The effects of a harmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent are examined theoretically. It is ass...
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The effects of a harmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent are examined theoretically. It is assumed that the source is located outside the cavity at a specified distance from the borehole axis. The magnitudes of the hoop and radial stresses beside the pore pressures exerted on the interface and inside the porous medium surrounding the borehole are calculated and discussed. Biot's poroelastic modeling along with three types of boundary conditions for the cylindrical interface including the ideal fluid, empty borehole, and rigid inclusion with a hard boundary is employed for the analysis. Utilizing a proper translational addition theorem for expressing the incident spherical wave in terms of cylindrical wave expansions, the proposed boundary conditions at the interface are satisfied. Stresses are formulated by means of wave potential functions in a three-dimensional(3D) manner. The effects of the frequency and the radial distance between the source and borehole on the induced stresses are examined for the first cylindrical modes over frequency spectra. Two permeability conditions for the interface and three types of soils for the porous formation are considered throughout the analysis. To give an overall outline of the study, a numerical example is presented. The results clearly indicate that the distance is a key parameter and has considerable effects on the induced stress values. In addition, the interface permeability condition and soil characteristics play an important role in determining the dynamic response of the borehole. Finally,the obtained results are compared with the relevant analyses existing in the literature for some limit cases, and good agreement is achieved.
Aluminum alloys are widely used in industry due to their light *** alloys are generally exposed to abrasive wear,which diminishes their effective *** wear resistance of these alloys is enhanced by adding various reinf...
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Aluminum alloys are widely used in industry due to their light *** alloys are generally exposed to abrasive wear,which diminishes their effective *** wear resistance of these alloys is enhanced by adding various reinforcements,however,this enhancement comes at the cost of reduced fracture *** paradox of increased wear resistance versus decreased fracture toughness in aluminum alloys can be resolved by using functionally graded materials (FGMs).This study focuses on the abrasive wear behavior of functional graded aluminum matrix composites reinforced with Al_(3)Ti *** wear properties of the composites were investigated by considering the characteristics of the composite such as matrix type and various composite zones,as well as the wear parameters such as abrasive particle diameter,load,sliding speed and *** method was used in the abrasive wear tests in order to get more reliable results in a timeefficient *** recipes were created based on the L_(27)(3^(6)) orthogonal *** a result of the study,it is observed that the wear resistance of the composites increases with an increase in Al_(3)Ti reinforcement content and hardness of the *** addition,the size of abrasive particles and the applied load are significant factors affecting abrasive wear.
The ability to accurately predict urban traffic flows is crucial for optimising city ***,various methods for forecasting urban traffic have been developed,focusing on analysing historical data to understand complex mo...
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The ability to accurately predict urban traffic flows is crucial for optimising city ***,various methods for forecasting urban traffic have been developed,focusing on analysing historical data to understand complex mobility *** learning techniques,such as graph neural networks(GNNs),are popular for their ability to capture spatio-temporal ***,these models often become overly complex due to the large number of hyper-parameters *** this study,we introduce Dynamic Multi-Graph Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Ordinary Differential Equation Networks(DMST-GNODE),a framework based on ordinary differential equations(ODEs)that autonomously discovers effective spatial-temporal graph neural network(STGNN)architectures for traffic prediction *** comparative analysis of DMST-GNODE and baseline models indicates that DMST-GNODE model demonstrates superior performance across multiple datasets,consistently achieving the lowest Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)and Mean Absolute Error(MAE)values,alongside the highest *** the BKK(Bangkok)dataset,it outperformed other models with an RMSE of 3.3165 and an accuracy of 0.9367 for a 20-min interval,maintaining this trend across 40 and 60 ***,on the PeMS08 dataset,DMST-GNODE achieved the best performance with an RMSE of 19.4863 and an accuracy of 0.9377 at 20 min,demonstrating its effectiveness over longer *** Los_Loop dataset results further emphasise this model’s advantage,with an RMSE of 3.3422 and an accuracy of 0.7643 at 20 min,consistently maintaining superiority across all time *** numerical highlights indicate that DMST-GNODE not only outperforms baseline models but also achieves higher accuracy and lower errors across different time intervals and datasets.
In this study,we investigated improving the performance of a layered double hydroxide(LDH)for the adsorption of As(III)and As(V)by controlling the morphology of LDH *** LDH was synthesized via a simple coprecipitation...
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In this study,we investigated improving the performance of a layered double hydroxide(LDH)for the adsorption of As(III)and As(V)by controlling the morphology of LDH *** LDH was synthesized via a simple coprecipitation method using barely soluble MgO as a precursor and succinic acid(SA)as a morphological control *** the LDH crystals with carboxylate ions(RCOO−)derived from SA caused the crystals to develop in a radial *** changed the pore characteristics and increased the density of active surface ***,SA/MgFe-LDH showed excellent affinity for As(III)and As(V)with maximum sorption densities of 2.42 and 1.60 mmol/g,*** comparison,the pristine MgFe-LDH had sorption capacities of 1.56 and 1.31 mmol/g for As(III)and As(V),*** LDH was effective over a wide pH range for As(III)adsorption(pH 3-8.5)and As(V)adsorption(pH 3-6.5).Using a combination of spectroscopy and sorption modeling calculations,the main sorption mechanism of As(III)and As(V)on SA/MgFe-LDH was identified as inner-sphere complexation via ligand exchangewith hydroxyl group(-OH)and RCOO−.Specifically,bidentate As-Fe complexeswere proposed for both As(III)and As(V)uptake,with the magnitude of formation varying with the initial As ***,the As-laden adsorbent had satisfactory stability in simulated real landfill *** findings demonstrate that SA/MgFe-LDH exhibits considerable potential for remediation of As-contaminated water.
In recent years,extensiveresearch and development have been conducted on renewable energies to overcome the problems caused by fossil fuel *** the meantime,the production of hydrogen energy through electrochemical wat...
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In recent years,extensiveresearch and development have been conducted on renewable energies to overcome the problems caused by fossil fuel *** the meantime,the production of hydrogen energy through electrochemical water spltting(EWS)has been limited by various challenges,such as high required ***,other methods of hydrogen production may lead to environmental problems,such as greenhouse gas *** electrocatalysts can significantly mitigate the EWS ***-hydroxide compoundspossess unique properties that make them effective electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Additionally,the utilizationof the electrodeposition method,a binder-free technique,enables the production of electrodes exhibiting favorable electrocatalytic activity and *** review article provides an overview of the challenges associated with the EWS technique,highlighting the importance of transition metal oxy-hydroxide electrodes in facilitating the HER and OER ***,the paper evaluates the effectiveness of fabricated transition metal oxy-hydroxide electrodes through electrodeposition and suggests potential areas for future research on Ews.
Dissolved copper and iron ions are regarded as friendly and economic catalysts for peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation,however,neither Cu(Ⅱ)nor Fe(Ⅲ)shows efficient catalytic performance because of the slow rates of Cu...
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Dissolved copper and iron ions are regarded as friendly and economic catalysts for peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation,however,neither Cu(Ⅱ)nor Fe(Ⅲ)shows efficient catalytic performance because of the slow rates of Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ)and Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)***,we observed a significant enhancement on the degradation of organic contaminants when Cu(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ)were coupled to activate PMS in borate(BA)*** degradation efficiency of Rhodamine B(RhB,20μmol/L)reached up to 96.3%within 10 min,which was higher than the sum of individual Cu(Ⅱ)-and Fe(Ⅲ)-activated PMS *** radical,hydroxyl radical and high-valent metal ions(i.e.,Cu(Ⅲ)and Fe(IV))were identified as the working reactive species for RhB removal in Cu(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ)/PMS/BA system,while the last played a predominated *** presence of BA dramatically facilitated the reduction of Cu(Ⅱ)to Cu(Ⅰ)via chelating with Cu(Ⅱ)followed by Fe(Ⅲ)reduction by Cu(Ⅰ),resulting in enhanced PMS activation by Cu(Ⅰ)and Fe(Ⅱ)as well as accelerated generation of reactive ***,the strong buffering capacity of BA to stabilize the solution pH was satisfying for the pollutants degradation since a slightly alkaline environment favored the PMS activation by coupling Cu(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ).In a word,this work provides a brand-new insight into the outstanding PMS activation by homogeneous bimetals and an expanded application of iron-based advanced oxidation processes in alkaline conditions.
