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Influence of indoor airflow on airborne disease transmission in a classroom

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 355-370页

作者： Mojtaba Zabihi Ri Li Joshua Brinkerhoff School of Engineering Faculty of Applied ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaCanada

It has been widely accepted that the most effective way to mitigate airborne disease transmission in an indoor space is to increase the ventilation airflow,measured in air change per hour(ACH).However,increasing ACH did not effectively prevent the spread of *** better understand the role of ACH and airflow large-scale patterns,a comprehensive fully transient computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation of two-phase flows based on a discrete phase model(DPM)was performed in a university classroom setting with people *** investigations encompass various particle sizes,ventilation layouts,and flow *** findings demonstrated that the particle size threshold at which particles are deemed airborne is highly influenced by the background flow strength and large-scale flow pattern,ranging from 5µm to 10µm in the cases *** effects of occupants are significant and must be precisely accounted for in respiratory particle transport *** enhanced ventilation design(UFAD-CDR)for university classrooms is introduced that places a premium on mitigating airborne disease *** to the baseline design at the same ACH,this design successfully reduced the maximum number density of respiratory particles by up to 85%.A novel airflow-related parameter,Horizontality,is introduced to quantify and connect the large-scale airflow pattern with indoor aerosol *** underscores that ACH alone cannot ensure or regulate air *** addition to the necessary ACH for air exchange,minimizing horizontal bulk motion is essential for reducing aerosol transmissibility within the room.

关键词： aerosol transmission airflow pattern horizontality COVID-19 simulation classroom ventilation

Microwave irradiation-induced alterations in physicochemical properties and methane adsorption capability of coals:An experimental study using carbon molecular sieve

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 165-180页

作者： Xuexiang Fu Xing Tang Yi Xu Xintao Zhou Dengfeng Zhang faculty of Chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China

In order to comprehend the applicability of microwave irradiation for recovering coalbed methane,it is necessary to evaluate the microwave irradiation-induced alterations in coals with varying levels of *** this work,the carbon molecular sieve combined with KMnO_(4)oxidation was selected to fabricate carbon molecular sieve with diverse oxidation degrees,which can serve as model substances toward ***,the microwave irradiation dependences of pores,functional groups,and highpressure methane adsorption characteristics of model substances were *** results indicated that microwave irradiation causes rearrangement of oxygen-containing functional groups,which could block the micropores with a size of 0.40-0.60 nm in carbon molecular sieve;meanwhile,naphthalene and phenanthrene generated by macro-molecular structure pyrolysis due to microwave irradiation could block the micropores with a size of 0.70-0.90 *** alterations in micropore structure weaken the saturated methane adsorption capacity of oxidized carbon molecular sieve by 2.91%-23.28%,suggesting that microwave irradiation could promote methane ***,the increased mesopores found for oxidized carbon molecular sieve after microwave irradiation could benefit CH4 *** summary,the oxidized carbon molecular sieve can act as model substances toward coals with different ***,microwave irradiation is a promising technology to enhance coalbed methane recovery.

关键词： Microwave irradiation Physicochemical property Coal matrix Adsorption Carbon molecular sieve

On thermoelastic problem based on four theories with the efficiency of the magnetic field and gravity

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and science 2024年第4期9卷 338-347页

作者： A.A.Kilany A.N.Abd-alla A.M.Abd-Alla S.M.Abo-Dahab Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohag 82524 Egypt Department of Computer science Faculty of Computers and InformationLuxor UniversityEgypt Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceSouth Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt

The fundamental objective of this paper is to study the effectiveness of magnetic field and gravity on an isotropic homogeneous thermoelastic structure based on four theories of generalized *** another meaning,the models of coupled dynamic theory(CDT),Lord-Shulman(LS),Green-Lindsay(GL)as well as Green-Naghdi(GN II)will be taken in the ***,applying the harmonic method(normal mode technique),the solution of the governing equations and the expressions for the components of the displacement,temperature and(Mechanical and Maxwell’s)stresses is taken into account and calculated *** impacts of the gravity and magnetic field are illustrated graphically which are pronounced on the different physical ***,the results of some research that others have previously obtained may be found some or all of them as special cases from this study.

