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Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Extracted from Crab Shell Using the Hydrothermal Method with Varying Holding Times

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第6期12卷 1145-1163页

作者： Deni Fajar Fitriyana Rifky Ismail Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno Januar Parlaungan Siregar Tezara Cionita Department of mechanical engineering Faculty of EngineeringDiponegoro UniversitySemarangJawa Tengah50275Indonesia Department of mechanical engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Negeri SemarangGunung PatiSemarang50229Indonesia Center for Biomechanics BiomaterialBiomechatronicsand Biosignal Processing(CBIOM3s)Diponegoro UniversitySemarang50275Indonesia automotive engineering Center(AEC) Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah(UMPSA)PahangMalaysia faculty of mechanical&automotive engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahPekan26600Malaysia faculty of engineering and Quantity Surveying INTI International UniversityNilaiMalaysia

Hydroxyapatite(HA)is a bio ceramic commonly utilized in bone tissue engineering due to its bioactive and osteoconductive *** shells are usually disregarded as waste material despite their significant CaCO_(3) content,and have not been widely utilized in the synthesis of *** study aims to synthesize and analyze HA derived from crab shells using the hydrothermal method with different durations of holding *** study utilized precipitated calcium carbonate(PCC)derived from crab *** a hydrothermal reactor set at 160℃ and varying holding times of 14(HA_14),16(HA_16),and 18(HA_18)h,a PCC and(NH4)2HPO4 mixture was used to synthesize *** synthesis results were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and X-ray diffraction(XRD)*** study has accomplished the synthesis of HA from crab ***,the final product of synthesis still contained CaCO_(3) as an *** prolonged hydrothermal holding time of 14 to 18 h resulted in a reduction of impurities while increasing the percentage of crystal weight and crystallite size of *** CH_18 is the best-quality product generated in this *** specimen produced HA with the highest percentage of crystal weight and crystallite size compared to the other ***,specimen CH_18 exhibited the lowest concentration of *** Ca/P ratio in this specimen was also the closest to *** Ca/P ratio,crystallite size,and crystal weight percentage of this specimen are 1.54,19.06 nm,and 99.1%,respectively.

关键词： Hydroxyapatite crab shells CaCO_(3) hydrothermal holding time

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Review of MXenes as a component in smart textiles and an adsorbent for textile wastewater remediation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 208-222页

作者： Kaniz Farhana Kumaran Kadirgama Abu Shadate Faisal Mahamude Rajan Jose Department of Apparel engineering Bangladesh University of TextilesDhaka 1208Bangladesh faculty of mechanical and automotive engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang26600 PekanPahangMalaysia Center of automotive engineering Universiti Malaysia PahangMalaysia College of engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang26300 GambangPahangMalaysia faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang26300 KuantanMalaysia Center of Intelligent Materials Universiti Malaysia Pahang26300 KuantanMalaysia

Two-dimensional(2D)MXenes have emerged as an archetypical layered material combining the properties of an organic-inorganic hybrid offering materials sustainability for a range of *** surface functional groups and the associated chemical properties'tailorability through functionalizing MXenes with other materials as well as hydrophilicity and high conductivity enable them to be the best successor for various applications in textile industries,especially in the advancement of smart textiles and remediation of textile ***-based textile composite performs superb smartness in high-performance wearables as well as in the reduction of textile dyes from *** article critically reviews the significance of MXenes in two sectors of the textile ***,we review the improvement of textile raw materials such as fiber,yarn,and fabric by using MXene as electrodes in supercapacitors,pressure ***,we review advancements in the removal of dyes from textile wastewater utilizing MXene as an absorbent by the adsorption ***-based textiles demonstrated superior strength through the strong bonding between MXene and textile structures as well as the treatment of adsorbate by adsorbent(MXene in the adsorption process).We identify critical gaps for further research to enable their real-life applications.

