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tRNA^(Glu)-derived fragments from embryonic extracellular vesicles modulate bovine embryo hatching

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1559-1566页

作者： Yuan Fan Krishna Chaitanya Pavani Katrien Smits Ann Van Soom Luc Peelman Department of Veterinary and Biosciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversityHeidestraat 199820 MerelbekeBelgium Department of Internal medicine Reproduction and Population MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Department for Reproductive medicine Ghent University HospitalCorneel Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have been shown to be involved in early embryo development and repression of endogenous retroelements in embryos and stem ***,it is unknown whether tsRNAs also regulate embryo *** this study,we mined the sequencing data of a previous experiment in which we demonstrated that the microRNA(miRNA)cargo of preimplantation embryonic extracellular vesicles(EVs)influences embryo *** thus profiled the tsRNA cargo of EVs secreted by blastocysts and *** majority of tsRNAs was identified as tRNA halves originating from the 5'ends of *** the 148 differentially expressed tsRNAs,the 19 nt tRNA fragment(tRF)tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in EVs derived from ***-qPCR assays confirmed its significant up-regulation in non-blastocyst embryos and their conditioned medium compared to the blastocyst group(P<0.05).Inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 by supplementing antagomirs to the conditioned medium improved embryo hatching(P<0.05).Transcriptomic analysis of embryos treated with tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 antagomirs further showed differential expression of genes that are associated with embryo hatching and *** summary,tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 is up-regulated in non-blastocyst embryos and their secretions,and inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 promotes embryo hatching,while influencing embryo implantation-related genes and *** results indicate that embryonic EVs containing specific tRFs may regulate preimplantation embryo development.

关键词： Embryo Extracellular vesicles Hatching tRNA fragments ts RNAs

Agmatine ameliorates diabetes type 2-induced nephropathy in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第1期14卷 8-16页

作者： Fatemah O.Kamel Ohoud Shagroud Mai AAlim A.Sattar Ahmad Gamal S Abd El-Aziz Abdulhadi S.Burzangi Duaa Bakhshwin Maha Jamal Shahid Karim Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Anatomy Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Objective:To assess the nephroprotective potential of agmatine in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic ***:A single dose of streptozotocin(40 mg/kg)coupled with a fructose diet induced diabetes in Wistar ***(40 and 80 mg/kg)was administered to rats for 12 *** body weight and fasting blood glucose were measured *** level,urine output,total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,and cystatin-C were also determined at the end of the ***,superoxide dismutase,glutathione,interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were evaluated in kidney *** study was also performed using hematoxylin and eosin ***:Agmatine at both doses significantly increased final body weight,and lowered fasting blood glucose,urine output,insulin,total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,and cystatin-C levels compared with the diabetic group(P<0.05).Inflammatory markers and antioxidant effect were significantly improved in agmatine-treated ***,the histopathological changes in renal structure were ameliorated by agmatine ***:Agmatine alleviates diabetic nephropathy by improving renal functions and reducing inflammation and oxidative *** molecular mechanisms of its nephroprotective actions need to be investigated in future study.

关键词： Agmatine Type 2 diabetes Nephropathy Oxidative stress Nephroprotection

Intra-and interobserver reliability of ocular surface analyzer LacryDiag

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1418-1422页

作者： Eva Kos Valentina Cigić Mladen Bušić Mirjana Bjeloš Daliborka Miletić Biljana KuzmanovićElabjer University Eye Clinic University Hospital“Sveti Duh”Sveti Duh 64Zagreb 10000Croatia faculty of Dental medicine and health Care Osijek Faculty of Medicine OsijekUniversity Josip Juraj Strossmayer in OsijekOsijek 31000Croatia

AIM:To invastigate intra-and interobserver reliability of interferometry,tear meniscus height(TMH)measurement and meibography(MBG)of an ocular surface analyzer,LacryDiag(Quantel Medical,France).METHODS:Five consecutive measurements and subsequent analysis of interferometry,TMH,and MBG were recorded by two examiners using the *** assess intra-and interobserver reliability,we used Cohen’s kappa for categorical variables(interferometry),or intraclass correlation coefficient for continuous variables(TMH,MBG).RESULTS:Thirty eyes of 30 examinees were *** both observers,there was excellent intraobserver reliability for MBG(0.955 and 0.970 for observer 1 and 2,respectively).Intraobserver reliability for observer 1 was substantial for interferometry(0.799),and excellent for TMH(0.863).Reliability for observer 2 was moderate for interferometry(0.535)and fair to good for TMH(0.431).Interobserver reliability was poor for interferometry(0.074)and fair to good for TMH(0.680)and MBG(0.414).CONCLUSION:LacryDiag ocular surface analyzer in our study proves to be a reliable noninvasive tool for the evaluation of TMH and *** for interferometry,poor interobserver reliability,fair to good intraobserver reliability for observer 1,and moderate for observer 2,leave room for improvement.