关键词： Generalized thermoelasticity Gravity Magnetic field Green and Naghdi TheoryⅡ Normal mode approach

Results Involving Partial Differential Equations and Their Solution by Certain Integral Transform

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1593-1616页

作者： Rania Saadah Mohammed Amleh Ahmad Qazza Shrideh Al-Omari Ahmet Ocak Akdemir Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZarqa UniversityZarqa13110Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAmman11134Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and LettersAgri Ibrahim莈鏴n UniversityAgri04100Turkey

In this study,we aimto investigate certain triple integral transformand its application to a class of partial *** discuss various properties of the new transformincluding inversion, linearity, existence, scaling andshifting, etc. Then,we derive several results enfolding partial derivatives and establish amulti-convolution ***, we apply the aforementioned transform to some classical functions and many types of partial differentialequations involving heat equations,wave equations, Laplace equations, and Poisson equations ***,wedraw some figures to illustrate 3-D contour plots for exact solutions of some selected examples involving differentvalues in their variables.

关键词： ARA transform double ARA transform triple ARA transform partial differential equations integral transform

Reinforcing oxygen electrocatalytic activity via selective dualphase heterointerface engineering for rechargeable Zn-air batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1524-1536页

作者： Chao Cheng Chuang Zhi Zhong-Ti Sun Yong-Qiang Ming Ting-Ting Xiang Qing-Chao Zhu Zi-Rui Wu Bing Li Yi Li Cheng Jin Yong Cao Juan Yang School of Materials science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China faculty of Material science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China

Dual-phase heterointerface electrocatalysts(DPHE)constructed by oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)-and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)-active elements exhibit excellent bifunctional activity and long-term durability due to the abundant interface exposure and synergistic catalytic ***,low-dimensional N-doped graphene nanoribbons(N-GNRs)coupling with ultrathin CoO nanocomposites(N-GNRs/CoO)were controllably fabricated through a facile two-step approach using synthesized Co(OH)_2 nanosheet as CoO *** functional theory(DFT)calculations and experimental characterizations prove that the formation of interface between N-GNRs and CoO can induce local charge redistribution,contributing to the improvement of catalytic activity and *** optimal N-GNRs/CoO DPHE possesses hierarchically porous architectures and presents outstanding bifunctional activities with a small potential gap of 0.729 V between the potential at 10 mA·cm^(-2)for OER and the halfwave potential for ORR,which outperforms Pt/C+IrO_(2)and the majority of noble-metal-free bifunctional ***-and solid-state rechargeable Zn-air batteries assembled with N-GNRs/CoO as the cathode also display high peak power density and fantastic cycle stability,superior to that of benchmark Pt/C+IrO_(2)*** is anticipated to offer significant benefits toward high activity,stability and mechanical flexibility bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts for rechargeable Zn-air batteries.

关键词： Interface engineering Graphene nanoribbons CoO Bifunctional electrocatalyst Zn-air batteries

Surface-neutralization engineered NiCo-LDH/phosphate hetero-sheets toward robust oxygen evolution reaction

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第7期9卷 1151-1158页

作者： Shunfa Zhou Yuxuan Liu Jing Li Zhao Liu Jiawei Shi Liyuan Fan Weiwei Cai Sustainable Energy Laboratory Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of Geosciences College of science and Engineering James Cook University

Developing highly active oxygen evolution reaction（OER） electrocatalysts with robust durability is essential in producing high-purity hydrogen through water electrolysis. Layered double hydroxide（LDH） based catalysts have demonstrated efficient catalytic performance toward the relatively sluggish OER. By considering the promotion effect of phosphate（Pi） on proton transfer, herein, a facile phosphate acid（PA）surface-neutralization strategy is developed to in-situ construct NiCo-LDH/NiCoPi hetero-sheets toward OER catalysis. OER activity of NiCoLDH is significantly boosted due to the proton promotion effect and the electronic modulation effect of NiCoPi. As a result, the facilely prepared NiCo-LDH/NiCoPi catalyst displays superior OER catalytic activity with a low overpotential of 300 mV to deliver 100 mA cm-2OER and a Tafel slope of 73 mV dec-1. Furthermore, no visible activity decay is detected after a 200-h continuous OER operation. The present work,therefore, provides a promising strategy to exploit robust OER electrocatalysts for commercial water electrolysers.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Phosphate Layered double hydroxide Hetero-sheets Stability

Reservoir quality of the Late Cretaceous Volador Formation of the Latrobe group,Gippsland Basin,Australia:Implications from integrated analytical techniques

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 121-140页

作者： Kamalia Norjannah Kamalrulzaman Mohamed Ragab Shalaby Md Aminul Islam Department of Geosciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei DarussalamBrunei Darussalam Geology Department Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTanta31527Egypt

