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Dissolved carbon in biochar:Exploring its chemistry,iron complexing capability,toxicity in natural redox environment

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Journal of environmental sciences 2025年第1期147卷 217-229页

作者： Chaochao Lai Juhong Zhan Qiuyun Chai Changlu Wang Xiaoxia Yang Huan He Bin Huang Xuejun Pan faculty of environmental science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Research Institute for environmental Innovation(Suzhou)Tsinghua Suzhou 215163China

Dissolved black carbon(DBC)plays a crucial role in the migration and bioavailability of iron in ***,the properties of DBC releasing under diverse pyrolysis conditions and dissolving processes have not been systematically ***,the compositions of DBC released from biochar through redox processes dominated by bacteria and light were thoroughly *** was found that the DBC released from straw biochar possess more oxygen-containing functional groups and aromatic *** content of phenolic and carboxylic groups in DBC was increased under influence of microorganisms and light,*** concentration of phenolic hydroxyl groups increased from 10.0~57.5 mmol/gC to 6.6~65.2 mmol/gC,and the concentration of carboxyl groups increased from49.7~97.5 mmol/gC to 62.1~113.3 mmol/*** the impacts of DBC on pyrite dissolution andmicroalgae growth were also *** complexing Fe^(3+)was proved to play a predominant role in the dissolution of ferrous mineral in DBC *** to complexing between iron ion and DBC,the amount of dissolved Fe in aquatic water may rise as a result of elevated number of aromatic components with oxygen containing groups and low molecular weight generated under light ***-DBC complexations in solution significantly promoted microalga growth,which might be attributed to the stimulating effect of dissolved Fe on the chlorophyll *** results of study will deepen our understanding of the behavior and ultimate destiny of DBC released into an iron-rich environment under redox conditions.

关键词： Dissolved black carbon Bacteria Light Iron complexes Toxicity

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Evidence for active generation and seepage of sub-salt natural gas/condensate blend in the east offshore Nile Delta, Egypt: Integrated geochemical, petrophysical and seismic attribute approaches

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Petroleum science 2025年第1期22卷 130-150页

作者： Mahmoud Leila Ahmed A.Radwan Amir Ismail Emad A.Eysa Geology Department Faculty of Science Mansoura University School of Mining and Geosciences Nazarbayev University Department of Geology Faculty of Science Al-Azhar UniversityAssiut Branch Department of Geology Faculty of Science Helwan University Department of Physical and environmental sciences Texas A&M University—Corpus Christi Geology Department Faculty of Science Zagazig University

Offshore Nile Delta in Egypt represents an enormous hydrocarbon province with recent projected gas and condensate discoveries of more than 50 trillion cubic feet “TCF”. Most of these occur in the post-salt hydrocarbon plays where biogenic gases are dominant. This study integrates organic geochemistry,seismic geomorphology and petrophysics in order to decipher the origin, and accumulation conditions of the wet gas/condensate blend in the Upper Miocene sub-salt Wakar Formation sandstones in Port Fouad Marine “PFM” Field, offshore Nile Delta. Hydrocarbon pay zones are scattered thin（ 1 w.t.%, hydrogen index“HI” > 200 mg HC/g TOC） and mature(Tmax> 430°C, vitrinite reflectance “VR” > 0.6 %R_o), source rocks are restricted to Upper Miocene Wakar and Oligo-Miocene Tineh formations. The latter contains more mature organofacies（up to 1.2 %R_o） and type II/III kerogen, thereby demonstrating a good capability to generate wet gases. The studied gas is wet and has thermogenic origin with signs of secondary microbial alteration, whereas the condensate contains a mixture of marine and terrestrial input. Molecular biomarkers of the condensate, isotopic and molecular composition of the gas reveals a generation of condensate prior to gas expulsion from the source. The Wakar sandstones have a heterogeneous pore system where three reservoir rock types（RRTI, RRTII and RRTIII）. RRTI rocks present the bulk composition of the Wakar pay zones. Spatial distribution of RRTI facies likely control the accumulation of the sub-salt hydrocarbons. Our results provide a new evidence on an active petroleum system in the sub-salt Paleogene successions in the offshore Nile Delta where concomitant generation of ga

关键词： Petrophysical evaluation Source rock Hydrocarbon geochemistry Biomarkers Gas chimneys Rock-typing

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Rare earth based photocatalysts for hydrogen peroxide production

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第3期43卷 405-416页

作者： Bailin Gao Zhaodong Wang Tengyang Gao Saisai Yuan Hui Yang Chuanxiang Chen School of environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology School of Municipal and environmental Engineering Henan University of Urban Construction College of Materials science and Engineering Fuzhou University College of environmental science and Engineering Yangzhou University