This paper deals with reduction of losses in electric power distribution system through a dynamic reconfiguration case study of a grid in the city of Mostar,Bosnia and *** proposed solution is based on a nonlinear mod...
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This paper deals with reduction of losses in electric power distribution system through a dynamic reconfiguration case study of a grid in the city of Mostar,Bosnia and *** proposed solution is based on a nonlinear model predictive control algorithm which determines the optimal switching operations of the distribution *** goal of the control algorithm is to find the optimal radial network topology which minimizes cumulative active power losses and maximizes voltages across the network while simultaneously satisfying all system *** optimization results are validated through multiple simulations(using real power demand data collected for a few characteristic days during winter and summer)which demonstrate the efficiency and usefulness of the developed control algorithm in reducing the grid losses by up to 14%.
Multiple tuned mass dampers(MTMDs)reduce dynamic response with multiple specified frequencies of building *** optimization algorithms for placement design exist,though they rarely conform to code-based verification no...
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Multiple tuned mass dampers(MTMDs)reduce dynamic response with multiple specified frequencies of building *** optimization algorithms for placement design exist,though they rarely conform to code-based verification nor produce high quality solutions without high computational effort and high *** study proposes an inverse element exchange method(IEEM)with multi-level programming and compares it to a single tuned mass damper(STMD)and uniform distribution of multiple tuned mass dampers in the frequency and time domains.A ten-story shear building is used for the numerical case *** results show that the proposed method can offer improvement over the STMD,uniform distribution of multiple tuned mass dampers,and distribution optimized by genetic algorithms(GA)with regard to minimizing the interstory drift ratio(IDR)in both the frequency and time domains and the time consumption for optimization.
Dye wastewater poses a significant threat to aquatic organisms due to its high *** or eliminating the dye waste from the water is necessary for a healthy and sustainable *** study investigated the adsorption propertie...
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Dye wastewater poses a significant threat to aquatic organisms due to its high *** or eliminating the dye waste from the water is necessary for a healthy and sustainable *** study investigated the adsorption properties of Congo red dye on Mytilus edulis shell powders prepared by calcination at 500℃,700℃,and 900℃.The modified shell powder products were analyzed by SEM(scanning eletron microscopy)and FTIR(fourier transform infrared spectroscopy)for the morphology and structural *** effects of different calcination temperatures,reaction times,reaction temperatures,and initial concentration of Congo red on the adsorption properties were *** adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption models were also *** results revealed that the shell powder calcinated at 900℃showed the best adsorption capacity on Congo red from aqueous *** adsorption reaction reached equilibrium after 150 min and followed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic *** 25℃,96.2%of the Congo red in the solution could be removed,and the adsorption capacity could reach at least 1015 mg g^(–1).The adsorption isotherm is fit with the Freundlich model,indicating a multiphase adsorption *** results are helpful for cleaning and treating printing and dyeing effluents as well as high-value utilization of shell waste resources.
17α-methyltestosterone(17α-MT)is an emerging pollutant,which is harmful to the endocrine system and reproduction of *** investigated the effects of different concentrations of 17α-MT(0,5,30,60,and 100 mg/kg)on endo...
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17α-methyltestosterone(17α-MT)is an emerging pollutant,which is harmful to the endocrine system and reproduction of *** investigated the effects of different concentrations of 17α-MT(0,5,30,60,and 100 mg/kg)on endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)and apoptosis in the liver of Takifugu *** show that:(1)with the increase of 17α-MT treatment concentration,liver transaminases(alanine aminotransferase;aspartate aminotransferase)and the mRNA expression of ERS marker genes(glucose-regulated protein 78;calreticulin)of *** were significantly increased compared with the control group(P<0.05);(2)the activity of succinate dehydrogenase(SDH),Caspase3 and Caspase9 in the liver of *** increased with the increase of 17α-MT concentration compared with the control group(P<0.05);(3)by using 4-phenylbutyricacid(4-PBA)inhibitors to stimulate ERS through in vitro experiments,the expression of ERS and apoptosis-related genes significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the apoptosis rate of *** hepatocytes was significantly inhibited(P<0.05)under 17α-MT *** study confirmed that ERS played an important role in the induction of apoptosis in the hepatocytes of ***,which enriched the ecotoxicological information of environmental androgens.
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