Increasing demand for energy due to the populous Eastern Australia has driven oil and gas industries to find new sources of hydrocarbons as they are the primary energy *** study has been done on the Volador Formation in the Gippsland Basin by means of core-based petrophysical,sedimentological,and petrographic analyses as well as well log-based interpretation and capillary pressure *** wells from Kipper,Basker and Tuna fields with available dataset were investigated in this study:Kipper-1,Basker-1,Basker-2,Basker-5 and ***,the formation has good reservoir quality based on the high porosity and permeability values obtained through core and well log petrophysical *** formation made up of mostly moderate to coarse quartz grains that has experienced strong anti-compaction and is poorly *** and illite clays are seen dispersed in the rock formation,with the minority being mixed *** clays and diagenetic features including kaolinite cement and quartz overgrowth that can lead to porosity reduction only have insignificant impact on the overall reservoir *** addition,capillary pressure data shows that most samples are found in the transition to good reservoir zones(<50%saturation).The results obtained from this study have shown that the Volador Formation in the Gippsland Basin is worth for hydrocarbon exploration.

关键词： Volador formation Reservoir rock characterization Core-based Petrographic Well log based Capillary pressure

Frequency-tunable single-photon router based on a microresonator containing a driven three-level emitter

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 377-381页

作者：黄劲松胡菁兰李艳玲徐中辉 School of Information Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China faculty of science Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China

We propose a frequency-tunable router of single photons with high routing efficiency, which is constructed by two waveguides mediately linked by a single-mode whispering gallery resonator with a driven three-level emitter. Quantum routing probability in the output port is obtained via the real-space Hamiltonian. By adjusting the resonator–emitter coupling and the drive, the desired continuous central frequencies for the resonance peaks of routing photons can be manipulated nearly linearly, with the assistance of Rabi splitting effect and optical Stark shift. The proposed routing system may provide potential applications in designing other frequency-modulation quantum optical devices, such as multiplexers,filters, and so on.

关键词： quantum routing scattering theory optical waveguide microresonator

A comparative study for petroleum removal capacities of the bacterial consortia entrapped in sodium alginate,sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol),and bushnell haas agar

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Petroleum science 2024年第1期21卷 705-715页

作者： Sezen Bilen Ozyurek Department of Biology(Biotechnology) Faculty of ScienceHacettepe UniversityAnkaraBeytepe06800Turkey

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the degradation efficiencies of free and entrapped bacterial consortia(Staphylococcus capitis CP053957.1 and Achromobacter marplatensis MT078618.1)to different polymers such as Sodium Alginate(SA),Sodium Alginate/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)(SA/PVA),and Bushnell Haas Agar(BHA).In addition to SA and SA/PVA,which are cost-effective,non-toxic and have different functional groups,BHA,which is frequently encountered in laboratory-scale studies but has not been used as an entrapment material until *** on these,the polymers with different surface morphologies and chemical compositions were analyzed by SEM and *** the petroleum removal efficiency was higher with the entrapped bacterial consortia than with the free one,BHA-entrapped bacterial consortium enhanced the petroleum removal more than SA and SA/***,the degradation rate of bacterial consortia entrapped with BHA was 2.039 day^(-1),SA/PVA was 1.560,SA was 0.993,the half-life period of BHA-entrapped bacterial consortia is quite low(t_(1/2)=0.339)compared with SA(t_(1/2)=0.444)and SA/PVA(t_(1/2)=0.697).The effects of the four main factors such as:amount of BHA(0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3 g),disc size(4,5,6,7,8 mm),inoculum concentration(1,2.5,5,7.5,10 mL),and incubation period on petroleum removal were also *** maximum petroleum removal(94.5%)was obtained at≥2.5 mL of bacterial consortium entrapped in 2 g BHA with a 7 mm disc size at 168 h and the results were also confirmed by statistical *** a decrease was observed during the reuse of bacterial consortium entrapped in BHA,the petroleum removal was still above 50%at 10th *** on GC-MS analysis,the removal capacity of BHA-entrapped consortium was over 90%for short-chain n-alkanes and 80%for medium-chain ***,the obtained data are expected to provide a potential guideline in cleaning up the large-scale oil pollution in the *** there has been no similar stud

关键词： Entrapment of bacterial consortia Petroleum RemovalBushnell Haas agar Sodium alginate Sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol)