) in Rattanakosin, the historic center of Bangkok through the case of ordinary restaurants and everyday foods. The OUH stands for an alternative approach to heritage understanding and conservation, derived from the notion of ordinary heritage, vernacular heritage, and urban heritage emphasizing the heritages of the everydayness of ordinary people. The OUHs have co-existed and inherited through the evolution of the city but are overlooked by the official conservation process. Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods were selected by 5 criteria, 1) appeared for more than 50 years;2) created, developed, and used by ordinary people;3) found as the clusters;4) able to be adapted to the urban context;5) exist until the present day.The methodology applied to the analysis of the historical documents and Bangkok maps from 1887 to 1974, and the selection criteria developed from past research in another old commercial district of Bangkok were also reinvestigated with observational surveys. Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods are the outcomes representing the heritage of everyday life of ordinary people that are ubiquitously related to commercial activities.

关键词： Ordinary restaurants Everyday foods Rattanakosin Selection criteria Ordinary Urban Heritage

Theoretical framework of the Isfahani style: Inspiring sustainable aspects of a vernacular urban development

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Frontiers of architectural Research 2024年第2期13卷 349-369页

作者： Hatef Jafari Sharami Seyed Jamalaldin Hosseini Department of Architecture and Urbanism University of EyvanekeyEyvanekey 99888-35918Iran faculty of Civil and Architecture University of EyvanekeyEyvanekey 99888-35918Iran

The Isfahani style represents a method of traditional Iranian architecture and urban development that existed in the early 20th century and is regarded as a leading model in most traditional Iranian cities. It exhibits several vigorous features contributing to its recognition as a traditional approach to sustainable architecture and urban development. This research endeavors to reveal a theoretical framework beneath these inspiring aspects using the typology of sustainable modern forms, including the hierarchy, passive design strategies, compactness, density, diversity, mixed land use, pluralism, balance, good composition, and integration over time. To this end, the study employs qualitative research methods, drawing from traditional samples, to identify innovative, energy and socially efficient, and low-impact strategies implemented in this vernacular architecture of Iran's semi-arid and hot climates. The findings revealed that the neighborhood concept as a local and plural community (Mahalla) was a vital phenomenon in Iran's urban development. Apparently, the demise of this paradigm effectively played an important role in the numerous challenges regarding the social, energy, and economic viability of modern Iranian cities. Hence, this study presented theoretical frameworks—aligned with sustainable concepts—from the Isfahani style through its analysis, classification, and interpretation, which can contribute to modern urban development.

关键词： Isfahani style Vernacular urban development Sustainable urban development Iranian cities Vernacular architecture

Recognition of defensive factors in the architectural heritage of Iran’s organic ancient shelters

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Frontiers of architectural Research 2022年第4期11卷 709-730页

作者： Mohammad Sadegh Taher Tolou Del Zahra Sadooghi Sina Kamali Tabrizi faculty of architectural Engineering and Urban Design Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training UniversityTehranIran faculty of architectural Engineering Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training UniversityTehranIran

In ancient Iran, in addition to defensive elements such as castles, fortresses, and fortifications, there were underground cities called dastkand. These cities had a shelter-protection function and provided safe space to protect residents when enemies attacked. In the scope of dastkand architectural studies, form typology, land-use typology, and provision of thermal comfort have been investigated in various studies but there is no study on dastkand defensive architecture, which is the main purpose of the present research. The research method is a mixed method (qualitative-quantitative). The required data are collected through a survey and then, analyzed using factor analysis in R method. The statistical population includes Iranian architectural heritage specialists and the sample size is estimated to be 165 persons. Sampling adequacy is confirmed based on the results of KMO test. The samples are selected using a non-probability sampling method. The obtained results indicate that ten factors have been effective in the architecture of Iran’s ancient organic shelters. In order from largest to smallest coefficient of variance, the factors include collective defense, multi-layered defense, environmental camouflage, path control, self-sufficiency, secret passage, sustainable architecture, residential values, covert surveillance, and cluster development.

关键词： architectural heritage Dastkand Defensive architecture Organic shelter Underground cities

A relational perspective on the walking activity in urban spaces:Shaping,transformation,and interrelations

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Frontiers of architectural Research 2023年第3期12卷 496-508页

作者： Ahlam Ammar Sharif architectural Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringThe Hashemite UniversityZarqa 13133Jordan

New walking studies have been concerned with the multiplicity of pedestrian experiences.Some consider walking as an activity that unfolds as part of social life,allowing people to create relationships with others,where multiple walking types can be identified depending on these relations.Some contributions,inspired by actor-network theory(ANT),suggest understanding this activity through a networked perspective that associates human and non-human actors,with a focus on their various and dynamic relations between them.The focus on stabilized networks,which emphasizes the recurrence of these relations,helps in identifying and extending themultiplicity of walking activity experience and emerging types.Despite this potential,ANT contributions are still limited.This paper aims to present the ANT potential in unpacking the multiplicity of the walking activity.It utilizes the case of Dahiyat Al Hussain park in Jordan and applies an ANT-inspired ethnographic approach to unpackwalking.It uses desk research,in-depth interviews,go-along interviews,and observations to engage with participants’views and experiences.By tracing the recurring relational patterns,the paper identifies three instances when walking practice can be considered as stabilized during network shaping,transformation,and interrelations.These stabilizations provide a nuanced perspective into the multiplicity of walking practices.

关键词： Actor-network theory Pedestrian experiences Walking activity Stabilization Multiplicity

Topology Optimization for Design of Hybrid Lattice Structures with Multiple Microstructure Configurations

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2022年第3期35卷 367-383页

作者： Nan Wei Hongling Ye Xing Zhang Jicheng Li Yunkang Sui faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China College of Mechanical and architectural Engineering Taishan UniversityTaian 271000China

Hybrid lattice structures consisting of multiple microstructures have drawn much attention due to their excellent performance and extraordinary designability.This work puts forward a novel design scheme of lightweight hybrid lattice structures based on independent continuous mapping(ICM)method.First,the effective elastic properties of various microstructure configurations serve as a bridge between the macrostructure and the multiple microstructures by the homogenization theory.Second,a concurrent topology optimization model for seeking optimized macroscale topology and the specified microstructures is established and solved by a generalized multi-material interpolation formulation and sensitivity analysis.Third,several numerical examples show that hybrid lattice structures with different anisotropic configurations accomplish a better lightweight effect than those with various orthogonal configurations,which verifies the feasibility of the presented method.Hence,anisotropic configurations are more conducive to the sufficient utilization of constitutive material.The proposed scheme supplies a reference for the design of hybrid lattice structures and extends the application field of the ICM method.

关键词： Topology optimization Hybrid lattice structures Multiple microstructure configurations Anisotropic ICM method