关键词： dry eye ocular surface analyzer interferometry tear meniscus height meibography

Z-shaped incision without epithelial resection in pterygium surgery

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1262-1266页

作者： Satoru Kase Shinki Chin Susumu Ishida Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8638Japan

AIM:To introduce a novel surgical technique using a Z-shaped incision without epithelial resection in ophthalmic ***:This was a prospective *** pterygium surgery,all proliferative tissues were separated from the cornea and conjunctiva without resection of the *** unaffected conjunctiva was incised in a *** upper(or lower)conjunctival flap was sutured to the lower(or upper)normal conjunctiva on the limbal sclera,while the proliferative tissue was sutured to the upper conjunctiva(or lower)near the ***:Ten patients with pterygia were eligible for this *** patients with primary pterygia and 2 with recurrent pterygia were *** age of patients at surgery ranged from 47 to 90y(average:71.9y).Five patients each showed right and left-sided *** postoperative follow-up periods were from 8 to 78mo(average:25.0mo).The surgery was successfully conducted and wounds were favorably reconstructed in all *** proliferative tissues sutured to the normal conjunctiva showed palor and attenuated neovessles,and never showed re-growth after *** patients did not show *** pterygium was noted in 1 patient,but additional treatments were not ***:The procedure involves the reconstruction of pterygial tissue and normal conjunctiva using a Z-shaped *** scleral limbal wound can be covered with nonaffected conjunctiva without any excision of conjunctival epithelia in patients with primary or recurrent pterygia.

关键词： pterygium surgery Z-shape non-resection

Stepping up after spinal cord injury:negotiating an obstacle during walking

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1919-1929页

作者： Alain Frigon Charly G.Lecomte Department of Pharmacology-Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitéde SherbrookeCentre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada

Every day walking consists of frequent voluntary modifications in the gait pattern to negotiate *** spinal cord injury,stepping over an obstacle becomes *** over an obstacle requires sensorimotor transformations in several structures of the brain,including the parietal cortex,premotor cortex,and motor *** information and planning are transformed into motor commands,which are sent from the motor cortex to spinal neuronal circuits to alter limb trajectory,coordinate the limbs,and maintain *** spinal cord injury,bidirectional communication between the brain and spinal cord is disrupted and animals,including humans,fail to voluntarily modify limb trajectory to step over an ***,in this review,we discuss the neuromechanical control of stepping over an obstacle,why it fails after spinal cord injury,and how it recovers to a certain extent.

关键词： biomechanics locomotion neurophysiology obstacle negotiation spinal cord injury

Emerging and multifaceted potential contributions of polyphenols in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 154-169页

作者： Ileana González Cristian Lindner Ivan Schneider Erik Diaz Miguel Angel Morales Armando Rojas Biomedical Research Laboratories Faculty of MedicineCatholic University of MauleTalca 34600000Chile Department of Radiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ConcepciónConcepción 4030000Chile Centre of Primary Attention South Metropolitan Health ServiceSantiago 3830000Chile faculty of medicine Catholic University of MauleTalca 3460000Chile Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiago 8320000Chile

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is recognized as a serious public health concern with a considerable impact on human life,long-term health expenditures,and substantial health *** this context,the use of dietary polyphenols to prevent and manage T2DM is widely *** dietary compounds exert their beneficial effects through several actions,including the protection of pancreatic islet β-cell,the antioxidant capacities of these molecules,their effects on insulin secretion and actions,the regulation of intestinal microbiota,and their contribution to ameliorate diabetic complications,particularly those of vascular *** the present review,we intend to highlight these multifaceted actions and the molecular mechanisms by which these plant-derived secondary metabolites exert their beneficial effects on type 2 diabetes patients.