关键词： Textile fibers Industrial wastewater treatment MAX phases Hybrid electrodes Adsorption

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Effect of Pre-strain on Microstructure and Stamping Performance of High-strength Low-alloy Steel

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第3期39卷 774-780页

作者：刘坡 WEN Zhicheng LIU Zheng 许峰 School of mechanical engineering Guilin University of Aerospace TechnologyGuilin 541004China School of automotive Engineer-ing Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu 215500China

In this study,pre-strain ranging from 0 to 0.12 was applied through uniaxial tension on high-strength low-alloy(HSLA)specimens with four kinds of grain *** of pre-strain and grain size on me-chanical property was investigated through tensile *** of the pre-strained and tensile tested samples were analyzed,*** 30.8°v-bending and following flattening,as well as Erichson cupping tests,were performed on the pre-strained *** show the elongation ratio of grain and dislocation density increases with *** platform is removed when pre-strain is larger than 0.06 while yielding plateau period decreases with pre-strain less than 0.06 due to reduction of pinning *** 30.8°v-bending and the following flattening tests are successfully accomplished on all the pre-strained samples with different grain *** in grain size,along with increase in pre-strain,causes increase in strength and decrease in elongation rate as well as cupping ***-strain causes very slight effect on bending ability,much less than that on mechanical property and cupping test *** impact of the pre-strain and grain size on HSLA steel deformability is inconspicuous.

关键词： strain hardening dislocation texture bending erichson cupping test

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Nonlinear dynamic modeling of planar moving Timoshenko beam considering non-rigid non-elastic axial effects

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 479-496页

作者： M.ABBASI GAVARI M.R.HOMAEINEZHAD faculty of mechanical engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19991-43344Iran

Due to the importance of vibration effects on the functional accuracy of mechanical systems,this research aims to develop a precise model of a nonlinearly vibrating single-link mobile flexible *** manipulator consists of an elastic arm,a rotary motor,and a rigid carrier,and undergoes general in-plane rigid body motion along with elastic transverse *** accurately model the elastic behavior,Timoshenko’s beam theory is used to describe the flexible arm,which accounts for rotary inertia and shear deformation *** applying Newton’s second law,the nonlinear governing equations of motion for the manipulator are derived as a coupled system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)and partial differential equations(PDEs).Then,the assumed mode method(AMM)is used to solve this nonlinear system of governing equations with appropriate shape *** assumed modes can be obtained after solving the characteristic equation of a Timoshenko beam with clamped boundary conditions at one end and an attached mass/inertia at the *** addition,the effect of the transverse vibration of the inextensible arm on its axial behavior is *** the axial rigidity,the effect makes the rigid body dynamics invalid for the axial behavior of the ***,numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed model,and the results are compared with those obtained by the finite element *** comparison confirms the validity of the proposed dynamic model for the *** to the mentioned features,this model can be reliable for investigating the system’s vibrational behavior and implementing vibration control algorithms.

关键词： planar moving Timoshenko beam non-rigid non-elastic axial effect as-sumed mode method(AMM) nonlinear motion analysis

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Nonlocal isogeometric analysis for bidirectional functionally graded porous curved microbeams with arbitrary boundary conditions

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第8期40卷 194-218页

作者： Thu-Huong Nguyen Thi Van Ke Tran Van-Minh Phung Van Hai Trinh Quoc Hoa Pham faculty of mechanical engineering Hanoi University of IndustryHanoi100000Vietnam faculty of mechanical engineering Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoi100000Vietnam Institute of Vehicle and Energy engineering Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoi100000Vietnam faculty of engineering and Technology Nguyen Tat Thanh UniversityHo Chi Minh City700000Vietnam

This research aims to analyze the static bending and free vibration behaviors of bidirectional functionally graded porous(BFGP)curved microbeams with elastic boundary conditions resting on a Pasternak’s elastic foundation in a hygro-thermal *** analysis based on non-uniform rational B-splines,first-order shear deformation theory,nonlocal elasticity theory combined with the modified strain gradient theories,modified Timoshenko beam theory are formulated to depict bending and shear deformations of BFGP curved ***,because using the modified Timoshenko beam theory,this study removes the requirement for a shear correction factor and describes shear stress by zero at the upper and lower cross-sectional sites of the BFGP curved *** from traditional boundary conditions,where the beginning and end positions of a curved beam are connected by an elastic system of straight and torsion *** allows for greater flexibility in controlling the stiffness of the springs to obtain arbitrary *** assess the accuracy and convergence of the proposed approach,validation numerical examples were conducted in the various examples.