Hydrogen peroxide（H2O2） is a versatile compound with widespread applications in various *** addition,it has attracted inte rest as a potential energy carrier due to its high energy density and ability to release oxygen upon *** development of photocatalytic technology has enabled sustainable production of *** structural materials,including organic molecules,polymers,and metal coordination compounds,have been synthesized for investigating photocatalytic *** earth materials,in particular,are of interest due to their adjustable porosity and controllable metal active sites,making them valuable for research in this *** materials have excellent photoelectric properties,making them promise for the photocatalytic synthesis of *** limited reports on systematic reviews of photocatalytic H2O2production using rare earth materials,this study introduces the principles and advancements in this *** reviews different methods of photocatalytic synthesis of H2O2,focusing on rare earth *** comprehensive analysis and systematic studies in the existing literature,a deeper understanding of enhanced photocatalytic performance has been *** research not only contributes to advancing fundamental knowledge but also provides a solid foundation for practical applications.

关键词： Hydrogen peroxide production Photocatalysis Rare earths

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Effects of biomass co-pyrolysis and herbaceous plant colonization on the transformation of tailings into soil like substrate

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Journal of environmental sciences 2025年第1期147卷 230-243页

作者： Bin Zhu Meiyan Si Xin Xie Ximin Yan Jianhong Huang Senlin Tian Ping Ning faculty of environmental science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Guizhou Research Institute of Coal Mine Design Co. Ltd.Guiyang 550025China

Enhancing soil organic matter characteristics,ameliorating physical structure,mitigating heavy metal toxicity,and hastening mineral weathering processes are crucial approaches to accomplish the transition of tailings substrate to a soil-like *** incorporation of biomass co-pyrolysis and plant colonization has been established to be a significant factor in soil substrate formation and soil pollutant *** this,there is presently an absence of research efforts aimed at synergistically utilizing these two technologies to expedite the process of mining tailings soil substrate *** current study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of geochemical changes and rapid mineral weathering during the process of transforming tailings substrate into a soil-like substrate,under the combined effects of biomass co-smoldering pyrolysis and plant *** findings of this study suggest that the incorporation of smoldering pyrolysis and plant colonization induces a high-temperature effect and biological effects,which enhance the physical and chemical properties of tailings,while simultaneously accelerating the rate of mineral *** improvements include the amelioration of extreme pH levels,nutrient enrichment,the formation of aggregates,and an increase in enzyme activity,all of which collectively demonstrate the successful attainment of tailings substrate *** of the acceleratedweathering was verified by phase and surfacemorphology analysis using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron *** corrosion and fragmentation on the surface *** weathering resulted in corrosion and fragmentation of the surface of the treated *** study confirms that co-smoldering pyrolysis of biomass,combined with plant colonization,can effectively promote the transformation of tailings into soil-like *** method has can effectively address the key challenges that have previously hind

关键词： Smoldering Biomass co-pyrolysis Phytoremediation Soil-like substrate Tailing restoration

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Regulating the valence and size of the active center of Co/Al_(2)O_(3)catalyst improved the performance and selectivity of NH_(3)-SCO

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Journal of environmental sciences 2025年第4期150卷 188-201页

作者： Shengyi Wu Jiaxin Li Junjun Qiu Chunxue Wang Fei Wang Zhao Li Ping Ning Kai Li faculty of environmental science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China National-Regional Engineering Center for Recovery of Waste Gases from Metallurgical and Chemical Industries Kunming 650500China

To improve the activity of Co/Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts in selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia(NH_(3)-SCO),valence state and size of active centers of Al_(2)O_(3)-supported Co catalysts were adjusted by conducting H_(2)reduction *** NH_(3)-SCO activity of the adjusted 2Co/Al_(2)O_(3)catalyst was substantially improved,outperforming other catalysts with higher *** Co/Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts exhibited multitemperature reduction processes,enabling the control of the valence state of the Co-active centers by adjusting the reduction *** in the state of the Co-active centers also led to differences in redox capacity of the catalysts,resulting in different reaction mechanisms for NH_(3)-***,in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra revealed that an excessive O_(2)activation capacity caused overoxidation of NH_(3)to NO and NO_(2).The NH_(3)-SCO activity of the 2Co/Al_(2)O_(3)catalyst with low redox capacity was successfully increased while controlling and optimizing the N_(2)selectivity by modulating the active centers via H_(2)pretreatment,which is a universalmethod used for enhancing the redox properties of ***,this method has great potential for application in the design of inexpensive and highly active catalysts.