关键词： Polyphenols Antioxidants Oxidative stress Type 2 diabetes mellitus health benefits

A retrospective analysis of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in critically ill patients:Experience at a tertiary-care teaching hospital ICU

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Journal of Intensive medicine 2024年第2期4卷 181-186页

作者： Leyla Ferlicolak Neriman Defne Altintas Fugen Yoruk Department of Internal medicine Division of Intensive Care Unit Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey

Background Acinetobacter baumannii is a clinically significant pathogen with a high incidence of multidrug resistance that is associated with life-threatening nosocomial ***,we aimed to provide an insight into the clinical characteristics and outcomes of a unique group of *** infections in which the isolates were resistant to carbapenems and most other antibiotic groups in a tertiary-care intensive care unit(ICU).Methods We performed a retrospective observational study in which records of patients hospitalized in the ICU between June 1,2021 and June 1,2023 were *** checked the clinical,laboratory,and microbiological records of all adult patients who had carbapenem-resistant ***(CRAB)*** antibiotic treatments and definitive antibiotic treatments after culture positivity and susceptibility test results were recorded.C-reactive protein(CRP)and procalcitonin levels and leukocyte counts were *** of ICU stay and 30-day mortality were defined as the outcome *** During the study period,57 patients were diagnosed with CRAB *** respiratory tract was the leading infection site(80.7%).In non-survivors,bloodstream infections(21.9%vs.4.0%P=0.05)and colistin-resistant(col-R)CRAB infections(43.8%vs.24.0%,P=0.12)were more common than in survivors,but these parameters were not statistically *** length of ICU stay was not different between survivors and ***,the rate of col-R among CRAB clinical isolates was 35.1%.The 30-day mortality in all patients with CRAB infection was 56.1%.Mortality in col-R CRAB and colistin-susceptible(col-S)CRAB infections was 70.0%and 48.6%,respectively(P=0.12).Prior carbapenem use was 56.1%.Prior colistin use before col-R and col-S CRAB infections was not significant(35.0%vs.27.0%,P=0.53).Conclusions Our study provides real-world data on highly resistant *** infections and shares the characteristics of infections with such resistant stra

关键词： Mortality Colistin-resi stant Gram-negative bacteria MDR Intensive care unit

Using X Social Networks (formerly Twitter) and web news mining to predict the measles outbreak

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2024年第4期17卷 188-190页

作者： Kia Jahanbin Mohammad Jokar Vahid Rahmanian Department of Computer Engineering Yazd University YazdIran faculty of Veterinary medicine Karaj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKarajIran Department of Public health Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical SciencesTorbat JamIran

Measles,an infectious disease caused by the measles virus,remains a significant public health concern worldwide due to its highly contagious nature and potential for severe complications[1].In addition to symptoms such as high fever,cough,Koplik spots,and rash,measles can lead to serious complications including pneumonia and myocarditis,particularly in vulnerable populations such as young children[1,2].

关键词： Twitter web mining

Community Caregivers’ Experiences and Programmatic Strategies to Improve Active Case Finding in Community Tuberculosis Care in Botswana 2016-2021

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 105-118页

作者： Unami Modongo-Mathebula Mary Moleki Tefera Agizew faculty of health Sciences University of South Africa Pretoria South Africa Department of Family medicine and Public health Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana Gaborone Botswana

Background: The community tuberculosis care program was started to reduce the impact of TB and increase successful treatment outcomes, thus contributing to meeting WHO targets on TB. According to the Botswana Ministry of health, community tuberculosis care was introduced with the main goal of reducing tuberculosis-related morbidity and mortality among communities through the expansion of direct observed therapy and community involvement to community settings. The community caregivers were to support tuberculosis patients throughout their treatment period until they were cured or had completed their treatment. Settings: Two major cities of Botswana, Francistown and Gaborone, with more than twenty-two health clinics offering tuberculosis care. Objective: To investigate community caregivers’ experiences and identify programmatic strategies to improve active TB case findings under the community TB care (CTBC) program in Botswana during 2016-2021. Methods: We adopted a descriptive qualitative research design, followed by convenience purposive sampling. We obtained consent and interviewed 40 participants who met the inclusion criteria, 16 out of 73 in Gaborone and 24 out of 38 from Francistown. Results: We interviewed 40 caregivers with a mean age of 43.4 years. Accepting the caregiving role was identified as the main experience by more than two thirds of the caregivers. While at least more than two-fifth felt obligated to care for the patient at home due to personal relations. More than half of the respondents found caregiving difficult or frustrating due to some challenges encountered during the caregiving role. Behavioral modifications were suggested under different subthemes as strategies to improve active case finding. [-rId13-]Conclusion: Acceptance was the major experience in CTBC. Intensification of known programmatic strategies was suggested by caregivers to improve tuberculosis active case finding in CTBC.

关键词： Community Experiences Caregivers Active Case Finding Tuberculosis Community Tuberculosis Care