关键词： Bidirectional functionally graded porous material Elastic boundary condition Isogeometric analysis Curved microbeams Nonlocal elasticity theory Modified strain gradient theory

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Determination of Material Parameters of EVA Foam under Uniaxial Compressive Testing Using Hyperelastic Models

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第3期39卷 800-804页

作者： Nattapong Sangkapong Fasai Wiwatwongwana Nattawit Promma Department of mechanical engineering Faculty of EngineeringChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50300Thailand Department of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Faculty of EngineeringPathumwan Institute of TechnologyBangkok 10330Thailand

The objective of this research was to determine the mechanical parameter from EVA foam and also investigate its behavior by using Blatz-Ko,Neo-Hookean,Mooney model and experimental *** physical characteristic of EVA foam was also evaluated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results show that Blatz-Ko and Neo-Hookean model can fit the curve at 5%and 8%strain,*** Mooney model can fit the curve at 50%*** modulus of rigidity evaluated from Mooney model is 0.0814±0.0027 *** structure of EVA foam from SEM image shows that EVA structure is a closed cell with homogeneous porous *** the result,it is found that Mooney model can adjust the data better than other *** model can be applied for mechanical response prediction of EVA foam and also for reference value in engineering application.

关键词： hyperelastic models modulus of rigidity EVA foam curve fitting method strain energy function uniaxial compressive testing

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Investigation on combustion and emission characteristics of diesel polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers blend fuels with exhaust gas recirculation and double injection strategy

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 614-630页

作者： Xin Su Rui Su Nan Gao Hao Chen Zhenhua Ji Hongming Xu Biao Wang Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Transportation Energy and automotive Energy Saving Chang'an University School of Vechicle engineering Xi'an Aeronautical University Department of mechanical engineering University of Birmingham

As a kind of renewable and high oxygen content fuel, polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether（PODE） can be added in diesel to realize energy saving and emissions reduction. To evaluate the combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with diesel and diesel/PODE mixtures, exhaust gas recirculation（EGR） and main-pilot injection strategies with various injection timings were applied. PODE was blended with diesel by volume to form mixtures which were marked as D100（pure diesel）, D90P10（90% diesel + 10% PODE）,and D80P20（80% diesel + 20% PODE）. The results showed that the ignition delay（ID） and combustion duration（CD） of D80P20 were the shortest because of the highest cetane number（CN） and high oxygen content of PODE, indicating more concentrated heat *** low and medium loads, D80P20 achieved the highest peak heat release ratio（PHRR） and peak combustion temperature（PCT） among the three fuels, and it was 14.3% and 3.6%higher than those of D100. PODE blending with diesel can significantly reduce particulate matter（PM） and D80P20 has the lowest PM emissions at all loads. Compared with D100,both PM and nitrogen oxide（NOx） emissions of PODE blends decreased simultaneously with 20% EGR at all loads. With the increase of pilot-main interval, the ID and CD of all test fuels increased, while the NOxand PM emissions decreased. The conclusions of the present research provide a state of the application in light-duty engines fueled with diesel/PODE blends in future work.

关键词： Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers Diesel engine NO x Particulate number Pilot plus main injections

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Flow Loss Mechanism in a Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Centrifugal Compressor at Low Flow Rate Conditions

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 114-125页

作者： YANG Zimu JIANG Hongsheng ZHUGE Weilin CAI Ruikai YANG Mingyang CHEN Haoxiang QIAN Yuping ZHANG Yangjun State Key Laboratory of automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of mechanical engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