关键词： NH_(3)-SCO Active center O_(2)activation capacity Reaction mechanism H_(2)pretreatment

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Insights into the role of the different supports in copper-based catalysts for propane combustion

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2025年第1期35卷 187-193页

作者： Yarong Fang Shiqi Ma Zhixin Yu Chuanqi Pan Shipeng Wan School of environmental science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University College of environmental Engineering Henan University of Technology

The catalytic efficacy of copper-based catalysts for volatile organic compounds（VOCs） oxidation is significantly affected by the metal oxide support's chemical properties. However, rigorous comparative analyses on TiO2and CeO2supports are scarce. This study systematically constructs Cu/TiO2and Cu/CeO2catalysts and investigates their mechanisms in promoting propane oxidation. Cu/CeO2exhibits superior performance and stability. Our research reveals the key role of Cu-O-Ce interfacial architecture in forming Cu1+sites for efficient propane adsorption and triggering surface Olattgeneration, accelerating propane combustion. These findings elucidate Cu/CeO2catalyst enhanced performance and offer insights into non-noble metal catalysts. By demonstrating CeO2catalyst superiority, this study provides a basis for selecting optimal support materials to optimize catalyst performance, driving the development of cost-effective and eco-friendly catalytic technologies for air pollution control.

关键词： Copper-based catalysts Metal oxide support Propane oxidation Surface lattice oxygen

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Trends in Arctic summer cloud variability from 2000 to 2022 and the potential causes

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第4期68卷 1245-1260页

作者： Haotian ZHANG Chuanfeng ZHAO Annan CHEN Yikun YANG Jiefeng LI Xin ZHAO Yue ZHOU Hao FAN Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic sciences School of PhysicsPeking University faculty of Geographical science Beijing Normal University Department of Civil and environmental Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology School of Systems science Beijing Normal University

Climate change in the Arctic serves as a pivotal indicator of alterations in the global climate system, with clouds playing an essential role in regulating the surface radiative energy balance in the Arctic. Elucidating the patterns of Arctic cloud variability and the underlying mechanisms is of paramount scientific importance for understanding Arctic climate *** analysis of Arctic cloud characteristics reveals that since the onset of the 21st century, low clouds have predominantly comprised the Arctic summer cloud fraction(approximately 60%), followed by middle clouds(approximately 30%). The total-cloud fraction has exhibited a marked increasing trend, especially in the Beaufort Sea and Chukchi Sea(0.45%/yr). An attribution analysis suggests that the changes in the Arctic cloud fraction are chiefly driven by trends in two atmospheric circulation modes: The Arctic Oscillation(AO) and the Arctic dipole anomaly(DA). During positive phases of the AO, the cloud fraction increases across all Arctic basins. Conversely, in the positive phases of the DA, the cloud fraction decreases in the Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, and Greenland Sea, whereas it increases in the East Siberian Sea, Kara Sea, and Barents Sea,indicating an “east-west” dipole distribution. Since 2000, the AO has been on an upward trend, whereas the DA has been declining. The combined effect of these two modes has resulted in a significant increase in the cloud fraction within the Beaufort Sea region. Further examination of cloud radiative effects indicates that an increase in the cloud fraction intensifies both longwave warming and shortwave cooling effects, leading to an overall net negative radiative effect. Analyzing the long-term trends in Arctic summer clouds enhances our comprehension of Arctic climate change.

关键词： Arctic cloud Cloud radiative effect Atmospheric circulation Arctic oscillation Arctic dipole anomaly

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Effect of Cu/HZSM-5 sorbents with different Si/Al ratios on the adsorption and oxidation performance of H_(2)S

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Journal of environmental sciences 2025年第5期151卷 161-173页

作者： Kaini Ma Kai Li Ping Ning Jiayu Feng Jiacheng Bao Lei Shi Xiangyu Wang Xin Sun faculty of environmental science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China National-Regional Engineering Center for Recovery of Waste Gases from Metallurgical and Chemical Industries Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China

This study employed a wet impregnation method to synthesize five types of Cu/HZSM-5 adsorbents with Si/Al ratios of 25,50,85,200,and 300,used for the removal of H_(2)S in lowtemperature,low-oxygen *** impact of different Si/Al ratios on the adsorption oxidative performance of Cu_(30)/HZSM-5–85 adsorbents was *** to the performance test results,Cu_(30)/HZSM-5–85 exhibited the highest breakthrough capacity,reaching 231.75 mg H_(2)S/g_(sorbent).Cu/HZSM-5 sorbent maintains a strong ability to remove H_(2)S even under humid conditions and shows excellent water ***,BET,and XPS results revealed that CuO is the primary active species,with Cu_(30)/HZSM-5–85 having the largest surface area and highest CuO content,providing more active sites for H_(2)S adsorption.H_(2)-TPR and O_(2)-TPD results confirmed that Cu_(30)/HZSM-5–85 sorbent exhibits outstanding redox properties and oxygen storage capacity,contributing to excellent oxygen transferability in the molecular sieve adsorption-oxidation *** notable characteristics such as a large surface area,high desulfurization efficiency,and water resistance,Cu_(30)/HZSM-5–85 sorbents hold significant importance for industrial applications.

