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Yield and quality of maize following the foliar application of a fertilizer based on the byproduct “shale water”

Agricultural Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 56-65页

作者： Rafael da Silva Messias Vanessa Galli Manoel Artigas Schirmer Clenio Nailto Pillon Sérgio delmar dos Anjos e Silva Carlos Augusto Posser Silveira Cesar Valmor Rombaldi Embrapa Clima Temperado Pelotas Brazil Embrapa Clima Temperado Pelotas Brazil Centro de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Embrapa Clima Temperado Pelotas Brazil faculdade de agronomia eliseu maciel Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil faculdade de agronomia eliseu maciel Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil

The water extracted from the shale rock (shale water) through the pyrolysis process to obtain fuel oil and other products shows a composition based on organic compounds and a wide range of minerals and trace elements with an important role in plant nutrition, suggesting its use as a fertilizer. Thus, the influence of foliar application of shale water (SW), with or without the micronutrients zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), boro (B) and molybdenum (Mo), was evaluated regarding yield and quality of maize grains. The yield, the total antioxidant activity, and the content of starch, phenolic compounds and carotenoids were improved in maize grains following the application of three doses of 7 L/ha of SW, which indicates that SW may influence the primary and secondary metabolisms. The application of SW with micronutrients resulted in the increase of grain yield;however, did not result in the improvement of grain quality. The foliar fertilizer formulations also had an influence in the content of minerals and aminoacids of the grain. The results indicate that SW has potential to be used in agriculture to improve yield and quality of maize.

关键词： Maize Shale Water Foliar Application Grain Quality Biofortification

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Estimation of Evapotranspiration by Various Net Radiation Estimation Formulae for Non-Irrigated Grass in Brazil

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第15期6卷 1425-1436页

作者： Antonio Ribeiro da Cunha Edgar Ricardo Schoffel Clovis Alberto Volpe School of Agronomic Sciences Sao Paulo State University(UNESP)BotucatuBrazil eliseu maciel School of Agronomy Federal University of PelotasPelotasBrazil

The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of estimating evapotranspiration (ET) using the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (FAO-56-PM) model, with measured and estimated net radiation (Rnmeasured and Rnestimated, respectively), the latter obtained via five different models. We used meteorological data collected between August 2005 and June 2008, on a daily basis and on a seasonal basis (wet vs. dry seasons). The following data were collected: temperature;relative humidity;global global solar radiation (Rs);wind speed and soil heat flux. The atmospheric pressure was determined by aneroid barograph, and sunshine duration was quantified with a Campbell-Stokes recorder. In addition to the sensor readings (Rnmeasured), five different models were used in order to obtain the Rnestimated. Four of those models consider the effects of cloud cover: the original Brunt model;the FAO-24 model for wet climates;the FAO-24 model for dry climates, and the FAO-56 model. The fifth was a linear regression model based on Rs. In estimating the daily ET0 with the FAO-56-PM model, Rnmeasured can be replaced by Rnestimated, in accordance with the FAO-24 model for dry climates, with a relative error of 2.9%, or with the FAO-56 model, with an error of 4.9%, when Rs is measured, regardless of the season. The Rnestimated obtained with the fifth model has a relatively high error. The original Brunt model and FAO-24 model for wet climates performed more poorly than did the other models in estimating the Rn and ET0. In overcast conditions, the original Brunt model, the FAO-24 model for wet climates, the FAO-24 model for dry climates, the FAO-56 model and the model of linear regression with Rs as the predictor variable tended to overestimate Rn and ET, those estimates becoming progressively more accurate as the cloud cover diminished.

关键词： Evapotranspiration Net Radiation Solar Radiation Cloud Cover Empirical Models

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Adaptability, Stability and Multivariate Selection by Mixed Models

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第13期8卷 3324-3337页

作者： Alan Junior de Pelegrin Ivan Ricardo Carvalho Andrei Caíque Pires Nunes Gustavo Henrique demari Vinicíus Jardel Szareski Mauricio Horbach Barbosa Tiago Corazza da Rosa Mauricio Ferrari Maicon Nardino Osmarino Pires dos Santos Marcos deon Vilela de Resende Velci Queiróz de Souza Antonio Costa de Oliveira Luciano Carlos da Maia Federal University of Pelotas Center of Genomics and Plant Breeding Avenida Eliseu Maciel Capao do Leao Brazil Federal University of Vicosa Center of Exact and Technological Sciences Vicosa Brazil Federal University of Santa Maria Frederico Westphalen Campus Frederico Westphalen Brazil Federal University of Pampa Campus Dom Pedrito Bagé Brazil

The aim of this work was to estimate the adaptability and stability of grain yield per hectare and percentage of crude protein of maize grains combined in an index, and to establish a multicharacter selection through mixed models based on an objective character and 15 auxiliary traits. The trials were conducted in the 2013/2014 agricultural year in four growing environments of the Rio Grande do Sul, BR state. The experimental design was randomized blocks arranged in a factorial scheme, being four growing sites × 15 single cross maize hybrids, arranged in three repetitions. The genotypic index, composed by the grain yield and the crude protein percentage in the grains, is the best selection strategy to achieve maize superior genotypes. The multivariate genotypes selection, considering grain yield and crude protein, is efficient. The genotypes FORMULA TL®, AS1656PRO®, P30F53Hx®, LG6304YG®and 30F53 are more adapted and stable for grain yield and percentage of crude protein, in the conditions of this study. The mixed models were efficient to employ the multicharacter selection and to contribute for maize genetic breeding.

关键词： Plant Breeding Zea mays L. Phenotypic Index Genetic Parameters Multicharacter

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Physiological Performance of Rice Seeds Treated to Thiamethoxam and Placed under Storage

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第26期5卷 3788-3795页

作者： Andreia da Siva Almeida Cristiane deuner Carolina Terra Borges Adilson Jauer Geri Eduardo Meneghello Lilian Madruga de Tunes Francisco Amaral Villela Paulo dejalma Zimmer PPG em Ciência e Tecnologia de Sementes Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brasil Syngenta Crop Protection Pelotas Brasil

High-yielding crops can only achieve their potential when the appropriate technological tools are applied and weather conditions do not impose restrictions. One such technological tool is the treatment of seeds, in which different products are used and, in some cases, cause little-known effects capable of modifying the plant’s metabolism and/or its morphology. The insecticide thiamethoxam alters the plant’s physiology and morphology, accelerating its development, thus enhancing its vigor. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of thiamethoxam on the physiological performance of rice seeds during storage. The research was conducted in a green-house and at the laboratory of the department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agronomy eliseu maciel —UFPel (Federal University of Pelotas). Rice seeds from cultivars INIA Olimar and El Paso L144 were treated to a commercial product containing 350 grams of active ingredient thiamethoxam at doses of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 g per 100 kg of seed. Seeds were tested for physiological quality immediately after being treated (check treatment) and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months under storage, through germination test, cold test, accelerated aging and greenhouse emergence test. The concentration range from 200 to 400 g a.i. 100 kg-1 seed yielded the highest germination and seed vigor values for both rice cultivars during the storage period.

关键词： Oryza sativa (L.) Bioactivator Vigor Seed Viability

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