With the advantages of high efficiency and compact structure,supercritical carbon dioxide(sC02)Brayton cycles have bright prospects for development in energy conversion *** one of the core components of the power cycle,the centrifugal compressor tends to operate near the critical point(304.13 K,7.3773 MPa).Normally,the compressor efficiency increases as the inlet temperature *** the inlet temperature is close to the critical point,the density increases sharply as the temperature decreases,which results in quickly decreasing of volume flow rate and efficiency *** flow loss mechanism of the sCO_(2) compressor operating at low flow rate is studied in this *** fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations for sCO_(2)compressor were carried out at various inlet temperatures and various mass flow *** the sCO_(2)compressor operates at low volume flow rate,the flow loss is generated mainly on the suction side near the trailing edge of the *** flow loss is related to the counterclockwise vortexes generated on the suction side of the main *** vortexes are caused by the flow separation in the downstream region of the impeller passage,which is different from air compressors operating at low flow *** reason for this flow separation is that the effect of Coriolis force is especially severe for the sCO_(2) fluid,compared to the viscous force and inertial *** lower flow rates,with the stronger effect of Coriolis force,the direction of relative flow velocity deviates from the direction of radius,resulting in its lower radial *** lower radial relative flow velocity leads to severe flow separation on the suction side near the trailing edge of the main blade.

关键词： supercritical CO_(2) centrifugal compressor flow loss mechanism Coriolis force

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Challenges and opportunities in the production of magnesium parts by directed energy deposition processes

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1663-1686页

作者： Gürel Cam Ali Günen Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey

Mg-alloys have gained considerable attention in recent years for their outstanding properties such as lightweight,high specific strength,and corrosion resistance,making them attractive for applications in medical,aerospace,automotive,and other transport ***,their widespread application is hindered by their low formability at room temperature due to limited slip *** Mg-alloys have low mechanical properties due to the presence of casting defects such as porosity and anisotropy in addition to the high *** casting methods benefit from established process optimization techniques for these problems,additive manufacturing methods are increasingly replacing casting methods in Mg alloys as they provide more precise control over the microstructure and allow specific grain orientations,potentially enabling easier optimization of anisotropy properties in certain *** metal additive manufacturing(MAM)technology also results in some manufacturing defects such as inhomogeneous microstructural evolution and porosity and additively manufactured Mg alloy parts exhibit lower properties than the wrought parts,they in general exhibit superior properties than the cast ***,MAM is a promising technique to produce Mg alloy *** energy deposition processes,particularly wire arc directed energy deposition(WA-DED),have emerged as an advantageous additive manufacturing(AM)technique for metallic materials including magnesium alloys,offering advantages such as high deposition rates,improved material efficiency,and reduced production costs compared to subtractive ***,the inherent challenges associated with magnesium,such as its high reactivity and susceptibility to oxidation,pose unique hurdles in the application of this *** review paper delves into the progress made in the application of DED technology to Mg-alloys,its challenges,and ***,the predominant imperfections,notably inhomo

关键词： Additive manufacturing DED processes Arc-DED Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM) 3-D printing High deposition rate

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Experimental study on the feasibility of alternative materials for tilting pad thrust bearings operating in transition to mixed friction

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 812-822页

作者： MichałWASILCZUK MichałWODTKE faculty of mechanical engineering and Ship Technology Gdańsk University of TechnologyGdańsk 80-233Poland

In hydrodynamic bearings traditional bearing alloys:Babbitts and bronzes are most frequently *** sliding layers are sometimes applied as a valuable *** diamond-like carbon(DLC)coatings,which are also considered for certain applications may show some advantages,as *** material selection is of secondary importance in a full film lubrication regime it becomes important in mixed friction conditions,which is crucial for bearings with frequent starts and *** research aimed at studying the performance of fluid film bearings in the specific operating regime,including the transition to mixed friction,is described in the *** tests were carried out on four tilting pad bearings of different material compositions:Steel/bronze,DLC/steel,steel/polyether ether ketone(PEEK),and steel/*** tests comprised stopping under load and reproduction of the Stribeck curve by decreasing rotational speed to very low values,and observing the changes of friction force during the transition to mixed friction *** of the transition conditions and other results showed clear differences between the tested bearings,illustrating the feasibility of less popular material compositions for bearings operating in specific *** specifically,the DLC/steel bearing was demonstrating superior performance,*** friction,transition to mixed friction occurring at higher load,and more stable performance at start-stop regime over the other tested bearings.

关键词： tilting pad thrust bearing experimental research start-stop regime polyether ether ketone(PEEK) diamond-like carbon(DLC)coating metallic bearing alloys

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