关键词： H_(2)S Si/Al ratio Adoration-oxidation Cu/HZSM-5-85(HZSM-5 with Si/Al ratio of 85 loaded Cu)

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Tremendously enhanced catalytic performance of Fe(Ⅲ)/peroxymonosulfate process by trace Cu(Ⅱ):A high-valent metals domination in organics removal

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Journal of environmental sciences 2025年第1期147卷 487-497页

作者： Jieli Ou Yiqing Liu Linyue Zhang Zhenran Wang Yuqi Tang Yongsheng Fu Dandan Zhao faculty of Geosciences and environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China

Dissolved copper and iron ions are regarded as friendly and economic catalysts for peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation,however,neither Cu(Ⅱ)nor Fe(Ⅲ)shows efficient catalytic performance because of the slow rates of Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ)and Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)***,we observed a significant enhancement on the degradation of organic contaminants when Cu(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ)were coupled to activate PMS in borate(BA)*** degradation efficiency of Rhodamine B(RhB,20μmol/L)reached up to 96.3%within 10 min,which was higher than the sum of individual Cu(Ⅱ)-and Fe(Ⅲ)-activated PMS *** radical,hydroxyl radical and high-valent metal ions(i.e.,Cu(Ⅲ)and Fe(IV))were identified as the working reactive species for RhB removal in Cu(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ)/PMS/BA system,while the last played a predominated *** presence of BA dramatically facilitated the reduction of Cu(Ⅱ)to Cu(Ⅰ)via chelating with Cu(Ⅱ)followed by Fe(Ⅲ)reduction by Cu(Ⅰ),resulting in enhanced PMS activation by Cu(Ⅰ)and Fe(Ⅱ)as well as accelerated generation of reactive ***,the strong buffering capacity of BA to stabilize the solution pH was satisfying for the pollutants degradation since a slightly alkaline environment favored the PMS activation by coupling Cu(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ).In a word,this work provides a brand-new insight into the outstanding PMS activation by homogeneous bimetals and an expanded application of iron-based advanced oxidation processes in alkaline conditions.

关键词： Peroxymonosulfate Bimetallic catalyst Borate High-valent metals Complexation

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Comparing disaggregation approaches DSMART and PPD in disaggregating soil series maps

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Pedosphere 2025年第2期35卷 387-404页

作者： Tahmid Huq EASHER Daniel SAURETTE Brandon HEUNG Adam GILLESPIE Richard J.HECK Asim BISWAS School of environmental sciences University of Guelph Department of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Dalhousie University

Conventional soil maps(CSMs) often have multiple soil types within a single polygon, which hinders the ability of machine learning to accurately predict soils. Soil disaggregation approaches are commonly used to improve the spatial and attribute precision of CSMs. The approach disaggregation and harmonization of soil map units through resampled classification trees(DSMART) is popular but computationally intensive, as it generates and assigns synthetic samples to soil series based on the areal coverage information of CSMs. Alternatively, the disaggregation approach pure polygon disaggregation(PPD) assigns soil series based solely on the proportions of soil series in pure polygons in CSMs. This study compared these two disaggregation approaches by applying them to a CSM of Middlesex County, Ontario, Canada. Four different sampling methods were used: two sampling designs, simple random sampling(SRS) and conditional Latin hypercube sampling(cLHS), with two sample sizes(83 100 and 19 420 samples per sampling plan), both based on an area-weighted approach. Two machine learning algorithms(MLAs), C5.0 decision tree(C5.0) and random forest(RF), were applied to the disaggregation approaches to compare the disaggregation accuracy. The accuracy assessment utilized a set of 500 validation points obtained from the Middlesex County soil survey report. The MLA C5.0(Kappa index = 0.58–0.63) showed better performance than RF(Kappa index = 0.53–0.54) based on the larger sample size,and PPD with C5.0 based on the larger sample size was the best-performing(Kappa index = 0.63) approach. Based on the smaller sample size, both cLHS(Kappa index = 0.41–0.48) and SRS(Kappa index = 0.40–0.47) produced similar accuracy results. The disaggregation approach PPD exhibited lower processing capacity and time demands(1.62–5.93 h) while yielding maps with lower uncertainty as compared to DSMART(2.75–194.2 h). For CSMs predominantly composed of pure polygons, utilizing PPD for soil series disaggregatio

关键词： conditioned Latin hypercube sampling conventional soil map machine learning algorithm processing capacity and time sample size simple random sampling soil map unit soil series disaggregation

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