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β-defensins and the epididymis： contrasting influences of prenatal, postnatal, and adult scenarios

Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第2期18卷 323-328,J0008页

作者： Camilla M Ribeiro Erick JR Silva Barry T Hinton Maria Christina W Avellar Section of Experime.ntaI.Endocrinology Department of Pharmacology Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina Sao Paulo Brazil department of Cell Biology University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville Virginia USA Present address: department of Pharmacology Institute Of Biosciences of BotucatuUniversidade Estadual Paulista 'Julio de Mesquita Filho' Botucatu Sao Paulo 186).8-970 Brazil.

β-defensins are components of host defense, with antimicrobial and pleiotropic immuno-modulatory properties. Research over the last 15 years has demonstrated abundant expression of a variety of β-defensins in the postnatal epididymis of different species. A gradient of region- and cell-specific expression of these proteins is observed in the epithelium of the postnatal epididymis. Their secretion into the luminal fluid and binding to spermatozoa as they travel along the epididymis has suggested their involvement in reproduction-specific tasks. Therefore, continuous attention has been given to various β-defensins for their role in sperm function and fertility. Although β-defensins are largely dependent on androgens, the underlying mechanisms regulating their expression and function in the epididymis are not well understood. Recent investigation has pointed out to a new and interesting scenario where β-defensins emerge with a different expression pattern in the Wolffian duct, the embryonic precursor of the epididymis, as opposed to the adult epididymis, thereby redefining the concept concerning the multifunctional roles of β-defensins in the developing epididymis. In this review, we summarize some current views of β-defensins in the epididymis highlighting our most recent data and speculations on their role in the developing epididymis during the prenatal-to-postnatal transition, bringing attention to the many unanswered questions in this research area that may contribute to a better understanding of epididymal biology and male fertility.

关键词： androgens embryogenesis epididymis organogenesis β-defensins

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Micro-computed tomography assessment of human femoral trabecular bone for two disease groups(fragility fracture and coxarthrosis):Age and gender related effects on the microstructure

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第2期6卷 175-184页

作者： Ana Catarina Vale Manuel F.C.Pereira Antonio Maurício Bruno Vidal Ana Rodrigues Joana Caetano-Lopes Ara Nazarian Joao E.Fonseca Helena Canhao Maria Fatima Vaz Institute of Materials and Surface Science and Engineering LisbonPortugal Rheumatology Research Unit Instituto de Medicina MolecularFaculdade de Medicina de LisboaLisbonPortugal Center of Petrology and Geochemistry Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade Técnica de LisboaLisbonPortugal Rheumatology and Metabolic Bone Diseases department Hospital de Santa MariaLisbonPortugal Orthopedic Biomechanics Laboratory Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonUSA Mechanical Engineering department Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade Tecnica de LisboaLisbonPortugal

The aim of this study was to identify three-dimensional microstructural changes of trabecular bone with age and gender, using micro-computed tomography. Human trabecular bone from two disease groups, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis was analyzed. A prior analysis of the effects of some procedure variables on the micro-CT results was performed. Preliminary micro-CT scans were performed with three voxel resolutions and two acquisition conditions. On the reconstruction step, the image segmentation was performed with three different threshold values. Samples were collected from patients, with coxarthrosis (osteoarthritis) or fragility fracture (osteoporosis). The specimens of the coxarthrosis group include twenty females and fifteen males, while the fragility fracture group was composed by twenty three females and seven males. The mean age of the population was 69 ± 11 (females) and 67 ± 10 years (males), in the coxarthrosis group, while in the fragility fracture group was 81 ± 6 (females) and 78 ± 6 (males) years. The 30 μm voxel size provided lower percentage difference for the microarchitecture parameters. Acquisition conditions with 160 μA and 60 kV permit the evaluation of all the volume’s sample, with low average values of the coefficients of variation of the microstructural parameters. No statistically significant differences were found between the two diseases groups, neither between genders. However, with aging, there is a decrease of bone volume fraction, trabecular number and fractal dimension, and an increase of structural model index and trabecular separation, for both disease groups and genders. The parameters bone specific surface, trabecular thickness and degree of anisotropy have different behaviors with age, depending on the type of disease. While in coxarthrosis patients, trabecular thickness increases with age, in the fragility fracture group, there is a decrease of trabecular thickness with increasing age. Our findings indicate that disease, age and

关键词： Trabecular Bone Micro-Computed Tomography Coxarthrosis Fragility Fracture Age Gender

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Antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and non-typhoidal Salmonella strains isolated from infections in Southwest China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 512-522页

作者： Shun-Xian Zhang Yong-Ming Zhou Li-Guang Tian Jia-Xu Chen Rita Tinoco-Torres Emmanuel Serrano Shi-Zhu Li Shao-Hong Chen Lin Ai Jun-Hu Chen Shang Xia Yan Lu Shan Lv Xue-Jiao Teng Wen Xu Wen-Peng Gu Si-Tang Gong Xiao-Nong Zhou Lan-Lan Geng Wei Hu Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510623People’s Republic of China department of Gastroenterology Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510623People’s Republic of China Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Kunming 650022People’s Republic of China National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesMinistry of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China department of Biology&CESAM University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Wildlife Ecology and Health group and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge(SEFaS) Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia AnimalsUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona(UAB)BellaterraSpain department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China

Background:Bacterial diarrhea is one of the most common causes for medical consultations,mortality and morbidity in the *** Escherichia coli(deC)and non-typhoidal Salmonella(NTS)are major intestinal pathogens in developing countries,and the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has greatly contributed to resistant ***,the aim of the present study is to identify the antimicrobial resistance patterns and the molecular characteristics of deC and NTS in southwest,***:1121 diarrheal patients and 319 non-diarrheal subjects across all age groups were recruited from four sentinel hospitals from June 2014 to July 2015 in Kunming City,Yunnan *** stool specimen was collected to detect deC and NTS with standard microbiological and molecular *** resistance testing was performed with the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method,and the standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing complied with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI).Molecular characterization of strains was carried out using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE).A structured questionnaire was used to record basic epidemiological data(***,age,residence,season,etc.).data were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact ***:deC was detected in 127(11.33%)diarrhea cases and 9(2.82%)non-diarrheal cases(χ^(2)=20.69,PdeC and NTS showed significant differences(χ^(2)=386.77,PdeC isolated from diarrhea cases were higher than those of NTS isolated from diarrhea patients(37.01%vs 14.29%,χ^(2)=7.57,P=0.006;29.92%vs 11.

关键词： Enterobacterial infections Gastroenteritis Fingerprint typing Kunming Yunnan

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